Some Assembly Required (2007–…): Season 2, Episode 8 - Some Assembly Required - full transcript

UNGER: For all
the stuff in our world,

there's a story of
how it came to be.

Hello. I'm Brian Unger.

Coming up on "Some
Assembly Required,"

assembling the
biggest rig on the road.

And the making of a sure shot.

Chances are most of
the stuff in your home

got there in one of these.

It can haul 40
tons coast to coast,

and best of all, it sleeps two.

So how do you build a truck



that's big enough to
carry a heavy load?

One that's also aerodynamic
and fuel-efficient?

Here at Peterbilt Motors
Company in Denton, Texas,

they build 100 custom-built
semitrucks a day.

But the model 387 is
considered the aerodynamic king

of Peterbilt's
long-distance road fleet.

The Peterbilt factory is a
sprawling 455,000 square feet

and is divided into
16 assembly lines

with more than 3,000 operations,

all happening simultaneously.

Every process, no
matter how complex,

is finished in less
than six minutes.

The morning here
at Peterbilt starts

with the building
of the chassis.



This is the spine, or
the backbone, of the 387.

That means it has to support
the weight of the truck itself

and the cargo it is
going to eventually pull.

That combined
weight is very heavy.

It can be as much
as 80,000 pounds.

It's here that some of the
truck's aerodynamic features

will eventually be attached,

all in an effort to
reduce airflow, or drag,

around the bottom of the truck.

On the chassis line,
all the electrical wiring,

fuel lines, and air
hoses are installed.

On this part of
the assembly line,

we are preparing the axles,

which will meet
up with the chassis.

These are made of a
very durable steel alloy.

They have to be strong enough

to bear the weight of the
load that the truck will carry

and also be strong enough
to distribute the power evenly

to the wheels, which will
make contact with the road.

The muscle for every
387 Peterbilt builds

is a 600-horsepower
turbocharged diesel engine.

Diesel engines
are built differently

than regular gasoline engines.

They don't need
to burn as much fuel

to get the same
amount of energy.

That results in
better gas mileage.

And how many miles to the
gallon does this engine get?

Six to seven
miles to the gallon.

Which is part of why the
387 is considered to be

one of the most fuel-efficient
semis on the highway.

The transmission, weighing
in at a whopping 600 pounds,

has to be hoisted over to
the engine to be married up.

Once the engine

and transmission
have been assembled,

we're back on the axle line,

where it's time for
some heavy lifting.

Now, up until this point, we've
been working on our chassis

and our axle upside down.

It's just more ergodynamically
efficient that way.

It's not as stressful
on the body.

Oh, boy.

10,000 pounds is about
to come down on me.

This is the rollover machine,

and it turns 5 tons right
side up every 6 minutes.

When the chassis is
flipped, robots paint it,

primarily to prevent corrosion

but also because
it looks better.

At another station,
the back, floor,

and sides of our cab are joined.

Automated subassembly lines
feed the components of the cab

to robots that apply adhesive.

Once sealed, the parts are
hand-placed into the framer,

and the cab is held together
with just the adhesive.

The joints are heated to
700 degrees Fahrenheit,

superheating the adhesive,

creating a virtually
unbreakable bond.

Now our cab is ready for
its aerodynamic curves.

You know what that looks like?

It looks like the
back of a '49 Buick.

The shape of the
curved cap, made off-site,

helps maximize our
truck's fuel economy,

and so does the lightweight
composite material

that it's made of.

Of course, the
lighter the truck,

the more miles per gallon
we'll get on the highway.

So, what this stuff looks
like is like denture adhesive

but a million times stronger.

And that's the only thing
that's gonna keep this cap

down on our cab.

And for the first time,

we begin to see the
aerodynamic design of the 387.

How are ya? This is
where the bed goes.

Once the cab's assembled,
the robot painters get busy again.

This part of our assembly
is called cab trim.

Now, this is where
our Peterbilt interiors

get their rich,
luxurious appointments.

This is where our truck
becomes a home away from home,

and there are many, many
furnishings that go in here.

But the one thing I've
always been curious about is,

well, how big is the
bedroom in this thing?

Well, I am 6'1",

and I have a good 2 1/2
feet of headroom in this cab.

We'll just call it a
cathedral ceiling.

Now, how big is the bed?

It's big, and it's
very comfortable.

Far more comfortable
than I ever imagined,

with plenty of space in here.

Um, you got a reading light.

Your controls for your
CD and stereo right here.

Air conditioner.

It's basically a hotel suite.

