How the Universe Works (2010–…): Season 4, Episode 4 - Edge of the Solar System - full transcript
Imagine a place
Surrounded by glacial rock trillions
... a mysterious dwarf star
A ball of magnetic bubbles
Each offering 100 million miles
Destroyed by a global war between deadly radiation fields
That is not a distant area of ??a galaxy
It is our creativity ... our solar system
And what happens within it
Separates our life or our death
"The Ways of the Universe"
{\ A10} over the past century
{\ A10} Our understanding of the universe increased greatly
We have discovered billions of stars in our galaxy
And billions of new galaxies across the universe
We saw black holes shooting cosmic rivals
... and Ngooma is a nuclear explosive
And new planets in distant solar systems
But when it comes to our cosmic title
We hardly know much
When we study space
The closest thing to us is our solar system
This is what we understand best
But it is clear that we are at the beginning of the road
We do not understand anything in our solar system
The solar system is our home, our neighbor
But you might be surprised to find out
We do not really understand how wide it is
When I was a boy, I learned
Order of planets in the solar system
It was the farthest planet Pluto
The solar system stopped there
This was completely wrong
If you think the solar system ends
With the end of the planets, where Neptune and Pluto
You are missing the bigger picture
... We just started knowing the amazing fact
More than ninety percent of our system
The solar begins where planets end
When the sunlight reaches this distance
They are very weak
But we knew there was something there
Because he has been sending us visitors
Comets
It was assumed to come from a mysterious disk
Behind the Neptune orbit
But no one has
The Quiber belt was theoretical
He was believed to exist
But he also thought it was difficult to observe
We are talking about Agram
It may reach 100 miles
But it is billions of miles away
Try to find something much smaller
It will be extremely difficult
No one thought of doing it
In 1986, a team of astronomers
"Stationed at the Muna Kia Observatory in Hawaii
They decided to prove their mistake
I usually store
These observations were taken when we were watching
I used to write a lot of things in a blog
To try to track
Everything that happens on top of the mountain
Here is the name of the telescope
, "80-inch telescope on" Mona Kia
"Also known as" Rust Baket
Visitors to this telescope
They always think that it was the ugliest thing they saw
It is brown
Sounds like rusty
Parts of it are rusty
So it's a gruesome-looking telescope
But we use it in all our work
If they could locate a particle beyond the planets
He must have a Kuiper Belt
They did not find anything for six years
It's like research
"For a rusty coin in the state of Texas
Games
00:04:13,117 --> 00:04:14,884
We spent many years
We look for particles in the outer solar system
Too tired
Lots of disappointment
We respect the size of the objects
Yes we can see the stars at a distance
Hundreds of thousands of light years
But they are big glowing objects
How can you see a particle that is only 100 miles wide
Is it unclear?
It does not produce any light visible from itself
That's why finding these things is difficult
The Kuiper belt particles consist mainly of ice
So you might think it sparkles like icebergs
We are in a volcanic country
So most of these peaks are dark and covered with ash
They are quite symmetrical
"Belt particles" Kuiper
So I wanted to get closer to this
But my mentor told me it was huge
We can not approach, may turn
Well, we found a good one
It is very dark
Let's get up there
Look how dark this is from the outside?
Well, the comets are also black
But in fact, I was tired of this
We believe that comets are darkened by asphalt
Black of tar
Kuiper's dark-brown particles
Remained hidden for half a decade
Then on a summer night
Joyce and his team monitored something
The solar system will never be as it was
So here you register
Blogs we keep as we watch
August 29, 1992
We started as usual
Look at the pictures that come from the telescope
We discovered this first particle
It was one small point
Moving very slowly across the sky
His path showed that he was circling the sun
But in an orbit that takes him far behind the planets
The orbit puts him in the mysterious "Quiber" belt
He was moving very slowly across the sky
That was too far away
We realized the slow speed
It was far beyond a particle
It was seen in the system
So solar to that point
Here 's that blog
"A slow moving particle ... a question mark"
This is if the Kuiper belt is discovered there
It was those three letters
In a moment, the Quiber belt became real
And so
Our solar system is twice the size
... It was a scientific leap because we now have this
This whole part of the solar system
Which we predicted without proof
Evidence
"Discovery of the first particle of the belt" Kuiper
It was a clear indication of existence
New numbers of bodies there
Throughout the night
We have doubled the solar system
The team was later known
"On several other bodies of the belt" Quiber
They ended up calculating the billions of particles
Which revolves around the sun in a vast disk
It was the first guide
Our solar system hides us great surprises
Far from what we thought was the end of the solar system
"Discovery of the first particle of the belt" Kuiper
It was a remarkable achievement
It was a guide to the existence of a whole group
Of the bodies in the solar system
, Which we thought existed
Then we discovered the truth
It was a great discovery as a discovery
Full planet for example
Discover the Kuiper Belt
Instantly increased the size of our solar system
But reduced the status of one member
Because some objects in the belt
They were bigger than our smallest planets
Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet
I really enjoyed the conflict
About Pluto Description
Is it a planet?
Is it a dwarf planet?
Is it something between them?
It shows how interested people are
Pluto is still charming
Is still an important part of our solar system
But we see him as the nearest neighbor
Let's not get angry
That Pluto is no longer called a planet
Take care of the fact that Pluto is a dwarf planet
He can teach us a lot of
Things about all his new friends
Which we discover year after year
Pluto now has more than 1,400 brothers and sisters
They are called plutonoids
If Pluto was a planet, so would all plutonoids
I have a sister, it will be difficult for her
Try to remember all those names
Discover the Kuiper Belt
Open the solar system
But it was just the beginning of our expedition
To the outer border
The Kuiper belt distance from the sun is fifty times longer
From the Earth's distance from the sun
it's huge
But if you think the boundaries of the Kuiper belt
Is the limits of the solar system
You think in a shallow way
Behind the Quiber Belt far away
The sun was reflected in a reflective shield
About the solar system
Our star is waging a global war
Against the largest weapons in the galaxy
Our lives depend on their success
, For a long time
We assumed that the solar system
Ends with the end of the planets
But the Kuiper belt was discovered in the 1990s
He multiplied the effect of the sun
The question raised scholars
"Can they go further?"
