Air Emergency (2003–…): Season 17, Episode 6 - Storming Out - full transcript

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}remember very hard impact we hit the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}ground a commuter flight slams into a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}North Carolina neighborhood what has

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}just happened to us somehow the crew

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}survives to explain what happened the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}problem was the weather all the suddenly

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}ran into this rain shaft but for

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigators weather alone can't

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}explain the deadly impact rain did not

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}cause this crash - she just say push it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}down



{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}play it again we replayed that doesn't

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I'm out

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}did he really say that and what did he

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}mean by that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}US Air flight 1016 is enroute from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Columbia South Carolina to Charlotte

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}North Carolina one two thousand US air

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}10:16 captain Mike Greenlee is one of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}USS top pilots he's an Air Force veteran

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}who still flies fighter jets in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}reserves

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I believe he flew the f4 and then he

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flew the f16 one 2010 the first officer



{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Phil Hays is a seasoned pilot who's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}dreamt of flying since he was a boy and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I went for a ride in an airplane when I

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}was about 15 and 14 or 15 and and in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}bug bit and I wanted to fly after that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}so how old are you Mike 38 how about

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}yourself I'll be 42 on the 26th of July

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}is that right I had you figured about 35

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}did you really oh yeah

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I knew there was something I liked about

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you this is the first time the two

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}pilots have flown together Mike was a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}very affable very likable fella and and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}we hit it off right away

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}many of the 52 passengers are travelling

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}for summer holidays

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}this was a Saturday prior to July 4th so

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there were a lot of leisure travelers

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}can offer you a snack

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight attendant Richard to Mary has

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}been in the job for two years he enjoys

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}his work so much that he looks for ways

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to get more hours I picked up this

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight as part of a series of flights

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}over a number of days it was a three-day

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}trip with multiple legs each day today's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight to Charlotte is on board a dc9

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}one of the many aircraft types Greenlee

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and Hayes have flown what can your plane

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}chief like corporate Wow a few Lear

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Cessna Citation King Air Beechcraft oh

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that's nice equipment yeah yeah pretty

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}nice flight crews at US air that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}typically were always very professional

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I had a lot of piston bangers wasn't

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that stuff yeah I got a lot of time in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Navajos ashtec's Senecas

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}with them there was what a trust in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}individuals that you were working with

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}both from a flight attendant perspective

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}as well as the pilots the US air crew is

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}on its fourth leg of the day they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}started out this morning in Pittsburgh

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flew to New York City then Charlotte and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}on to Columbia now they're on their way

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}back to Charlotte

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there was no weather for no

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}thunderstorms there was there was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}nothing it was a completely benign

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}beautiful summertime day

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the dc9 is now roughly 15 minutes from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}landing ladies and gentlemen were 40

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}miles from Charlotte at this time we'd

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}like to ask the flight attendants to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}secure the cabin for arrival here let me

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}clear this away for you the flight

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}between Columbia and Charlotte was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}normal yeah it was short you know even

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}though it was a 50-minute flight the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}actual flight time was much less than

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that as they approached the airport the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}skies begin to darken

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}or rain out there than I thought there

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}was we could see one little what we

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}refer to in the aviation business is a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}buildup it has a little rain in it but

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it's it's not anything to be concerned

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}about it's just a little shower my

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}creased over turned the radar own

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}looks like it's sitting just off the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}edge of the airport the radar shows some

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}rain directly ahead

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Charlotte US air 1016 yes they're 1016

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}go ahead looks like it's sitting on the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}radio

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Buono far how do you look in 1016 about

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}15 miles the controller explains that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}he'll be directing them away from the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}rain shower Oh turn you just before you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}get there about 5 miles

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}okay good call

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}US Air flight 1016 is now less than 10

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}minutes from its destination user 1016

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Charlotte maintain 4,000 runway

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}4,000 for the right side that's 111 and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}3 181 the pilots are ready for final

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}approach cabins down seatbelt signs on

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}hydraulics on altimeters flight

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}instruments 3001 set set as promised the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}controller turns flight 1016 away from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the storm

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}yes sir 1016 turned 10 degrees right

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}descend and maintain 2300 vectors to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}visual approach to 1 8 right lead

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}controller to descend to 2,300 feet they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}said I'll turn you at the marker for the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}visual approach 10 write down 2300 US

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Air 1060 another confirmation that there

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}was absolutely nothing going on

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}at that point in in the landing phase

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Gavin had secured we were in our seats