Now, if one driver doesn't
want to share a bedroom

with the other driver,

there's always the
second-floor bedroom.

[Grunts] Lots of space.

Plenty of room for two.

And with a view.

We're building a Peterbilt
truck in Denton, Texas.

Can I get a belt buckle
made out of this?

Next up on the assembly

is a crucial part of our
truck base, the fuel tank.

Each 387 has a pair of tanks.

Both can hold 150
gallons of diesel.

The 387's fuel tanks

are designed and built
with fuel economy in mind.

They're made of lightweight
aluminum to boost efficiency.

And they're covered

with aerodynamically
designed fairings.

These help lower
wind resistance,

further increasing the mileage.

As the chassis
continues to roll,

the engine's dropped in
by the assembly-line crew.

The wheels, with the tires
already mounted on the rims

and weighing 200 pounds
apiece, are bolted onto the axles.

Well, here we have it.

Our finished cab assembly.

All the fiberglass-resin
body, the steel, the aluminum

gets lowered down
on our chassis.

The smooth curves
of the 387 stand out

when you compare
them to the other,

more traditional
trucks on the road.

Their boxier lines create a
lot of drag on the highway.

With a traditional semi,
air swirls around the cab,

creating vortices
and slowing it down

because more surface
area means more friction.

By creating a sleeker body,

the air can flow around
the truck more easily,

and that has increased
the 387's fuel efficiency

by more than 15%.

Every design detail on the cab,

from the integrated headlights
to the curved side mirrors,

work together to reduce drag.

That combined with a sloped
hood, windshield, and roof,

as well as the
covered fuel tanks,

can make a big
difference at the pump.

All these aerodynamic
design features save each truck

more than 2,000 gallons
of diesel fuel every year.

Now it's time to give this
newly assembled truck

its finishing touches.

Workers fill the
fuel tanks with diesel

and test out the horn
for the very first time.

[Horn honks]

Our Peterbilt is built.

This is where they
bring the finished trucks,

right off the assembly line,
to the Peterbilt test track.

Yes, they have a test track.

Now, I'm going to indulge
a boyhood fantasy of mine.

I'm going to drive this truck

and hopefully get out of second
gear and over 10 miles per hour.

[Grunts]

All right.

Where's the "on" button?

[Horn honks]

MAN: Grab you another gear.

UNGER: Grab me another gear?

I'm going back in
for another gear.

[Gears grinding]

Oh [bleep]

MAN: Slow down on your clutch.

There you go.

There you go. That's
it, with authority.

Yeah, with authority.
You got to own it.

- Yeah.
- You can't be timid.

I could use other
language right now,

but it's not suitable
for Discovery.

[Horn honks]

Pull!

Pull!

Pull.

[Gunshot]

[Gun cocks]

Hunters use them.

Law enforcement depends on them.

Sportsmen compete with them.

What makes a shotgun accurate
and dependable every time

has everything to do
with a precision assembly.

Pull.

We're going to the
Ithaca Gun Company

in Upper Sandusky, Ohio,

to make a classic
shotgun, the Featherlight.

Most of the time,

guns like these are
used to fire buckshot,

shells filled with
small BBs, not bullets.

They're ideal for
the sport of skeet,

a type of competitive
shotgun shooting.

When the shooter
pulls the trigger,

the firing pin
slams into the shell,

detonating the
gunpowder, which explodes.

The resulting blast
creates a spray of BBs

that expands as it
zooms toward the target.

An accurate shot
requires a precise barrel,

and that's where
our assembly begins.

The barrel blank, made
of high-grade steel,

arrives preformed.

Then workers
modify it for accuracy.

It has a pretty
significant thickness here.

Because we're not soldering,
because we're not welding,

we have to have extra material.

From this, we will machine
all the features required

for a finished barrel.

It takes a carbide cutter

to wear away this
ultratough steel.

And during lathing,

they shave away up
to a third of the blank.

A shotgun blast is the
result of an explosion

contained in the gun in an
area known as the chamber.

That explosion causes the
gun to recoil, or jerk back,

which negatively
affects the shooter's aim.

Ithaca machines the
inside of the barrel,

lengthening what's
known as the force cone.

So, by allowing the BBs
more time to be aligned

and funneled into the
barrel, recoil is reduced

and the odds of hitting
the target are increased.

Now, we won't hit anything

if we don't have a
way to aim our gun,

so that's the sight.

The first thing we do to
the freshly lathed barrel

is add the stanchions,

the foundation on which
the sight will be mounted.