It turned out to be true, much further
We would not live if we could not
If you put a Geiger counter
In this room he will move
If you put a Geiger counter in space
Move more
It monitors a deadly kind of radiation
Called cosmic rays
Cosmic rays are essentially atomic particles
Such as helium atoms, protons and electrons
Which jumps through space at almost the speed of light
They can travel far distances
Hundreds and thousands of light years
It is clear that they are hitting us here on the ground
Cosmic rays explode from exploding stars
Deep in the galaxy
They are incompatible with life
They can tear apart the electrons
It can really change
The chemical arrangement of cells causes mutations
It can kill you
If the earth was constantly hit by cosmic rays
Without any protection
They would not survive the advanced forms of life
But cosmic rays rarely target us
They rarely hit us in truth
Clearly there is something to protect us
Of the complete attack of cosmic rays from the universe
It is our sun
A reversible shield of 8.7 billion miles is made
Towards space
Using its solar wind
When you think about the wind
Think of the earth's air
Which moves through your hair
Solar wind is not
It is really a torrent of high-energy particles
It emanates from the sun, such as hydrogen
It's real, it's billions of tons every second
Some parts of solar wind move
At about two million miles per hour
Has a strong impact
Blow beside us here on the ground
Because the magnetic field of the earth reflects them
Solar wind does not stop at Earth
It's in space, it keeps moving
It goes beyond the inner planets
... goes beyond the outer planets
.... Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
And continue to move
It goes beyond the Quiber belt
Carrying the magnetic field of the sun
3.5 billion miles away
You make a huge defensive shield
About the solar system is called the solar envelope
Solar wind blows a bubble
About our solar system
The sun is like a big mother
Already made a bubble of charged particles
And the associated magnetic fields that protect us
Of the cosmic rays that come
From outside the solar system
The next cosmic rays
Collide with solar wind
Most of them turn into space
Without this draw in the spaces of space to destroy us
Like anything else in nature
Solar wind is a double edged sword
They can hurt us here on the ground
But it also protects us
Of those materials
There are many models in the universe
Where you think nothing
It is at first dangerous and very destructive
It can be protective
And solar wind one of them
Yes, there are those particles
High energy coming from the sun
But the impact of solar wind
Protect our entire solar system
Of more dangerous particles
The protective bubble is making its way
Through dust and gases
Where the solar system revolves
I'm talking about the center of the galaxy
They make their way as the boat moves through the water
A wave is slowing down
Solar wind to be stopped
Where it collides with materials
Outside the solar system, into interstellar space
And here
NASA explorers found the boundaries
"Interstellar") or "IPX"
On a very strange and completely unexpected phenomenon
The mission of "Ipex" already exists
A huge emitter of hydrogen gas
The biggest thing we saw
In our solar system so far
It may be the result of interaction
The magnetic field of our solar system
With a larger magnetic field for the galaxy
Scientists believe that interaction
Between the solar wind of the sun and the outside
And the interstellar medium of the galaxy's inward drive
The particles are trapped in a huge bar
... The length of the ribbon is about a hundred billion miles
Making it the largest particle in our solar system
It's interesting to know
For these long structures at the edge of the solar system
Because frankly, no one expected it
No one organized it
So by seeing something we never expected before
That is how we learn
And so the flag advances
IPEX "and its technology in the 21st century"
Tell us amazing new things about our solar system
But its old technique has not
It was drained from the 1970s
Has been sending the most exciting news
Of the outer border
After traveling for about forty years
Voyager continues to send messages to us
Around the strange areas of huge magnetic bubbles
And a high-energy giant competitor
It explodes from our solar system
In the past few decades
We realized that our perception of the solar system
He was missing ninety percent of the picture
25 years ago, we thought Pluto
It was the limit of the planets at least in our solar system
But we now know there is
Many others like Pluto are there
So the limits of the solar system have not only widened
But we became more aware
For our need for further learning
Our newest eyes in the sky
Staring in these areas
The most remote of our being next door
We are beginning to learn about the vast system of criminality
In the outer part of our solar system
Increasing our techniques
We continue to discover more
And more UFOs
And our image of the reality of the solar system
Changed as a result of our ability to improve our eyes
But it is a very old technique that really takes us
To those limits
When NASA launched Voyager-A in 1977
They thought it might work for five years
After 37 years, this small space probe
Still sending us amazing information
, In August 2012
It was 11 billion miles from Earth
He left the solar field
The edge of the solar system is completely mysterious
The atmosphere of the sun
Interstellar space
This edge is the intersection of these two extremes
It is a place where our neighborhood ends
The neighborhood begins
three hundred fifty
00:17:25,533 --> 00:17:28,568
"I was struck by news that" Voyager
It was at the edge of the solar system
This is a complete area of ??the solar system
We hardly know anything about it
For the first time in the history of mankind
We have an automatic probe that lies in its center
Measures what goes around
It was amazing
We can say for the first time, even a limited scope
That human type is interstellar
We are now out among the stars
When our brave little probe looked between the stars
On the solar system
He had a surprise for us
We thought that the solar field was in the form of a comet
With a huge tail extending hundreds of billions of miles back
But Voyager discovered something new and amazing
No solar field found
In the form of a giant tail
He found a halo shape with two short sleeves
This is a very important observation
Because they teach us something new
It teaches us the basic form
Of the solar field
I mean it's a long time
We had the simplest picture
But we have the details now
We know that he has some compositions
We can start with that
Let us begin and begin with deep understanding
For the area around the sun
The tail is the wind
Solar High Power
The reason for these jets is pressure
Or interaction between the magnetic field
... for the galaxy in the background and those particles
Charged particles are fast
The flow from the sun
Voyager also sent us shocking news
About the edge of the influence of the sun
Perhaps the edge of the solar field is not quite clear
It is not a dividing line
Is not a definite end
In fact, it is an extended area that is not clear
It's hundreds of millions of miles away
In the middle
... monitoring Voyager is something strange
A ball of huge magnetic bubbles
We thought the solar magnetic field
Scattered at this point
But this did not happen
What they discovered was the magnetic field lines
Of the sun has intertwined
To make a magnetic composition foam thin bubbles
This was a surprise, and an exciting surprise
When the magnetic field of the sun is rippled
It wilts and intertwined
The lines intersect and connect again
To be giant magnetic bubbles
Each bubble is foamy
With a width of about 100 million miles, and that's phenomenal
It is the distance from the earth to the sun
Thousands of them surround the solar system
No one was sure what to do
Those are magnetic bubbles
But it is possible
This is a bubble
Cosmic is the first line of defense
In front of Hungarian radiations
It helps protect the solar system
Of the global aggression
Think about how much technology is different
Since the launch of Voyager until today
No one had a phone in his pocket
I mean no one was even able to
Make a long distance phone call
Across the ocean without being in great distress
But with this old technique
We are learning now
On the edge of the solar system
Imagine what we will learn in the next 50 years
Voyager "after the edge of the solar field now"
Travel through interstellar space
But have you already left the solar system?
Not really
There is a lot of solar system out there
"To pass it" Voyager
And will have to travel for several centuries
And thousands of years before that
The real solar system is leaving
It 's outside the atmosphere of the sun
But did not pass the sun's gravity
"When we go out, we travel in Quiber Belt
Behind the orbit of Pluto, right?