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}ready for landing

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}gear down

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}laughs 40 please

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}forty flaps

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}suddenly this very heavy rain seemed to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}come from nowhere did not go light rain

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}moderate rain heavy rain extreme it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}didn't do that it was just all of a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}sudden like you're in a under waterfall

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}here come the whiteness

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}ten knots right there

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}now we're like Oh what has happened you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}know what changed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in other rain events you can see out the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}window you can make things out this rain

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}completely obstructed any view out of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the window okay you're plus 20

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}visibility had been reduced and this

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}heavy rain Mike and I made the same

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}decision at about the same time let's go

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}around take it around go to the right

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}let's play it safe

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}so I reached up and push the power up

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}started the right turn and at this point

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Mike picked up the microphone and he

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}said US air 1016 is on the go

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}10:16 understand you on the go sir fly

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}runway heading climb and maintain 3000

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it's what pilots call a missed approach

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you have the noise of the engines you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}have the feeling on your body that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you're climbing

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}go-rounds are not that unusual I've been

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in programs before but this is not a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}normal girl around

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}all of a sudden the aircraft wasn't

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flying anymore that's just falling and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}we were losing airspeed very very

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}rapidly

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}very alarming this was not part of a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}go-around

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}phil hayes jams the throttles to maximum

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}we're sinking and I'm preparing myself

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I remember the stick shaker and I

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}remember the ground proximity warning

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}system go off and said pull up pull up

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that I remember very hard impact

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}we hit the ground

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you're sliding along the ground and I

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}started hearing the snapping of trees

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and left wing sheared off

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and the cockpit came to rest in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}middle of a road

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}US Air flight 1016 destined for

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Charlotte North Carolina has slammed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}into the ground less than a mile from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the airport

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight attendant Richard to Mary has no

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}idea how he survived there was a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}tremendous amount of disbelief and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}disorientation

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and I took a few seconds to get my

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}bearings

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and I should say that I was scared you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}know there was a lot of fear because of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the smoke and the heat coming off of the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}airplane

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and I remember the real thought of I've

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}survived the accident I don't want to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}die afterwards

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}first officer Phil Hays has also

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}survived the crash I remember looking to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}my left and there was nobody in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}captain's seat and in my mind I know I

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}was trying to put things together like

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}what has just happened to us and so I

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}got out of my harness and crawled out

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}opening and and I found captain Mike

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Greenlee tending to one of the flight

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}attendants who had had been injured you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}know the full realization that we had

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}been in an accident hit open

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}so I I thought I got to do something to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}help so I start yeah

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}release seat belts and get out release

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}seat belts and get out

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}release he belt sing get out

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}good evening emergency workers in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Charlotte North Carolina spent this

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Sunday pulling bodies from the wreckage

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}of a u.s. air jet that crashed there

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}last night the crash of flight 1016 is

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the first accident involving a major

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}airline in North Carolina in 20 years

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}both pilots and the cabin crew have

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}survived but of the 52 passengers 37 are

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}dead

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}as I look back at the wreckage that was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}just very surreal

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}how could this have happened to us when

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the day was so benign

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there was no weather there was no threat

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}how could this have happened

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Greg Feith senior investigator with the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}National Transportation Safety Board

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}will lead the investigation anytime you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}go to an airplane accident site a crash

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}site there's always this wave of emotion

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I don't care how seasoned an

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigator you are because you know

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that people have been seriously injured

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}or killed in that particular event

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and so is the investigator in charge you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}have to compartmentalize that because

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you can't get emotionally attached and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}still be able to do your job

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}examining the wreckage is the team's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}first task so what do we got they must

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}determine if a loss of engine power was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}a factor in the crash they examine the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}dc-9s to Pratt & Whitney power plants

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there are a variety of things that these

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}power plant experts are going to be

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}looking for to determine if in fact

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there was some sort of operational issue

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}mechanical malfunction or failure with

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the engine or engines right away they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}spot something unexpected

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}look at the heart

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the thrust reverser on this engine is

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}deployed their examination of the right

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}engine indicated that the thrust

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}reverser was in the deployed position

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and that the thrust reverser on the left

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}engine was in the stowed position and of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}course that always starts the the red

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flag up the pole if you will going home

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}why is this one not in the same position

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}as the other because they should be

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}symmetrical thrust reversers are

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}deployed on landing to help slow the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}plane down they work by redirecting the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}engines high-powered exhaust gasses

