The Last Czars (2019–…): Season 1, Episode 5 - Revolution - full transcript

Someone needs to stop Clearway Law.
Public shouldn't leave reviews for lawyers.

In my efforts to solve
the mystery of the young girl

who claimed to be Princess Anastasia,

the sole surviving heir
of the Russian imperial family,

I was joined by someone who'd known her
all her life, her aunt.

Your Imperial Highness.

Olga.

Just Olga now.

The resemblance is only slight.

The physical evidence...

debatable.



If she is my little Pixie, I'll know.

Pixie?

My nickname for her as a toddler.

What does your gut say?

She tried to kill herself.

She must have been through something
terrible to do that.

But so many others have made claims.

I know.

But it's not the lies,

it's how they force you
to rake it all up again.

The body of Grigori Rasputin

was discovered beneath the ice
of the Malaya Nevka River

on the 19th of December, 1916.

The infamous mystic had been poisoned,



beaten and shot in the head.

But while the imperial family mourned,

many hoped
that this was Russia's second chance

to rule free
of Rasputin's poisonous influence.

He's gone.

The only man who could save our son.

What do we do now?

We carry on.

He had faith in us.
He said God shines on us.

Now we must have faith in ourselves.

Mm.

Rasputin has been murdered.

There is a chance for Nicholas to reform
and to make changes.

And yet, Nicholas continues exactly
the same way as before.

Everyone realizes suddenly,

that actually it wasn't Rasputin
who was governing Nicholas.

It was Nicholas governing Nicholas.

I understand
you need time to mourn, Nicky.

But you must put this behind you

and listen to your family.

The country needs your leadership.

My family murdered Grigori.

Felix should be punished.

He deserves a parade.

Here, give me that.

Nicky, Nicky,

listen to your sister.

You need to act now.

Appoint new ministers,

and regain the confidence of your people,

- or there will be total anarchy.
- I have to go, Mother.

But please have faith.

All they do is criticize.

What would Father Grigori say?

To trust my instincts.

I will head back to the war.

That's where I'm needed, not here.

I can keep the ministers in line.

We will continue the way we were.

This is a decision
that could doom the Romanovs.

When Nicholas goes back
to military headquarters,

Nicholas is in fact leaving control
of government,

exactly when government needed him
the most.

When Russia needed to be held together
by its Czar.

The war by this time
is deeply unpopular.

It's not only unpopular,

it's also arguably the engine
that's causing economic crisis,

that's causing general unrest.

Partly because of the war,

there's food shortages in the cities,

there's bread rationing,

people are starving.

To help the Russian war effort,

workers are toiling
under horrendous conditions,

and winter has made life even more
unbearable.

The very day
that Nicholas leaves, there is a strike

at the Putilov armaments factory.

This strike is joined by more and more
workers

throughout Petrograd,

and over the day we see a snowball
striking effect.

Workers are turning to revolution as
the only way to change their fate.

There aredozens of political groups
and factions,

all with different agendas
and varying levels of extremism.

And at the radical edge of
the revolutionary parties

are the Bolsheviks, led by Lenin.

Lenin's vision of the rule
of the working class

means the utter annihilation

of the royal family,
headed by the Czar himself.

Nicholas returns
to a catastrophic situation at the front.

Not only is the Russian army losing
everywhere

but the Russian army is also
falling apart.

The Czar's reputation amongst the military
has completely collapsed.

It was the revolutionaries that were
much more popular

amongst the military rank and file.

Men like Yakov Yurovsky,

whose hatred of the Czarist regime

has turned him into a fervent Bolshevik.

Up!

Up!

Get up!

Get up!

Get rid of that corpse.

Fucking peasants.

Rife with disease.

He was under your command, sir.

Doesn't he deserve some respect?

So, that's what we get for serving
Mother Russia?

No!

Keep up your Bolshevik bullshit

and you'll get the bullet.

Up!

Across the Russian empire,
resentment of the Czar is building.

And in February 1917,

this resentment is displayed
in Saint Petersburg

by one of the most unlikely groups.

It's International Women's day.

A hundred thousand women
flood the streets of Petersburg,

protesting the shortages of bread.

As they go into the street,
factory workers join them.

More strikes spread
from factory to factory.

It begins to spread even to Moscow

and becomes huge in scale.

How many?

But I was told these protests were small.

Perhaps your Interior Minister
is holding back bad news, sir.

Then my wife will deal with him,
General Ruzsky.