This is too far
Beyond that, we have the edge of the solar field
The area of ??the magnetic field of the sun
So you might think you're at the end of the solar system
But guess
There are still things
Are related to our solar system
,From time to time
Something sends those things accelerating towards the sun
The earth may turn its way
In the far reaches of the solar system
Far from the solar field
We are blind
We can not see in this dimension
But sometimes messengers come from behind
Deadly Messengers .. Comets
There are essentially two comets
There are short comets
The other type of comets are long cycle
"Comets come short-circuited from Quiber's belt
This disc is the remnants of space beyond the planets
She travels around the solar system
In relatively small circles
Returns at regular intervals every 200 years or less
Long comets are more mysterious
Comets may return a long cycle
Almost every thousand years
Or even every million years
Unlike short-comets comets
Which come in circles
Long comets come in rotary orbits
They can come
From everywhere and from different directions
This tells us that they come from a different place
We think the comets are long cycle come from place
,Too far
It is very much like a spherical cloud
For things too far away
Which rush towards the sun all the time
When the culprit approaches, the sun warms it up
The ice turns to gas, and the comet loses a mass
Over time, those comets will disappear
But it continues to come
This confirms her stock there
But where is there?
Where do you come from?
One of the explanations of these strange comets
It's probably not our solar system
The galaxy may be filled with snow
Which sometimes flows on us
Then we thought
They probably come from another part of the solar system
Perhaps our solar system is surrounded
A reel of waste
... from the early days of its formation
"Ort cloud"
It has been assumed to have a stock
A huge cloud surrounds the solar system in millions
Billions, or even trillions of those snow bodies
But we never saw it
Ort cloud
This is the default group
Of comets, are those objects
It's virtual
Not observed at all
The bodies in the Ort cloud are very far away
Small and very dim
So that we never noticed anything
There is in the Ort cloud
Something must fall
To see things fall
Of all those different angles
From there, you can figure out what is there
But the aggregation of huge numbers to build the Ort cloud
Is a very difficult task
You need a powerful computer
"Luckily there is Kevin Walsh
We are here in the heart of a modern supercomputer
On those pregnant thousands of processors
Working day and night to analyze computer models
To understand the evolution of our solar system
And what is there in the edge
"Here's the supercomputer" Janus
"In" Boulder - Colorado
In supercomputers like this
There are thousands of processors
Tens of thousands of competing nuclei
You can do more than
One hundred trillion accounts per second
In such a machine
We need this
If we want to try to understand the evolution
Hundreds of millions of comets over billions of years
Compare what I can do with a paper
There is no comparison
Using a super computer
Astronomers can start assembling an image
Of the large invisible cloud
... and start with what we can see
Comets that rush toward the sun
We will not see the Ort cloud unless a guilty person comes
So we need to estimate times
One comes right
Which will make it pass close to the sun
We can observe it
, We can then reverse and say
We see one in ten "
"Years of about the same size
Then we say, "For this, there must be billions
"And billions of them make the cloud of Ort
Accounts show that the Ort cloud
It hosts up to a trillion of ice
Stretching very far from the edge of the solar field
Hard to calculate
Extent of the Ort cloud
But perhaps its edge
Beyond the sun ten thousand
Time from the Earth's distance to the sun
Trillion miles .. one followed by twelve zero
It is very huge ... very vast ... much wider
, Of the solar planetary system
So that if you remove all the planets from the sun
Will not be affected until the Ort cloud
How exactly
Do the snowy clouds come here?
A comic way of thinking about the Ort cloud
They are the parts of the planets that are never used
It's already wasteful
The Ort cloud did not come as an original
If true
The Ort cloud formed when they tried
But they failed to enroll in training
To become giant planets
In contrast, it was thrown in all directions
It is now halfway to the next star
It is a giant spherical spread
4.6 billion years ago, our sun lit up
A cloud of dust and gas revolves around the newborn star
Then gravity began to work
Attracts gas, dust, ice and rocks
To be the nascent planets
The planets formed from structural units
... smaller parts of materials
Rocks and ice
Materials have come together over time
Rampage of rotating materials
Behind the remains on the body
Rocky ruins in the asteroid belt
Ice in the Quiber belt
Then Neptune and Uranus participated in the event
Lenathan rubble farther away
But think about what happened
... when there are bodies falling together
All kinds of small rocks under the influence of gravity
Some will push around the planet
The space is tossed away
Most of them were thrown out of the solar system forever
Which did not happen to it
Continued in those circular orbits
A million miles long
This is the Ort cloud
Billions of snow rocks
It was tossed in all directions
Until it formed a ball of snakes
Around the entire solar system
Orbit cloud comets
Are the bones of the dinosaurs to form the solar system
Contains ingredients
Which met to form planets
It is a time capsule than the solar system
4.5 billion years ago
Most of the Ort cloud
You will stay in this snowy cloud forever
It revolves around the distant sun
But some will fail
Attracted by the sun's gravity
Inwardly as furniture is attracted by glare
A guilty person may sneak into you
Without even knowing its existence
These comets may be several miles wide
It moves very fast
Sometimes even a hundred miles per second
This makes them very dangerous
How serious is it?
Ask Dinosaura
Some people believe that a huge collision
Who wiped dinosaurs
Perhaps caused by a huge comet of Ort cloud
It can be dangerous
Like asteroids that we considered
Responsible for the extinction of the earth
Comets fall from a very distant place
So it moves faster than asteroids
This is why their collisions are larger
Even if a small particle displays a mile or two
It may cause a lot of destruction
But many of the Ort cloud comets
Which come to the inner solar system is very huge
Imagine if he were one of them
With a width of thirty or fifty miles, it will be a global disaster
We have no warning
Because we have no idea
For the substance that is thrown from the cloud Ort us
Our enemy may be remote
The biggest secrets of the solar system
A wicked twin of our sun
... a second star within our solar system
"Nemesis" = "our enemy"
We have updated our virtual knowledge
Of the solar system
To about 9 trillion miles after the planets
But we are still working in the dark
"Carl Sagan said." We are in the Magellanic era
"We are not in the era of Columbus"
What does this mean?
I mean we know the basic parameters
, For our solar system
We know the planets
We know of the Kuiper belt and the Ort cloud
But we do not know the details
We did not actually visit one of those places
We do not know geography
So we are currently filling the map
We have developed
, The presence of about two trillion in the Ort cloud
A ball of waste
, Of the composition of the solar system
And occasionally
One of these objects drips on us
The important question is, why does one decide to come suddenly?
What worries her?
What drives them to fall
And approach the inner solar system?
