NASA's Unexplained Files (2012–…): Season 5, Episode 5 - Stonehenge on Mars - full transcript
When NASA spots something on Mars that resembles Stonehenge, they investigate what could have made this strange structure. Scientists discover a mysterious hole in Saturn's rings. An ancient tribe claims contact with alien visitors.
NASA's MISSION
IS TO EXPLORE THE UNKNOWN.
WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT THE UNIVERSE
IS A TINY FRACTION
OF WHAT'S ACTUALLY OUT THERE.
IN THE SEARCH FOR ANSWERS,
IT LAUNCHES ITS SCIENTISTS
INTO SPACE,
ITS CRAFT BEYOND THE LIMITS
OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM.
WE HAVE NO IDEA
WHAT'S OUT THERE.
HEY, WHAT IS THAT?
THERE MIGHT BE DANGERS
LURKING IN THE DARKNESS.
WE RUN ACROSS MORE MYSTERIES
THAN DISCOVERIES.
WE DON'T KNOW WHAT IT'S
GONNA THROW AT US NEXT.
THE U.S. MILITARY
INTERCEPTS MAN-MADE SIGNALS
COMING FROM THE COSMOS
OVER A DECADE BEFORE THE LAUNCH
OF THE FIRST SPACECRAFT.
THEY'RE COMING FROM THE MOON.
WHO OR WHAT IS SENDING THEM?
I REALLY WONDER IF THE GERMANS
COULD HAVE GOTTEN TO THE MOON.
ACTUALLY, I THINK
THEY COULD HAVE.
A PROBE CAPTURES AN IMAGE
OF AN EERILY FAMILIAR STRUCTURE
ON THE RED PLANET.
I WOULD SAY I'M LOOKING
AT A AERIAL SATELLITE IMAGE
OF STONEHENGE.
YOU HAVE TO ASK YOURSELF,
"IS THIS EVIDENCE
OF CIVILIZATION ON MARS?"
AND AN EXPLORER
ENCOUNTERS AN ANCIENT TRIBE
WITH ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE
OF A DISTANT STAR SYSTEM.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OUT OF A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
THESE ARE
"NASA's UNEXPLAINED FILES."
NASA's Unexplained Files - SEASON 5
EP - 5 - Stonehenge on Mars
AN APOLLO ASTRONAUT SUDDENLY
BECOMES SICK WHILE ON THE MOON.
JACK SCHMITT'S SYMPTOMS
ARE VERY CONCERNING.
HIS NASAL PASSAGES GET INFLAMED.
HE STARTS COUGHING.
HE'S NOT IN GOOD SHAPE.
NASA STRUGGLES TO IDENTIFY
THE CAUSE OF
THE MYSTERY ILLNESS.
WE DIDN'T KNOW
WHAT WAS ON THE SURFACE.
COULD WE BRING BACK BUGS
THAT WOULD CONTAMINATE
THE WORLD?
IT COULD WIPE OUT
EVERYBODY ON EARTH.
DECEMBER 11, 1972.
THE CREW OF APOLLO 17
ARE ABOUT TO BECOME
THE LAST HUMANS
TO LAND ON ANOTHER WORLD.
HARRISON "JACK" SCHMITT
IS TASKED
WITH GUIDING THE MODULE DOWN
TO THE LUNAR SURFACE.
YOU'RE MONITORING THE HEALTH
OF THE SPACECRAFT.
IT MEANT THAT YOU
WERE CONTINUALLY READY
FOR ANY KIND OF A SITUATION
THAT MIGHT DEVELOP.
SCHMITT AND MISSION
COMMANDER EUGENE CERNAN'S
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE
IS TO COLLECT ROCK SAMPLES
FOR ANALYSIS BACK ON EARTH.
NOT ONLY IS THE CLOCK
TICKING AWAY,
BUT YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT'S GOING
TO BE AROUND THE NEXT ROCK
OR IN THE BOTTOM
OF THE NEXT CRATER
OR AT THE BASE
OF THE NEXT HIGH MOUNTAIN.
AT 7:00 A.M. ON DECEMBER 12,
THE TWO ASTRONAUTS COMPLETE
THEIR FIRST MOONWALK
AND RETURN TO THE LUNAR MODULE,
BUT THEN SCHMITT STARTS
ACTING STRANGELY.
SO AS THEY'RE TAKING
OFF THEIR SUITS,
JACK SCHMITT STARTS
HAVING A REACTION.
THEY'RE UNLOADING THE SAMPLES
AND THE ROCKS
THAT THEY'D COLLECTED
ON THE LUNAR SURFACE,
AND SUDDENLY, SCHMITT STARTS
TO FEEL UNWELL.
SCHMITT IS DISPLAYING
STRANGE FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS
AND FINDING IT INCREASINGLY
DIFFICULT TO BREATHE.
IT'S COME ON PRETTY FAST
JUST SINCE I CAME BACK.
HIS NASAL PASSAGES GET INFLAMED.
HE STARTS COUGHING.
I MEAN,
HE'S REALLY UNCOMFORTABLE.
HE'S NOT IN GOOD SHAPE.
JACK SCHMITT'S SYMPTOMS
ARE VERY CONCERNING.
THEY COME ON SUDDENLY.
THEY'RE VERY SEVERE.
MISSION CONTROL RACES
TO IDENTIFY
THE CAUSE
OF THE MYSTERY ILLNESS.
YOU CANNOT GET SICK IN SPACE.
IT CAN BE A CRITICAL SITUATION.