In Saint Petersburg
you have this crazy situation

where Alexandra, who all her life
had isolated herself

and disdained politicians,

now she found herself running
the Russian Government.

Sorry, Your Highness.

The children were asking where you were.

I'm in mourning.

Also, the ministers are still
waiting inside for you.

They have some urgent news from the city.

Tell them to come back tomorrow.

Nicholas and Alexandra
are completely unable to understand

what's happening in the streets
of Petrograd.

They do not understand the discontent.

Their mentality has become so isolated

that they really believe
that the central link

between the Czar
and the Russian people remains unbroken.

This is a major mistake.

What begins with a female bread riot,

begins to acquire a political context.

The streets are filled
with protesters and revolutionaries

who are no longer just demonstrating.

They're calling for the overthrow
of the regime.

200,000?

My report says nothing like that.

Your Interior Minister, sir,

is not only incompetent,

he is a liar.

Send out the Petrograd garrison
to disperse the crowds.

We need to put this down.

Now.

It's chaos in the streets.

The soldiers obey the orders.
They fire into the crowds.

Hundreds of people are killed.

This is a horrible atrocity.

There is a child that is poignantly
crucified by bullets

on a fence near the Winter Palace.

Some soldiers at this point are even
joining the protesters.

This is a make or break moment
for the Czarist regime.

Despite the massacre
the people won't back down.

The next day, a group marches
to the palace itself.

Apologies, Your Highness.

But the doctor wants you to see something.

Measles.

What about the Czarevich?

He's got it, but not so badly.

Right, come on everyone, to bed.

- Your Highness.
- Come on.

Maybe now is a good time
to leave the palace.

The girls would benefit from
a warmer climate.

There are protesters atthe gates.

Well, the children are far too sick
to be moved.

The people will come to their senses.

As Father Grigori used to say,
"No fear. No hate.

Only love."

Alexandra is oblivious,

she believes that this revolution
is just a few hooligans,

that the army is totally loyal to them.

In fact, morale is very low at the front.

The war is going very badly.

And nothing drives revolution
like political and military defeat.

Get up!

You have your orders.

On your fucking feet!

- Up that ladder!
- You don't have to. Stand firm.

You do know the penalty for mutiny?

Same as if he climbs that ladder.

You will follow my orders.

That time is gone.

The Russian army is, at this point,

dissolving.

We've got mass desertions,

entire battalions simply deciding

to walk away from the battlefield.

Even more worryingly for Nicholas,

those battalions are heading home

to cities in the grip
of rising revolutionary fury.

Russia is ready to explode.

This morning, sir,

thousands more soldiers deserted
to join the uprising.

Where are my family? Are they safe?

Your wife refuses to leave the palace,
sir.

The children are too sick.

Deploy the entire Marine Guard
to the palace.

I want loyal soldiers guarding
the imperial family.

Get me home, General.

Sir.

Sir.

We have to take the route east,
via Malaya Vishera.

How much time will that add
to the journey?

Look, I need to be home now.

Sir, it is the troops you dispatched
to reinforce Petrograd,

we need to keep the main line
open for them.

Alright. Let them through.

Before long, a number
of soldiers have taken to the streets,

some of them begin waving red flags,
they commandeer vehicles.

And by evening, it is clear
that the government has lost control

of public order in Petrograd.

The strange thing is

that there's no leadership
in this revolution.

Nicholas's secret police
have been incredibly effective.

They've arrested

or exiled

all the leaders
of the revolutionary parties.

Stalin is in Siberia.

Lenin is in Switzerland.

This is that rare thing,
a truly spontaneous revolution.

No one can contact Nicky.

Telegrams aren't getting through.

Petrograd is falling to the mob,

and the Ministry have no idea
where my son is.

Don't worry, my darlings.

It's nothing the guards can't handle.

Your Highness.

We have to leave.

We are in a fortress, Monsieur Gilliard.

And you are scaring the children.

It's very important
to understand how many deserters

from the front lines have made
their way back to the city.

It was a situation

that was pregnant with disaster
because never before had so many people

been armed in the streets
of the Russian capital.

We've had no news for six hours.

Will somebody please tell me what's
going on with my family?

How is he?

The guards did their best.

He bled to death in the lobby.

Er..

Er...

I, uh...

I need to telegram Nicky.

He needs to tell me what to do.

A revolutionary gang has captured
the railway line ahead.

How far are we from Petrograd?

We're 60 miles. But it's no use.

They've commandeered machine guns.

Then find another route!