There are so many different ideas
For that reason
Some found signs of a series of disasters
Which virtually wiped out life on Earth
The fossil record appeared in the presence
Periodic series of mass extinctions
Every 26 million years
It seems to be something
He was hit by a cloud of Ort
Periodically dispersing comets
Which opens up fierce prospects
When we look at the stars
Note that most of them are in pairs
Sometimes they may be
Very far apart
It may take up to millions
Years to turn around
So the question seems normal
The sun is a companion
Did not we discover some for his distance?
It is amazing to think that to the sun
Brother or sister at the moment
Because we know that more
Of half the stars in our galaxy
-100 billion stars-
In binary, triple or quadruple systems
So the only star is an exception
Is this distant star responsible
About Ort cloud cloud?
What may have happened is that every 26 million years
This partner star crosses the Ort cloud
The orbits are down
Comets are pushed in all directions
Some come to the inner solar system
It hits the ground and causes collective destruction
The name of this dangerous double star
"Sun partner is" Nemesis
Nemesis has its problems
The attraction of the mysterious star that you are sure
By passing the Ort cloud
Comets may be sent periodically
Rushing towards the sun and the earth
But if the sun had a companion star
It should be easily visible
"You think if that star" Nemesis
It should be visible
Stars are of course bright
But the theory here is that Nemesis is a dwarf star
Maybe he's a brown dwarf
It will be very small
That is why it is hardly bright
The brown dwarf is not a star or a planet
It's something between them
A lean star never lighted
The stars light up when gravity is crushed
Pull the vast hydrogen gas together
High pressures and temperatures are generated
If there is not enough gas
There will not be enough gravity to ignite a nuclear fire
He did not become a star
On the other hand, it is bigger than the buyer
One on a thousandth of the mass of the sun
These things are heating up
But does not explode like the star does
It is hard to see because it is too dark
But may contain a large block
There is a dwarf built somewhere in there
Comets drive us in equal intervals?
The brown dwarf run for these
The degree will be blind to us to see
But it will be hot enough
We can find it using infrared
With infrared telescopes
Heat can capture something
Even if it does not send a light
Something like brown dwarf
Even if it does not glow with visible light
It must produce heat
There are always flights that wipe the entire sky
If there were a dwarf aged four billion years
Somewhere near the sun you will be spotted
"So far, Nemesis has not been found
If there was no star "Nemesis" there
Is there anything else that messes with the Ort cloud?
Another theory assumes a relatively large planet
The size of the earth, for example
It runs far behind Neptune
But monitoring a planet with this dimension
Harder than monitoring a dwarf star
The farther the planet was from the sun, the darker it was
And more difficult to see
So there may be a planet the size of the earth
The sun is several billion miles away
It will be invisible to our current encounters
There is still an opportunity to have something the size of the earth
, Away in the Ort cloud
He moves the bodies
"This was the last nail in the coffin of Nimes' theory
We may never know what to say
Ort cloud objects from orbit
But it's not the only one there
We still do not know where the solar system ends
Search for the edge of the solar system
Helps us with a bigger problem
To understand the entire solar system
How do you realize the whole solar system
Without revealing his edge?
Probably the biggest puzzle ever
That our sun has many particles
It roams the universe more than its fair share
Probably because our sun is a thief
She stole her sisters and brothers in the womb of the universe
But those extra particles
May be our ticket to get out
When the sun turns the heat on us
25 years ago
The solar system had nine planets in front of our eyes
It is seven billion miles wide
We now know that it is a thousand times bigger
And display more than three light years
The more we look at it, the more it expands
It expands greatly
Somehow we took our order
Solar materials too much
Theoretically, we can calculate the number of comets that have been formed
When the solar system itself
Then we can look
To the number of comets coming from the Ort cloud
We try to find out who is actually there
It is clear that the two figures are quite far apart
The number of comets formed with the sun
Much less
Of the number of comets that we find there
There is a huge amount of material in the Ort cloud
To belong to one medium size star
The only way to balance
Two digits if the sun
Thief when she was formed
Five billion years ago
A great storm burst, sending a shock wave
Across a huge cloud of dust and gas
She pressed the cloud
.. Producing zones of dense gas
Star Nursery
Hundreds of pockets of gases are compressed
Under its appeal
To be hundreds of sister stars
We believe that the sun has formed
With brothers and sisters in clusters
We believe that the sun has formed in a cluster
With 400 or 500 other stars
If we could picture the composition of those stars
They are very small compared to the distance between them
But its cloud of comets is very large
So comets can be stolen from them
, The sun was smart
She walked away when she was at the front
I got a bunch of comets from other stars
Then she went on her way
Some of the objects that are now around us from afar
She may have come from those other young stars
Competing global brothers
It may still be happening now
We may steal the bodies of our brothers and sisters
While deviating from the cloud of our Ort
The nearest star is the Ort cloud
Against the solar system
The Centaur Man
There may be another Ort cloud
About the centaur man
There may be objects interchangeable
Between the two stars
Midway between these two stars we found
The true edge of our solar system
And what happens at the edge
It may be bad news for us
It may be for the centaur man
Effect on life here on earth
Perhaps this star has particles around it
In the Ort cloud its effect is attractive
On our Ort cloud
When something falls, it may be a result
The effect of our nearest star
This means it is not an edge
Tightening and attracting not only infinite
We humans like the edges of the separator like the border
But the solar system is not
It is fading
It mixes in the galaxy as a whole
, The sun does not live alone
As well as our Ort cloud
We interact constantly, in this way
We are linked to a larger environment
Milky Way
This mystery may remind us
Out of the solar system
When the solar system ends
There may be an end to the outside
And the beginning of a new journey
One of the fun things about knowing
Install our solar system
There are lots of other objects
Which we can use as resources
We go out into interstellar space
There are rocks, there is ice
Maybe we can refuel
Our space vehicle when we pass
Perhaps something as distant and fluffy as the Ort cloud
Be our next trip
Let's actually explore the galaxy
We have a lot to learn about the solar system
With many new surprises to explore
Each time we open a new window on the universe
We are surprised, and that's what excites me
I wake up every morning and am surprised if I am not surprised
And by opening up new technologies
Our understanding of what is there also opens
We build better platforms
We send probes to space
We have a lot to learn
This is a really exciting part
Our new eyes of the universe
Show our solar system in a completely new window
We are slowly gathering complex links
Which connects it to our lives and to the color behind them
Every discovery we do about the universe tells us
There is no solar system like an island
So that the materials come from outside and come inside