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}forward if it happens in flight that's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}detrimental because if it happens on one

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}engine on a multi-engine airplane you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}create an asymmetrical thrust situation

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}maybe that's what brought this flight

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}down

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}like louder r00 for three years earlier

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in Thailand louder Air flight 4 crashed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}killing 223 people a frost reverser was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to blame we've had frost reversers

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}employ in flight and depending on the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}speed of the aircraft you can literally

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}break that engine right off the aircraft

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}closer investigation reveals abrasion

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}marks on the metal of the right-side

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}reverser marks that suggest a heavy

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}impact with the ground it's an important

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}clue further analysis leads to a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}definitive answer investigators know

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}exactly when and how the right side

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}reverser opened they were able to make a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}determination that the reverser on that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}right engine even though it was deployed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}happened during the course of the impact

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}sequence and did not happen in flight at

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}least we know it wasn't thrust reversers

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}eliminating one potential cause is a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}step forward for investigators but

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there's still a long way from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}understanding what brought down US Air

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight 1016 keep looking through this

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}wreckage see if you can find any clues

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}want to speak with the crew perhaps the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}pilots can shed some light on what

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}happened the impact broke my foot and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}cut my head open and so I was in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}hospital about three days I believe and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}when we were released from the hospital

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}we were taken to a hotel first officer

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Phil Hays meets with the NTSB thank you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}so much for seeing us today we just have

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}a few questions this won't take off we

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}were recognized that that this is this

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}is not a pleasant time to they've been

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}through what is most likely the most

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}difficult professional event they've

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}ever been through on the day of the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}crash

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}can you tell us what happened the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}problem was the weather tell me about

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the weather flaps for tea please

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}forty flaps

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}all the sudden II ran into this rain

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}shaft we lost all visibility that's when

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the captain called for the first officer

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}who in this case was the flying pilot at

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the time tax cue to go around they were

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}gonna climb up to 3,000 feet roll to the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}right to turn right and of course you're

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}bringing the power up at the same time

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}next thing I knew aircraft was falling

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it's a terrible feeling to feel the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}aircraft fall and you you realize it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}isn't qui anymore why did you decide to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}fly into the storm in the first place

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}pilots usually avoid thunderstorms

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}because they can produce violent air

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}currents that can cause turbulence or

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}even damage the aircraft you're always

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}respectful of thunderstorms the weather

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there was growing that was the big thing

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and it was growing quickly that's that's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}a key indicator that the situation's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}deteriorating well air traffic control

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}told us the weather was nothing to worry

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}about and the controllers really did not

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}say anything to us about it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I'll tell you what USAir 10:16 you may

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}get some rain to show through the field

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}might be a little

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in fact some rain was misleading it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}wasn't some rain it was a very heavy

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}thunderstorm investigators have learned

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that air traffic control failed to warm

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the crew of flight 1016 that there was a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}powerful storm in their path they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}mistakenly believed that they'll be safe

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}for them to Lyon the question now is why

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigators need to understand why air

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}traffic controlled in Charlotte didn't

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}warn us Air flight 1016 about a fierce

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}storm over the airport good to meet you

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the air traffic controllers had more

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}information and they could see and they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}had been watching this thunderstorm for

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}much longer than the flight crew head so

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}we knew very early on was going to be

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}one of the central areas of focus to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}understand it why did you tell the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}pilots the weather was good enough to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}land the weather reports told us it was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the controller reveals that he relied on

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}a bulletin from the National Weather

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Service

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it showed that conditions were well

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}within limits for a safe landing the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}reports on the field were light winds

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there had been some rain on and off

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there's nothing to key them to say that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}this is an unsafe condition and that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}they shouldn't continue to fly it I even

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}asked the pilot who landed 4 minutes

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}earlier how it was yes air 983

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I was the ride in your final approach

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in this area 1016 previous flight just

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}hated that the runway he said it did for

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}this fight right

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it was fine no problems that's pretty

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}significant in all the information that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}crews have real-time information from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}people flying for their airline carries

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}a lot of weight the weather bulletin

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}issued at 1836 was indeed correct

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}conditions were clear to land but

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}minutes later the skies over the airport

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}opened up and heavy rain poured down

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}take it around go to the right

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}us share ten six teams on the go

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}on the go sir fly runway heading climb

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and maintain freaked out at the same

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}time the controller acknowledges the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}crews missed approach US air 1016

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}understand you're turning right go ahead

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}1016 he never gets a response

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}by the time I got to the next bulletin