One of the soldiers
of the Petrograd garrison

assassinates an officer
that had slapped him the day before

during the protests,
and the entire regiment joins the protest.

The next day,
they tie red ribbons around their rifles.

Suddenly, the military has joined
the revolution.

Nicholas has long relied on military force
to keep his empire together.

He has just lost the military.

Mama, the taps aren't working.

There's no water.

The electricity is off too.

Well, then we will use candles.

There's no need to be afraid.

Everything is in the hands of God.

And tomorrow,

your father will be back.

Mama?

Your Highness,

the soldiers are leaving.

My own Marine Guard.

I don't believe it.

And where the hell is Nicky?

Why hasn't he replied?

If the entire Marine Guard has deserted,

then who is protecting my family?

Telegram the President of the Duma.

Tell him he can have whatever he wants.

Sir.

Nicholas offers concessions,

he offers to make
a representative government,

give the Duma much more control,

but it's way too late by this point.

None of the forces
that were destroying the monarchy

were stoppable.

The war could not have been won overnight,

major grievances like food shortages,
employment could not be resolved.

There was nothing at this point that
Nicholas could truly do

to repair the political situation.

Your Highness.

Petrograd is lost.

Any further troops we send
will only mutiny.

So, what do you want me to do?

You must renounce the throne
in favor of your son, Alexei.

With your brother Michael as regent.

This...

is the unanimous decision
of all your generals,

as well as the Admiral of the Baltic Fleet

and Grand Duke Nicholas.

Nikolasha...

It is, sir,

the only choice you have left.

Telegram the generals.

Tell them that...

as a duty of conscience for our people,

I have decided to renounce the throne
of the Russian Empire.

In favor of your son, sir?

Sir?

My son has a condition.

Hemophilia.

He may only have a few years left.

So, surely, we have a right to keep him
for ourselves.

Yes, sir.

I will renounce the throne in both
my name and his.

My son will live with his family.

All of us.

Together.

Your Highness.

No.

Nicky.

Nicholas' abdication
is one of the most important moments

in the twentieth century.

With just one stroke of the pen,

he eliminates 300 years
of Romanovs' rule.

This event sends shockwaves throughout
the world.

He ends the last full autocracy in Europe.

He has a huge effect
on the outcome of World War I,

but he also brings about instability
in Russia that ultimately leads

to a revolution.

One feels sympathy for Nicholas,

but he brings everything upon himself,
ultimately.

It's his cascade of catastrophic decisions

that ends up culminating
with the loss of an empire.

He's abdicated!

He's abdicated!

It's true.

It's actually happened.

I'm going home, back to Ekaterinberg.

To a war we can win.

You didn't have to come all the way here.

I'll be fine.

Oh, this is so humiliating.

Kept here under armed guard,
like a criminal.

They're taking me to the palace, Mother.

It's hardly Napoleon's exile
to Saint Helena.

Will you go back to Kiev?

Yes,

but Russia is no longer safe for you.

Promise me, Nicholas.

You'll get the family out
as soon as you can.

I was thinking the retreat in Livadia.

I like the flowers there.

No!

No!

Another country!

England, perhaps.

Speak to cousin George.

I'm going home, Mama.

Then...

God protect you.

Heaven knowswhen we shall meet again.

Where is Mama?

She's talking to your sisters.

She asked me to speak toyou.

Your father...

doesn't want to be Czar anymore.

Why?

It's complicated.

He's trying to do his best for everyone.

Am I going to be Czar then?

No.

But

if there isn't a Czar,

who is going to rule Russia?

Nicholas abdicates
in favor of his brother Michael,

who is only Emperor for less than one day.

His brother realizes
that this is absolutely a poison chalice,

he wants no part of this whatsoever.

So, he turns down the throne

and once that happens

it's clear that Russia
no longer has a Czar.

Russia had gone from one-man rule
to political chaos.

The Czar doesn't really understand what's
happening around the country.

He doesn't understand the revolution.

And he seems to be in denial
about the situation.

And that is why neither Nicholas
nor his family leave the country.

I'm sorry.

You are more precious to me as my husband

than as Czar.

Oh, my boy.

I'm so sorry.

Russia's political condition

in the weeks
after the abdication of the Czar

is sometimes referred to as dvoyevlastiye,
which means 'dual power'.

Now, we have got two main bodies

competing for legitimacy on power
in Petrograd.

We have got the Duma.

On the other hand, we have got the far
more radical

and deeply revolutionary Petrograd Soviet.