And graduated from the inside out
And when we gnaw at the outer edges of our solar system
We change what we mean by the solar system
We are taking the first steps outside the planet
And start looking at our environment
This is very structured
The sun is like one voice
In a large chorus of hundreds of billions of other stars
And their own solar systems
I find it emotionally true
We are part of the larger population there
To believe we found everything in our solar system
And the assumption that we know everything
This is not the way science works
The science of pushing boundaries
We continue to do so
In ten years, if we did this program again
I would not be surprised if we talked about new things
Surrounded by glacial rock trillions
... a mysterious dwarf star
A ball of magnetic bubbles
Each offering 100 million miles
Destroyed by a global war between deadly radiation fields
That is not a distant area of ??a galaxy
It is our creativity ... our solar system
And what happens within it
Separates our life or our death
"The Ways of the Universe"
{\ A10} over the past century
{\ A10} Our understanding of the universe increased greatly
We have discovered billions of stars in our galaxy
And billions of new galaxies across the universe
We saw black holes shooting cosmic rivals
... and Ngooma is a nuclear explosive
And new planets in distant solar systems
But when it comes to our cosmic title
We hardly know much
When we study space
The closest thing to us is our solar system
This is what we understand best
But it is clear that we are at the beginning of the road
We do not understand anything in our solar system
The solar system is our home, our neighbor
But you might be surprised to find out
We do not really understand how wide it is
When I was a boy, I learned
Order of planets in the solar system
It was the farthest planet Pluto
The solar system stopped there
This was completely wrong
If you think the solar system ends
With the end of the planets, where Neptune and Pluto
You are missing the bigger picture
... We just started knowing the amazing fact
More than ninety percent of our system
The solar begins where planets end
When the sunlight reaches this distance
They are very weak
But we knew there was something there
Because he has been sending us visitors
Comets
It was assumed to come from a mysterious disk
Behind the Neptune orbit
But no one has
The Quiber belt was theoretical
He was believed to exist
But he also thought it was difficult to observe
We are talking about Agram
It may reach 100 miles
But it is billions of miles away
Try to find something much smaller
It will be extremely difficult
No one thought of doing it
In 1986, a team of astronomers
"Stationed at the Muna Kia Observatory in Hawaii
They decided to prove their mistake
I usually store
These observations were taken when we were watching
I used to write a lot of things in a blog
To try to track
Everything that happens on top of the mountain
Here is the name of the telescope
, "80-inch telescope on" Mona Kia
"Also known as" Rust Baket
Visitors to this telescope
They always think that it was the ugliest thing they saw
It is brown
Sounds like rusty
Parts of it are rusty
So it's a gruesome-looking telescope
But we use it in all our work
If they could locate a particle beyond the planets
He must have a Kuiper Belt
They did not find anything for six years
It's like research
"For a rusty coin in the state of Texas
Games
00:04:13,117 --> 00:04:14,884
We spent many years
We look for particles in the outer solar system
Too tired
Lots of disappointment
We respect the size of the objects
Yes we can see the stars at a distance
Hundreds of thousands of light years
But they are big glowing objects
How can you see a particle that is only 100 miles wide
Is it unclear?
It does not produce any light visible from itself
That's why finding these things is difficult
The Kuiper belt particles consist mainly of ice
So you might think it sparkles like icebergs
We are in a volcanic country
So most of these peaks are dark and covered with ash
They are quite symmetrical
"Belt particles" Kuiper
So I wanted to get closer to this
But my mentor told me it was huge
We can not approach, may turn
Well, we found a good one
It is very dark
Let's get up there
Look how dark this is from the outside?
Well, the comets are also black
But in fact, I was tired of this
We believe that comets are darkened by asphalt
Black of tar
Kuiper's dark-brown particles
Remained hidden for half a decade
Then on a summer night
Joyce and his team monitored something
The solar system will never be as it was
So here you register
Blogs we keep as we watch
August 29, 1992
We started as usual
Look at the pictures that come from the telescope
We discovered this first particle
It was one small point
Moving very slowly across the sky
His path showed that he was circling the sun
But in an orbit that takes him far behind the planets
The orbit puts him in the mysterious "Quiber" belt
He was moving very slowly across the sky
That was too far away
We realized the slow speed
It was far beyond a particle
It was seen in the system
So solar to that point
Here 's that blog
"A slow moving particle ... a question mark"
This is if the Kuiper belt is discovered there
It was those three letters
In a moment, the Quiber belt became real
And so
Our solar system is twice the size
... It was a scientific leap because we now have this
This whole part of the solar system
Which we predicted without proof
Evidence
"Discovery of the first particle of the belt" Kuiper
It was a clear indication of existence
New numbers of bodies there
Throughout the night
We have doubled the solar system
The team was later known
"On several other bodies of the belt" Quiber
They ended up calculating the billions of particles
Which revolves around the sun in a vast disk
It was the first guide
Our solar system hides us great surprises
Far from what we thought was the end of the solar system
"Discovery of the first particle of the belt" Kuiper
It was a remarkable achievement
It was a guide to the existence of a whole group
Of the bodies in the solar system
, Which we thought existed
Then we discovered the truth
It was a great discovery as a discovery
Full planet for example
Discover the Kuiper Belt
Instantly increased the size of our solar system
But reduced the status of one member
Because some objects in the belt
They were bigger than our smallest planets
Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet
I really enjoyed the conflict
About Pluto Description
Is it a planet?
Is it a dwarf planet?
Is it something between them?
It shows how interested people are
Pluto is still charming
Is still an important part of our solar system
But we see him as the nearest neighbor
Let's not get angry
That Pluto is no longer called a planet
Take care of the fact that Pluto is a dwarf planet
He can teach us a lot of
Things about all his new friends
Which we discover year after year
Pluto now has more than 1,400 brothers and sisters
They are called plutonoids
If Pluto was a planet, so would all plutonoids
I have a sister, it will be difficult for her
Try to remember all those names
Discover the Kuiper Belt
Open the solar system
But it was just the beginning of our expedition
To the outer border
The Kuiper belt distance from the sun is fifty times longer
From the Earth's distance from the sun
it's huge
But if you think the boundaries of the Kuiper belt
Is the limits of the solar system
You think in a shallow way
Behind the Quiber Belt far away
The sun was reflected in a reflective shield
About the solar system
Our star is waging a global war
Against the largest weapons in the galaxy
Our lives depend on their success
, For a long time
We assumed that the solar system
Ends with the end of the planets
But the Kuiper belt was discovered in the 1990s
He multiplied the effect of the sun
The question raised scholars
"Can they go further?"