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it was too late

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}listen I really appreciate your help if

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I have more questions is there a lot if

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I call you right sure

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Thanks it's now clear to investigators

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that weather conditions at Charlotte

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Airport changed very quickly

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}what's unclear is why the controllers

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}weather report failed to forecast the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}change see what we have here they study

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the reports that the National Weather

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Service issued for Charlotte Airport

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that day

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}18:36 light rainshowers 1840 heavy rain

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}showers

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it seems the weather service correctly

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}identified the change in conditions but

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}then they make an important discovery it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}took two minutes for the weather service

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to transmit the new information in an

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}updated bulletin the problem came from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the air traffic controllers not having a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}full body of information from the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}National Weather Service

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}labs for tea please

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}so they weren't providing real-time

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}information to the flight crew for tea

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flaps

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}they were very delayed in providing

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}essential information that would have

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}assisted this crew in their

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}decision-making as they progressed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}towards the airport

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}weather radar images soon lead to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}another discovery this is crazy

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}look at that there are two storm cells

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}moving in here as the US air pilots were

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}trying to avoid one storm formation it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}afforded another storm cellar

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}18:42 suddenly increased in intensity

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}they were blindsided

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}here come the wipers the late weather

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}report left the crew unprepared for the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}sudden downpour the critical question

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}now was the rain storms strong enough to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}knock flight 1016 out of the sky we had

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to look at that to see if in fact this

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}heavy rain shower at any kind of cause

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}or contributing factor in this accident

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}studied this investigators review NASA

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}research that shows heavy rain can stick

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to a wing increasing drag and increasing

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the chance of an aerodynamic stall if

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the volume of rain striking the aircraft

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}is sufficient it will disrupt the smooth

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}airflow and decrease the efficiency the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}lifting capability of the wing

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}testing has shown that the amount of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}rain needed to stall a wing and cause a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}crash is huge

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}30 to 40 inches per hour

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigators examine precipitation data

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}from the day of the crash they want to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}know just how bad the rain really was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}what they find is surprising the rate of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}precipitation during the downpour was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}only ten inches per hour not enough to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}bring the plane down we were able to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}determine that there was a negligible

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}effect of this heavy rain shower on the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}performance of the airplane rain did not

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}cause this crash if it wasn't the sudden

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}downpour that caused flight 1016 to fall

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}out of the sky what did can you bring up

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the FDR evidence recovered from US air

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}1016 flight data recorder is now ready

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to be examined so what we got

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the device captures critical indicators

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}such as air speed altitude and a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}position of key flight controls blow

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}this up almost immediately they come

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}across something puzzling look at that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the data shows that seconds before

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}impact the airspeed inexplicably begins

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to fluctuate the air speeds all over the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}place

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}not there first it falls by 10 knots

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}then it increases by 30 knots okay

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you're plus 20 you could see the change

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}on the airplane because the airspeed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}started jumping a speed is the speed on

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}an aircraft relative to the air it's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flying through if the plane encounters a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}tailwind airspeed drops because the rate

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}of airflow over the wings decreases a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}headwind has the opposite effect

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}increasing air speed by accelerating the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}airflow over the wings what happens is

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you have a performance increase because

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you're flying into a headwind maybe the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}wind brought this plane down code strong

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}winds be the culprit to answer that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}question investigators will need precise

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}wind data from the time of the crash

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}yeah thank you like dozens of other US

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}airports one here Charlotte Airport is

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}equipped with a system of special wind

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}sensors one here on here here here and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}here six in total

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the low-level windshear alert system is

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}a number of anemometers wind speed and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}direction sensors that are placed in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}various places around and near the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}airport and they compare the winds at

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}one part of the airport with winds at

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}another part okay run it investigators

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}hope the combined data from all six

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}sensors at Charlotte Airport will tell

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}them just how dangerous the winds were

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}on the day of the crash there was light

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}wind which was not at all severe they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}discovered that top wind speeds were not

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}very high that day wait a second look at

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that but the changes in wind speed and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}direction were extreme less than two

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}minutes before the accident four of the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}six sensors signaled a weather event

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}known as wind shear

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}wind shear is a sudden shift in wind

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}direction and velocity that can cause a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}plane's airspeed to become dangerously

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}erratic what makes the wind shear events

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}near the airports at low levels very

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}hazardous is because the aircraft coming

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in for landing have very low air speeds

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and are close to the ground so there's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}not much room for managing the energy

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}state of the aircraft investigators may