Neither of them is powerful enough

to outmaneuver the other,
so they join together

and create the provisional government,
a temporary government,

that's meant to just hold things together,

hold the war effort together

until something more permanent
can be decided on.

The real dynamo, the real energy

in this new Provisional Government

is Alexander Kerensky.

He's a member of the Soviet and the Duma.

He's a socialist revolutionary,

but he's also worked with the Duma,

and so he's trusted to a degree
by both sides.

It is ironic that a man

who had called for the overthrow

of the Czar several weeks earlier
is now in charge

of keeping the royal family safe.

Hello.

I'm the "medieval regime."

Shall we take a walk?

I assure you, you can have complete
confidence in the Provisional Government

to keep you and your family safe.

But there are rules.

The telephone line has been cut.

Any communication must be via my office.

Your belongings...

your belongings will be searched.

And like all public servants,
you will survive on a ration for food.

So, my home is a prison.

Am I allowed outside to exercise?

At first, it looks like
Alexander Kerensky is the ultimate radical

hostile to the family.

But gradually, as he begins to take charge
of them,

they realize that actually
he's rather sympathetic to them.

He becomes almost fond of them.

And he begins to worry
about how to protect them

from the more extreme elements,
the Bolsheviks and others

who might threaten their lives.

The position of the Romanovs
has changed beyond imagination,

one incident really sums this up,

as they sit as prisoners
in their old home, the Alexander Palace,

soldiers actually dig up the remains
of Rasputin,

the Empress Alexandra's
most beloved advisor,

and mutilate the body
in full view of the palace.

The Romanov family rely on Kerensky
for their protection.

But by the middle of the summer,

Kerensky's own position becomes
increasingly tenuous.

It does not look like Kerensky
will actually be able

to convince the Russian population

to stay in the war
and to sacrifice for it,

and his political power
is under serious threat.

So, we have to leave?

It is no longer safe here.

And not just for you.

My officers will escort you.

I trust them.

If you say we must leave now, we will.

Just in time,
Kerensky moved them in great secrecy

to Tobolsk, far away in Siberia

where they'll be safe from the extremists,

fanatics, and revolutionaries

who threaten them in Petrograd.

Three months
after the Romanov family leaves Petrograd,

Kerensky's government itself is overthrown

in a coup d'état

by Lenin and the Bolsheviks.

As the Bolsheviks
are taking over, during a period of only

twenty hours, Kerensky is forced to flee.
At one point,

he's almost shot at a checkpoint
as he tries to leave Petrograd.

Suddenly we're in
a more merciless, more flint-hearted,

more ruthless era.

Lenin had spent 20 years
calling for the violent overthrow

of the monarchy,
even for the execution of the Czar.

Now, the Bolsheviks
are in charge of the royal family.

The fate of the imperial family is in
Bolshevik hands.

And those hands happen
to include former army medic,

Yakov Yurovsky.

I'm the Military Commissar

from the Ural Soviet.

Honored to meet you, Comrade Goloschekin.

Your work for the secret police
has been noticed.

But I need your diligence for a little
more delicateoperation.

Top secret.

Straight from Moscow.

From Comrade Lenin.

A house is being prepared here
in Ekaterinberg

for some high-profile guests.

They will arrive in secrecy

and need to be kept
under maximum security.

How many?

It's a family of seven
and their servants.

By the Spring of 1919,
the imperial family are in huge danger.

They are split into two groups,

Nicholas, Alexandra and one of the girls
are taken

to their new safe-house deep
in Bolshevik territory.

A few weeks later,

the Romanov children are sent
to join their parents in Ekaterinburg.

Let's move, the truck is waiting.

Move! Move!

- Where are you taking us?
- Not you, just the children.

No, no, I am their teacher!

Then you understand my words.

I promised their father
I would stay with them.

You have no right to stop me
from doing my duty.

We are no good to them dead.

Look after each other.

Stay safe.

Anastasia!

No! Please!

Anastasia!

Let's go.

My poor niece.

Hoping desperately that someone would come
and rescue her.

She's waited long enough.

Shall we?

I am so sorry.

She asked to come out to meet you.

Please. Just a moment.

I am so happy to meet you.

Is the hospital treating you well?

If there's anything you need...

you must let us know.

Aren't you lovely, my dear.

Please,

I'm your little Pixie.

What did you say?

Say it again.

Pixie.

I am the only person in the world

that called her that.

Subtitle translation by Metia Bethell

Someone needs to stop Clearway Law.
Public shouldn't leave reviews for lawyers.