It turned out to be true, much further
We would not live if we could not
If you put a Geiger counter
In this room he will move
If you put a Geiger counter in space
Move more
It monitors a deadly kind of radiation
Called cosmic rays
Cosmic rays are essentially atomic particles
Such as helium atoms, protons and electrons
Which jumps through space at almost the speed of light
They can travel far distances
Hundreds and thousands of light years
It is clear that they are hitting us here on the ground
Cosmic rays explode from exploding stars
Deep in the galaxy
They are incompatible with life
They can tear apart the electrons
It can really change
The chemical arrangement of cells causes mutations
It can kill you
If the earth was constantly hit by cosmic rays
Without any protection
They would not survive the advanced forms of life
But cosmic rays rarely target us
They rarely hit us in truth
Clearly there is something to protect us
Of the complete attack of cosmic rays from the universe
It is our sun
A reversible shield of 8.7 billion miles is made
Towards space
Using its solar wind
When you think about the wind
Think of the earth's air
Which moves through your hair
Solar wind is not
It is really a torrent of high-energy particles
It emanates from the sun, such as hydrogen
It's real, it's billions of tons every second
Some parts of solar wind move
At about two million miles per hour
Has a strong impact
Blow beside us here on the ground
Because the magnetic field of the earth reflects them
Solar wind does not stop at Earth
It's in space, it keeps moving
It goes beyond the inner planets
... goes beyond the outer planets
.... Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
And continue to move
It goes beyond the Quiber belt
Carrying the magnetic field of the sun
3.5 billion miles away
You make a huge defensive shield
About the solar system is called the solar envelope
Solar wind blows a bubble
About our solar system
The sun is like a big mother
Already made a bubble of charged particles
And the associated magnetic fields that protect us
Of the cosmic rays that come
From outside the solar system
The next cosmic rays
Collide with solar wind
Most of them turn into space
Without this draw in the spaces of space to destroy us
Like anything else in nature
Solar wind is a double edged sword
They can hurt us here on the ground
But it also protects us
Of those materials
There are many models in the universe
Where you think nothing
It is at first dangerous and very destructive
It can be protective
And solar wind one of them
Yes, there are those particles
High energy coming from the sun
But the impact of solar wind
Protect our entire solar system
Of more dangerous particles
The protective bubble is making its way
Through dust and gases
Where the solar system revolves
I'm talking about the center of the galaxy
They make their way as the boat moves through the water
A wave is slowing down
Solar wind to be stopped
Where it collides with materials
Outside the solar system, into interstellar space
And here
NASA explorers found the boundaries
"Interstellar") or "IPX"
On a very strange and completely unexpected phenomenon
The mission of "Ipex" already exists
A huge emitter of hydrogen gas
The biggest thing we saw
In our solar system so far
It may be the result of interaction
The magnetic field of our solar system
With a larger magnetic field for the galaxy
Scientists believe that interaction
Between the solar wind of the sun and the outside
And the interstellar medium of the galaxy's inward drive
The particles are trapped in a huge bar
... The length of the ribbon is about a hundred billion miles
Making it the largest particle in our solar system
It's interesting to know
For these long structures at the edge of the solar system
Because frankly, no one expected it
No one organized it
So by seeing something we never expected before
That is how we learn
And so the flag advances
IPEX "and its technology in the 21st century"
Tell us amazing new things about our solar system
But its old technique has not
It was drained from the 1970s
Has been sending the most exciting news
Of the outer border
After traveling for about forty years
Voyager continues to send messages to us
Around the strange areas of huge magnetic bubbles
And a high-energy giant competitor
It explodes from our solar system
In the past few decades
We realized that our perception of the solar system
He was missing ninety percent of the picture
25 years ago, we thought Pluto
It was the limit of the planets at least in our solar system
But we now know there is
Many others like Pluto are there
So the limits of the solar system have not only widened
But we became more aware
For our need for further learning
Our newest eyes in the sky
Staring in these areas
The most remote of our being next door
We are beginning to learn about the vast system of criminality
In the outer part of our solar system
Increasing our techniques
We continue to discover more
And more UFOs
And our image of the reality of the solar system
Changed as a result of our ability to improve our eyes
But it is a very old technique that really takes us
To those limits
When NASA launched Voyager-A in 1977
They thought it might work for five years
After 37 years, this small space probe
Still sending us amazing information
, In August 2012
It was 11 billion miles from Earth
He left the solar field
The edge of the solar system is completely mysterious
The atmosphere of the sun
Interstellar space
This edge is the intersection of these two extremes
It is a place where our neighborhood ends
The neighborhood begins
three hundred fifty
00:17:25,533 --> 00:17:28,568
"I was struck by news that" Voyager
It was at the edge of the solar system
This is a complete area of ??the solar system
We hardly know anything about it
For the first time in the history of mankind
We have an automatic probe that lies in its center
Measures what goes around
It was amazing
We can say for the first time, even a limited scope
That human type is interstellar
We are now out among the stars
When our brave little probe looked between the stars
On the solar system
He had a surprise for us
We thought that the solar field was in the form of a comet
With a huge tail extending hundreds of billions of miles back
But Voyager discovered something new and amazing
No solar field found
In the form of a giant tail
He found a halo shape with two short sleeves
This is a very important observation
Because they teach us something new
It teaches us the basic form
Of the solar field
I mean it's a long time
We had the simplest picture
But we have the details now
We know that he has some compositions
We can start with that
Let us begin and begin with deep understanding
For the area around the sun
The tail is the wind
Solar High Power
The reason for these jets is pressure
Or interaction between the magnetic field
... for the galaxy in the background and those particles
Charged particles are fast
The flow from the sun
Voyager also sent us shocking news
About the edge of the influence of the sun
Perhaps the edge of the solar field is not quite clear
It is not a dividing line
Is not a definite end
In fact, it is an extended area that is not clear
It's hundreds of millions of miles away
In the middle
... monitoring Voyager is something strange
A ball of huge magnetic bubbles
We thought the solar magnetic field
Scattered at this point
But this did not happen
What they discovered was the magnetic field lines
Of the sun has intertwined
To make a magnetic composition foam thin bubbles
This was a surprise, and an exciting surprise
When the magnetic field of the sun is rippled
It wilts and intertwined
The lines intersect and connect again
To be giant magnetic bubbles
Each bubble is foamy
With a width of about 100 million miles, and that's phenomenal
It is the distance from the earth to the sun
Thousands of them surround the solar system
No one was sure what to do
Those are magnetic bubbles
But it is possible
This is a bubble
Cosmic is the first line of defense
In front of Hungarian radiations
It helps protect the solar system
Of the global aggression
Think about how much technology is different
Since the launch of Voyager until today
No one had a phone in his pocket
I mean no one was even able to
Make a long distance phone call
Across the ocean without being in great distress
But with this old technique
We are learning now
On the edge of the solar system
Imagine what we will learn in the next 50 years
Voyager "after the edge of the solar field now"
Travel through interstellar space
But have you already left the solar system?
Not really
There is a lot of solar system out there
"To pass it" Voyager
And will have to travel for several centuries
And thousands of years before that
The real solar system is leaving
It 's outside the atmosphere of the sun
But did not pass the sun's gravity
"When we go out, we travel in Quiber Belt
Behind the orbit of Pluto, right?