Ithaca mills this feature
instead of soldering it

because this prevents
any bend in the metal,

and a straight barrel
makes for a straight shot.

The barrel on a shotgun

will ultimately be
attached to the receiver.

[Gunshot]

It houses the trigger mechanism,

and it's where you
load the ammunition.

Unlike many
shotguns, the Model 37

has a single port at the
bottom of the receiver,

where shells are
loaded and ejected.

To make the receiver,
long bars of solid steel

are cut into seven-pound bricks.

Which are ground to
ensure uniform thickness.

Milling machines reshape
and hollow out the receiver.

Adding spaces for the barrel
and the ammo loading port.

And from a seven-pound
block of steel comes this.

The milling process
leaves sharp edges

that must be polished off,

so our gun isn't quite
ready for the range yet.

First manufactured in 1937.

The Featherlight.

This is what our
barrels look like

when they come
into this bluing room.

This is tooled,
and it is polished.

It is steel, and it is nice
and shiny and smooth.

And, of course, this
is the finished barrel,

and most people think
that they get this way

by applying some
kind of lacquer or paint,

and that's not the case.

This has been blued,
and bluing is really a way

of preventing your
gun from rusting.

Rust is the enemy of any gun,

so to prevent rusting,
we're going to make it rust.

We'll end up with a durable
finish that looks bluish-black,

hence the name bluing.

If you take a
piece of raw metal,

for example, this
barrel laying over here

that hasn't had
anything done to it.

This one right here.

If you lay these two out
in the rain or the snow

at the same time,

this one's gonna start
rusting quicker than this will,

whether they both
got oil on them or not.

Okay.

The first step in
bluing is cleaning.

Each part is dipped
in a bath of degreaser

that removes any grime

from the machining
and polishing process.

After that quick bath,

the parts are dipped
in a saltwater solution

that's about 285
degrees Fahrenheit.

The salt reacts with the iron
in the barrel and oxidizes it,

so we get a coating of
magnetite, or black oxide.

What happens if you leave
it in the saltwater too long?

The corrosion will go too far,

so we halt the corrosive process

by dipping the parts
in a cold-water bath,

then an oil bath.

The black-oxide coating
will provide protection

against corrosion as long
as the gun metal is oiled.

Well, it's time to
assemble our Model 37

into an actual shotgun.

Bob Postell is a gunsmith.

And this takes you roughly
15 minutes or so, Bob?

Yes.

How many of these
will you do in a day?

We have done, each one of
us, probably 10, 12 of them a day.

UNGER: Mm-hmm.

Bob is able to put the
Model 37 together so quickly,

in part because several
pieces of the gun,

such as the trigger
and the receiver,

come pre-made from
various subassemblies.

The only piece that's not
added here is the butt of the gun

'cause we've still
got a couple of tests,

and we don't want
to damage the wood.

First, Bob uses a
shell with no gunpowder

to test the ejection port.

These are dummy, and
you know how we know that?

They actually say "dummy."

So, this doesn't reflect the
person who's shooting the gun.

- No, I hope not.
- Okay.

'Cause I will be shooting later.

We do have some
dummies that shoot guns.

That's the problem. [Chuckles]

Well said.

Then we've got to do a
test to see whether our gun

will go boom or bust
when you pull the trigger.

This is where all the
fun takes... Really, right?

I mean, Bob, this is
where the fun begins?

Yes. I enjoy it.

Bob uses a shell
that is so powerful...

More than twice as
explosive as a normal one...

That we need a steel
box to hold the gun.

We're now going to
proof-test our Model 37.

- It's gonna be loud.
- Loud.

And I'll be over there.

Okay.

Fire in the hole.

That's the proof round.

UNGER: Just like that?

That's it.

Once the gun
passes the proof test,

regular shells are loaded,

and it's safe for me
to pull the trigger.

UNGER: And we're ready
to fire. Fire in the hole.

Can you hear me now?

One last step before
I can go to the range.

The butt is bolted on.

Well, we have our finished,
assembled Model 37.

Now, when I'm not
shooting this program,

I like to shoot a little skeet.

Pull.

Clay disks, or pigeons,

are launched and
fly about 60 yards.

Pull!

Pull!

Success demands the shooter
fire in less than four seconds.

Skeet shooters
like the Featherlight

because, as its name
implies, it's easy to wield.

And I have to say, this
feels incredibly lightweight,

very balanced,

and I'm hoping this barrel
is as straight as I think it is.

Pull!

[Gunshot]

Yeah!