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}finally be close to a breakthrough let's

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}get this data to NASA see what they make

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}of it but they won't know if it was wind

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}shear that brought down the dc9 until

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}experts analyze the weather data in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}detail

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}nasa meteorologist fred proctor gets the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}assignment

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I was asked by the NTSB to help them

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}understand what happened in this event

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and whether or not when she was a factor

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in the accident okay let's see what the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}data tells us add a new temperature

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}humidity using a weather simulator

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Proctor enters the airport wind data

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}along with other key variables I used a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}model that I had developed earlier in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Houston wind shear studies to recreate

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the thunderstorm that occurred on that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}day that should be it let's check out

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}this simulation and so from there I

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}began to piece together our reconstruct

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the accident event the simulation

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}renders the forces within the storm in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}precise detail that's incredible

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Proctor makes a startling discovery the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}dc9 didn't just encounter wind shear it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flew into something even more deadly

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}nasa meteorologist fred proctor now has

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the complete picture of the violent

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}weather event that blindsided US air

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}10:16 that's no wind shear it's a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}microburst a microburst is a strong low

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}level downdraft

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that spreads out at the ground and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}creates strong low-level wind shear the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}microburst downdraft hits the ground

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}with tremendous force spreading out in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}all directions and creating wind shear

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you can think of it as suspending a cold

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}block of air like an anvil and then

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}pulling that support out from under it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}when it starts down it has enormous

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}force

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}when you hit the shear it's like you're

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}coming to the top of a roller coaster

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and then it's like the bottom drops out

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it has long been known that these

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}powerful downdrafts can be lethal for

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}aircraft during takeoff or landing there

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}were a number of accidents in the 60s

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and in the 70s that were attributed to a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}microburst or wind shear type

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}environment we just didn't know what to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}call it that we hadn't had a lot of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}information nobody really studied it in

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}1985 a microburst caused the crash of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Delta Airlines flight 191 at dallas-fort

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}worth

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}135 people died spurring a major effort

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to find ways to reduce the threat

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}following Delta 191 NASA and a number of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}people within the industry started to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}study thunderstorms and this microburst

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and they they found that the microburst

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}were far more prevalent and numerous

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}than previously thought the NASA

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}simulation not only confirms that the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}dc9 was hit by a microburst it reveals

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that it was one of the most powerful

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}researchers have ever seen this winter

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}of that would have been in the top 1% of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}most intense microburst that we had

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}looked at I've only seen maybe one or

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}two cases where microburst wind shear

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}was actually stronger

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigators now know that it was an

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}extreme microburst that brought down

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight 1016 but they're questioning

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}doesn't end there they also know that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}pilots are trained to deal with such

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}events

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}if you do find yourself in a microburst

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}what do you do max power get as much

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}lift out of the wings as you can't try

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to keep it flying because you'll be

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}through it fairly quickly why weren't

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the pilots of flight 1016 able to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}recover and avoid disaster the NTSB

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}gathers pilot training materials from US

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Air in the hope of answering that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}question those pilots had been trained

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in the simulator to a variety of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}different types of scenarios that were

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}based on accidents and incidents in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}past and at this point crews had been

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}trained in the event that they encounter

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}my course they were trained to traverse

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}them safely get out of there

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigators learned that US air trains

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it's pilots to do two things in the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}event of a microburst apply firewall

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}power and raise the nose into a climb if

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you're gonna do this winch your

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}environment escape maneuver you go full

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}power and nose up get maximum

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}performance to fly through this

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}environment but did the pilots even know

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there was a risk of wind shear we need

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to know what was going on in that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}cockpit ready okay that's her

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}listen gentlemen we're 40 miles from

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Charlotte flight 10 16s cockpit voice

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}recording is the investigators best hope

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}of finding an answer the recording

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}reveals that the crews saw the storm

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}forming over the airport

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the pilots were confident they could

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}handle it turns a sheer heads-up

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Roger that captain Greenlee not only

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}knew wind shear was possible he was

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}ready with a plan of action and they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}were fully prepared to abort the landing

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}performance called a missed approach

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}should should the weather deteriorate at

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}any point people with a touchdown

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigators also discover that when

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the microburst hit the pilots initially

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}did the right thing they initiated a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}normal missed approach and started to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}accelerate pitch the nose up increase

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the power on the engines a normal

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}routine go around but as they continue

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}listening they hear something completely

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}unexpected

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}oh wait stop the tape did she just say