This is too far
Beyond that, we have the edge of the solar field
The area of ??the magnetic field of the sun
So you might think you're at the end of the solar system
But guess
There are still things
Are related to our solar system
,From time to time
Something sends those things accelerating towards the sun
The earth may turn its way
In the far reaches of the solar system
Far from the solar field
We are blind
We can not see in this dimension
But sometimes messengers come from behind
Deadly Messengers .. Comets
There are essentially two comets
There are short comets
The other type of comets are long cycle
"Comets come short-circuited from Quiber's belt
This disc is the remnants of space beyond the planets
She travels around the solar system
In relatively small circles
Returns at regular intervals every 200 years or less
Long comets are more mysterious
Comets may return a long cycle
Almost every thousand years
Or even every million years
Unlike short-comets comets
Which come in circles
Long comets come in rotary orbits
They can come
From everywhere and from different directions
This tells us that they come from a different place
We think the comets are long cycle come from place
,Too far
It is very much like a spherical cloud
For things too far away
Which rush towards the sun all the time
When the culprit approaches, the sun warms it up
The ice turns to gas, and the comet loses a mass
Over time, those comets will disappear
But it continues to come
This confirms her stock there
But where is there?
Where do you come from?
One of the explanations of these strange comets
It's probably not our solar system
The galaxy may be filled with snow
Which sometimes flows on us
Then we thought
They probably come from another part of the solar system
Perhaps our solar system is surrounded
A reel of waste
... from the early days of its formation
"Ort cloud"
It has been assumed to have a stock
A huge cloud surrounds the solar system in millions
Billions, or even trillions of those snow bodies
But we never saw it
Ort cloud
This is the default group
Of comets, are those objects
It's virtual
Not observed at all
The bodies in the Ort cloud are very far away
Small and very dim
So that we never noticed anything
There is in the Ort cloud
Something must fall
To see things fall
Of all those different angles
From there, you can figure out what is there
But the aggregation of huge numbers to build the Ort cloud
Is a very difficult task
You need a powerful computer
"Luckily there is Kevin Walsh
We are here in the heart of a modern supercomputer
On those pregnant thousands of processors
Working day and night to analyze computer models
To understand the evolution of our solar system
And what is there in the edge
"Here's the supercomputer" Janus
"In" Boulder - Colorado
In supercomputers like this
There are thousands of processors
Tens of thousands of competing nuclei
You can do more than
One hundred trillion accounts per second
In such a machine
We need this
If we want to try to understand the evolution
Hundreds of millions of comets over billions of years
Compare what I can do with a paper
There is no comparison
Using a super computer
Astronomers can start assembling an image
Of the large invisible cloud
... and start with what we can see
Comets that rush toward the sun
We will not see the Ort cloud unless a guilty person comes
So we need to estimate times
One comes right
Which will make it pass close to the sun
We can observe it
, We can then reverse and say
We see one in ten "
"Years of about the same size
Then we say, "For this, there must be billions
"And billions of them make the cloud of Ort
Accounts show that the Ort cloud
It hosts up to a trillion of ice
Stretching very far from the edge of the solar field
Hard to calculate
Extent of the Ort cloud
But perhaps its edge
Beyond the sun ten thousand
Time from the Earth's distance to the sun
Trillion miles .. one followed by twelve zero
It is very huge ... very vast ... much wider
, Of the solar planetary system
So that if you remove all the planets from the sun
Will not be affected until the Ort cloud
How exactly
Do the snowy clouds come here?
A comic way of thinking about the Ort cloud
They are the parts of the planets that are never used
It's already wasteful
The Ort cloud did not come as an original
If true
The Ort cloud formed when they tried
But they failed to enroll in training
To become giant planets
In contrast, it was thrown in all directions
It is now halfway to the next star
It is a giant spherical spread
4.6 billion years ago, our sun lit up
A cloud of dust and gas revolves around the newborn star
Then gravity began to work
Attracts gas, dust, ice and rocks
To be the nascent planets
The planets formed from structural units
... smaller parts of materials
Rocks and ice
Materials have come together over time
Rampage of rotating materials
Behind the remains on the body
Rocky ruins in the asteroid belt
Ice in the Quiber belt
Then Neptune and Uranus participated in the event
Lenathan rubble farther away
But think about what happened
... when there are bodies falling together
All kinds of small rocks under the influence of gravity
Some will push around the planet
The space is tossed away
Most of them were thrown out of the solar system forever
Which did not happen to it
Continued in those circular orbits
A million miles long
This is the Ort cloud
Billions of snow rocks
It was tossed in all directions
Until it formed a ball of snakes
Around the entire solar system
Orbit cloud comets
Are the bones of the dinosaurs to form the solar system
Contains ingredients
Which met to form planets
It is a time capsule than the solar system
4.5 billion years ago
Most of the Ort cloud
You will stay in this snowy cloud forever
It revolves around the distant sun
But some will fail
Attracted by the sun's gravity
Inwardly as furniture is attracted by glare
A guilty person may sneak into you
Without even knowing its existence
These comets may be several miles wide
It moves very fast
Sometimes even a hundred miles per second
This makes them very dangerous
How serious is it?
Ask Dinosaura
Some people believe that a huge collision
Who wiped dinosaurs
Perhaps caused by a huge comet of Ort cloud
It can be dangerous
Like asteroids that we considered
Responsible for the extinction of the earth
Comets fall from a very distant place
So it moves faster than asteroids
This is why their collisions are larger
Even if a small particle displays a mile or two
It may cause a lot of destruction
But many of the Ort cloud comets
Which come to the inner solar system is very huge
Imagine if he were one of them
With a width of thirty or fifty miles, it will be a global disaster
We have no warning
Because we have no idea
For the substance that is thrown from the cloud Ort us
Our enemy may be remote
The biggest secrets of the solar system
A wicked twin of our sun
... a second star within our solar system
"Nemesis" = "our enemy"
We have updated our virtual knowledge
Of the solar system
To about 9 trillion miles after the planets
But we are still working in the dark
"Carl Sagan said." We are in the Magellanic era
"We are not in the era of Columbus"
What does this mean?
I mean we know the basic parameters
, For our solar system
We know the planets
We know of the Kuiper belt and the Ort cloud
But we do not know the details
We did not actually visit one of those places
We do not know geography
So we are currently filling the map
We have developed
, The presence of about two trillion in the Ort cloud
A ball of waste
, Of the composition of the solar system
And occasionally
One of these objects drips on us
The important question is, why does one decide to come suddenly?
What worries her?
What drives them to fall
And approach the inner solar system?
There are so many different ideas
For that reason
Some found signs of a series of disasters
Which virtually wiped out life on Earth
The fossil record appeared in the presence
Periodic series of mass extinctions
Every 26 million years
It seems to be something
He was hit by a cloud of Ort
Periodically dispersing comets
Which opens up fierce prospects
When we look at the stars
Note that most of them are in pairs
Sometimes they may be
Very far apart
It may take up to millions
Years to turn around
So the question seems normal
The sun is a companion
Did not we discover some for his distance?
It is amazing to think that to the sun
Brother or sister at the moment
Because we know that more
Of half the stars in our galaxy
-100 billion stars-
In binary, triple or quadruple systems
So the only star is an exception
Is this distant star responsible
About Ort cloud cloud?
What may have happened is that every 26 million years
This partner star crosses the Ort cloud
The orbits are down
Comets are pushed in all directions
Some come to the inner solar system
It hits the ground and causes collective destruction
The name of this dangerous double star
"Sun partner is" Nemesis
Nemesis has its problems
The attraction of the mysterious star that you are sure
By passing the Ort cloud
Comets may be sent periodically
Rushing towards the sun and the earth
But if the sun had a companion star
It should be easily visible
"You think if that star" Nemesis
It should be visible
Stars are of course bright
But the theory here is that Nemesis is a dwarf star
Maybe he's a brown dwarf
It will be very small
That is why it is hardly bright
The brown dwarf is not a star or a planet
It's something between them
A lean star never lighted
The stars light up when gravity is crushed
Pull the vast hydrogen gas together
High pressures and temperatures are generated
If there is not enough gas
There will not be enough gravity to ignite a nuclear fire
He did not become a star
On the other hand, it is bigger than the buyer
One on a thousandth of the mass of the sun
These things are heating up
But does not explode like the star does
It is hard to see because it is too dark
But may contain a large block
There is a dwarf built somewhere in there
Comets drive us in equal intervals?
The brown dwarf run for these
The degree will be blind to us to see
But it will be hot enough
We can find it using infrared
With infrared telescopes
Heat can capture something
Even if it does not send a light
Something like brown dwarf
Even if it does not glow with visible light
It must produce heat
There are always flights that wipe the entire sky
If there were a dwarf aged four billion years
Somewhere near the sun you will be spotted
"So far, Nemesis has not been found
If there was no star "Nemesis" there
Is there anything else that messes with the Ort cloud?
Another theory assumes a relatively large planet
The size of the earth, for example
It runs far behind Neptune
But monitoring a planet with this dimension
Harder than monitoring a dwarf star
The farther the planet was from the sun, the darker it was
And more difficult to see
So there may be a planet the size of the earth
The sun is several billion miles away
It will be invisible to our current encounters
There is still an opportunity to have something the size of the earth
, Away in the Ort cloud
He moves the bodies
"This was the last nail in the coffin of Nimes' theory
We may never know what to say
Ort cloud objects from orbit
But it's not the only one there
We still do not know where the solar system ends
Search for the edge of the solar system
Helps us with a bigger problem
To understand the entire solar system
How do you realize the whole solar system
Without revealing his edge?
Probably the biggest puzzle ever
That our sun has many particles
It roams the universe more than its fair share
Probably because our sun is a thief
She stole her sisters and brothers in the womb of the universe
But those extra particles
May be our ticket to get out
When the sun turns the heat on us
25 years ago
The solar system had nine planets in front of our eyes
It is seven billion miles wide
We now know that it is a thousand times bigger
And display more than three light years
The more we look at it, the more it expands
It expands greatly
Somehow we took our order
Solar materials too much
Theoretically, we can calculate the number of comets that have been formed
When the solar system itself
Then we can look
To the number of comets coming from the Ort cloud
We try to find out who is actually there
It is clear that the two figures are quite far apart
The number of comets formed with the sun
Much less
Of the number of comets that we find there
There is a huge amount of material in the Ort cloud
To belong to one medium size star
The only way to balance
Two digits if the sun
Thief when she was formed
Five billion years ago
A great storm burst, sending a shock wave
Across a huge cloud of dust and gas
She pressed the cloud
.. Producing zones of dense gas
Star Nursery
Hundreds of pockets of gases are compressed
Under its appeal
To be hundreds of sister stars
We believe that the sun has formed
With brothers and sisters in clusters
We believe that the sun has formed in a cluster
With 400 or 500 other stars
If we could picture the composition of those stars
They are very small compared to the distance between them
But its cloud of comets is very large
So comets can be stolen from them
, The sun was smart
She walked away when she was at the front
I got a bunch of comets from other stars
Then she went on her way
Some of the objects that are now around us from afar
She may have come from those other young stars
Competing global brothers
It may still be happening now
We may steal the bodies of our brothers and sisters
While deviating from the cloud of our Ort
The nearest star is the Ort cloud
Against the solar system
The Centaur Man
There may be another Ort cloud
About the centaur man
There may be objects interchangeable
Between the two stars
Midway between these two stars we found
The true edge of our solar system
And what happens at the edge
It may be bad news for us
It may be for the centaur man
Effect on life here on earth
Perhaps this star has particles around it
In the Ort cloud its effect is attractive
On our Ort cloud
When something falls, it may be a result
The effect of our nearest star
This means it is not an edge
Tightening and attracting not only infinite
We humans like the edges of the separator like the border
But the solar system is not
It is fading
It mixes in the galaxy as a whole
, The sun does not live alone
As well as our Ort cloud
We interact constantly, in this way
We are linked to a larger environment
Milky Way
This mystery may remind us
Out of the solar system
When the solar system ends
There may be an end to the outside
And the beginning of a new journey
One of the fun things about knowing
Install our solar system
There are lots of other objects
Which we can use as resources
We go out into interstellar space
There are rocks, there is ice
Maybe we can refuel
Our space vehicle when we pass
Perhaps something as distant and fluffy as the Ort cloud
Be our next trip
Let's actually explore the galaxy
We have a lot to learn about the solar system
With many new surprises to explore
Each time we open a new window on the universe
We are surprised, and that's what excites me
I wake up every morning and am surprised if I am not surprised
And by opening up new technologies
Our understanding of what is there also opens
We build better platforms
We send probes to space
We have a lot to learn
This is a really exciting part
Our new eyes of the universe
Show our solar system in a completely new window
We are slowly gathering complex links
Which connects it to our lives and to the color behind them
Every discovery we do about the universe tells us
There is no solar system like an island
So that the materials come from outside and come inside
And graduated from the inside out
And when we gnaw at the outer edges of our solar system
We change what we mean by the solar system
We are taking the first steps outside the planet
And start looking at our environment
This is very structured
The sun is like one voice
In a large chorus of hundreds of billions of other stars
And their own solar systems
I find it emotionally true
We are part of the larger population there
To believe we found everything in our solar system
And the assumption that we know everything
This is not the way science works
The science of pushing boundaries
We continue to do so
In ten years, if we did this program again
I would not be surprised if we talked about new things