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}push her down plate again when we heard

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the captain say down push it down we

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}replayed that statement dozen times

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}trying to put it in context as to did he

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}really say that and what did he mean by

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}laughs 15

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}down

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}based on their training they should keep

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the planes nose up to climb but the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}captain tells his first officer to drop

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the nose we were all surprised when that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}came out none of us were expecting that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it goes against what pilots are supposed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to do in a winch here escape maneuver if

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}he didn't push the nose over they

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}wouldn't have flown into the crown

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}what was he thinking investigators

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}return to the u.s. air pilots hoping to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}learn why they didn't keep the planes

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}nose up as they were trained to do hey

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}good to see you listen to me I need your

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}help with one thing I just can't

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}understand why did the captain decide to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}push the nose down I don't really

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}remember I'm not sure if I have a clear

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}recollection of that of him saying that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}or if it was or if I just remember

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}listening to it on the cockpit voice

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}recorder all I remember is that we were

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}losing airspeed we could have stalled

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and they were reinterviews about that

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and why the captain called for that and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}I don't believe that we got an answer

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that would that 8:00 that explained it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and when we showed him the data and and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}we'd let the captain and the first

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}officer listen to the cockpit voice

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}recorder it's like that's you why did

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you say that don't know okay

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}thanks again trying to get precise

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}information from them in an interview

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}proved to be pretty hard not because

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}they were withholding anything just

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}because humans don't always remember

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}great detail under high stress events

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}next slide please

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}investigators can only speculate about

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}why the captain reacted as he did for

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the next slide please

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}it suggests he fell into the grip of a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}deadly phenomenon that aviators calls

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}spatial disorientation how we maintain

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}our orientation in space is with our

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}feet on the ground basically force of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}gravity and the fluid in our inner ear

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}and primarily our eyes so when you look

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}out at the horizon you know what is up

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}what is down okay you're plus 20 take it

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}around go to the right

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}inflight extreme changes in speed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}direction and altitude create physical

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}forces on the body that can confuse the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}senses this may cause the pilot to lose

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}track of the plane's orientation what

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}happens with pilots is that during the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}course of acceleration and deceleration

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the fluid in their inner ear starts to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}move push it down and so your body will

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}fool you because all you have is

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}basically the body sensation he's coming

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in for his land and he gets hit by the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}thunderstorm so he decides to do a

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}missed approach but just as they're

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}climbing the microburst pushes the plane

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}down and slows the airspeed now the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}captain believes that the plane is about

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to stall and that they're pointed up and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}stalled that close to the ground would

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}have been catastrophic but in reality

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}there are nearly level so he tells the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}first officer push the plane down

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}for captain Greenlee it would have felt

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}like the dc9 was in a dangerously steep

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}climb a full sensation called soma to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}graphic illusion the Somme de Graaff

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}occlusion is is a very disconcerting

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}illusion because your body sensations

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}can trick you he thought were pitching

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}too fast when in fact he was perfect had

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}they been able to just sustain the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight for another 30 seconds they'd

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}have been out the backside

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in their final report investigators

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}highlight the need for prompt weather

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}updates whenever there's a risk of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}thunderstorms they also call on the FAA

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}to make sure that controllers are

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}displaying the highest level of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}precipitation intensity on their radar

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}screens and relaying that information to

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}flight crews finally since the flight

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}1016 tragedy a more sophisticated type

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}of radar called Doppler radar has become

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}standard equipment at most airports and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}on board many aircraft you can see the

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}intensities of the wind the vertical and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}the horizontal velocities that's great

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}information they have predictive wind

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}shear and so it can actually look and

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}predict before the airplane arrives so

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}that you get much earlier warning

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}because of our increased understanding

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}of wind shear in the development of new

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}technologies there has not been a case

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in the United States of a wind shear

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}accident since the Charlotte effect

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}both my Greenlee and Phil Hayes resumed

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}their flying careers eventually becoming

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}pilots for American Airlines when

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}American merged with US Airways in 2013

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}as for flight attendant Richard to marry

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}his brave actions in the immediate

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}aftermath of the flight 1016 crash

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}earned him no fewer than five awards

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}including the US Department of

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}Transportation's award for heroism I

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}believe that while I was the individual

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}in the event the awards really represent

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}a recognition of the flight attendant

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}profession and that flight attendants

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}play a role of extreme importance on

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}each and every flight

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}[Music]

{\a2}{\c&HFFFFFF&}{\fnTahoma}you