BEFORE LOOKING
AT THE POSSIBILITY
OF AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL DISEASE,
NASA MUST FIRST CONSIDER
WHETHER SCHMITT
IS SIMPLY HAVING A REACTION
TO A TERRESTRIAL VIRUS
OR BACTERIUM,
BUT APOLLO SCIENTISTS
AND ASTRONAUTS BELIEVE
THIS IS HIGHLY UNLIKELY.
EVEN BEFORE THEY LEAVE
THE EARTH TO GO TO THE MOON,
THEY'RE KEPT IN QUARANTINE.
THEY'RE KEPT OUT OF CONTACT
WITH ANY BUGS.
THEY JUST DON'T WANT
TO HAVE THEM SICK
WHEN THEY GO TO THE MOON.
THE INTERIOR OF THE SPACECRAFT
WAS PROBABLY AS CLEAN
AS AN OPERATING ROOM.
THEY MADE SURE THAT EVERYTHING
WAS ABSOLUTELY STERILE.
IF THE CAUSE OF
SCHMITT'S STRANGE SPACE ILLNESS
HASN'T COME FROM EARTH,
IT MUST COME
FROM SOMEWHERE ELSE.
HE WAS FINE OUT ROAMING
AROUND THE MOON,
BUT NOW HE'S REACTING.
IT'S GOT TO BE SOMETHING HE
BROUGHT BACK INTO THE CAPSULE.
IT WOULD HAVE
HAD TO BEEN SOMETHING
THAT WOULD'VE BEEN REALLY BAD
IF IT HAD OCCURRED THAT QUICKLY
AFTER HIS LUNAR EXPOSURE.
THE POSSIBILITY THAT SCHMITT
HAS CAUGHT A DISEASE ON THE MOON
ECHOES ONE OF NASA'S GREATEST
FEARS ABOUT THE APOLLO MISSIONS.
WE DIDN'T KNOW
WHAT WAS ON THE SURFACE.
COULD WE BRING BACK BUGS THAT
WOULD CONTAMINATE THE WORLD?
WHO KNOWS WHAT'S THERE?
AND MAYBE WE COULD MAKE A LOT
OF PEOPLE ON THE PLANET SICK.
FOR DECADES, SCIENTISTS BELIEVED
IT WASN'T POSSIBLE FOR BACTERIA
TO EXIST ON THE MOON,
BUT 3 YEARS BEFORE
THE APOLLO 17 MISSION,
ANALYSIS OF A NASA
CAMERA LEFT ON THE MOON
SEEMED TO INDICATE
THAT BACTERIA
HAD SURVIVED INSIDE IT
FOR OVER 2 1/2 YEARS.
THE DISCOVERY SUGGESTED
THAT DEADLY ORGANISMS
COULD INDEED SURVIVE ON THE MOON
AND TRAVEL TO EARTH.
THE POSSIBILITY
THAT MICROORGANISMS
COULD REMAIN ALIVE
ON THE SURFACE OF THE MOON
FOR 2 1/2 YEARS
IS TREMENDOUSLY
IMPORTANT TO SCIENCE.
IF THESE MICROORGANISMS
LIVED ON THE MOON
FOR 2 1/2 YEARS,
THAT SUPPORTS THIS IDEA
OF HOW LIFE COULD TRAVEL
FROM ONE BODY
TO ANOTHER IN SPACE.
HISTORY OFFERS FEARSOME EXAMPLES
OF WHAT CAN HAPPEN
WHEN ALIEN BUGS
ARE CARRIED TO NEW WORLDS.
DURING THE 15th
AND 16th CENTURIES,
EUROPEAN EXPLORERS
INTRODUCED VIRULENT DISEASES
TO THE AMERICAS,
KILLING COUNTLESS
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE.
A NIGHTMARE SCENARIO WOULD BE
THE SAME THING HAPPENING
WHEN JACK SCHMITT
RETURNS TO EARTH.
THE FEAR OF BRINGING BACK
AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL BUG
BACK TO EARTH
IS THAT OUR IMMUNE SYSTEMS
WOULD NOT BE SET UP
TO DEAL WITH IT.
IT COULD WIPE OUT
EVERYBODY ON EARTH.
WHATEVER IS WRONG WITH SCHMITT,
NASA DOESN'T WANT IT SPREADING.
A CLUE TO THE CAUSE
OF SCHMITT'S MYSTERIOUS ILLNESS
COMES FROM AUDIO RECORDINGS
OF THE APOLLO 17 MISSION.
SHORTLY BEFORE SCHMITT
STARTS FEELING UNWELL,
HE REPORTS SMELLING
SOMETHING LIKE GUNPOWDER.
THE STRANGE GUNPOWDER ODOR
HAS ALSO BEEN DETECTED
BY ASTRONAUTS
ON TWO PRIOR NASA MISSIONS.
WE KNOW WHAT
THE GUNPOWDER SMELL IS.
OTHER APOLLO MISSIONS
HAVE REPORTED IT, TOO.
IT'S MOON DUST.
SO THE CONNECTION HAD
TO BE THE LUNAR DUST
THAT CREATED A PROBLEM FOR JACK.
LUNAR DUST IS JAGGED.
IT'S GOT STATIC.
IT CLINGS TO EVERYTHING.
AS SCHMITT EXPLORED
THE LUNAR SURFACE,
DUST COVERED HIS SUIT
AND EQUIPMENT.
I'VE STIRRED IT UP WITH MY FEET.
IT APPEARS HE THEN
INHALED A LUNGFUL
OF THE SHARP, ULTRA-DRY SHARDS.
IF IT GETS INTO THE BLOODSTREAM,
IT COULD SCAVENGE THE OXYGEN
OUT OF THE BLOOD
AND MAKE IT MUCH WORSE
THAN JUST A SNIFFLE.
IT ACTUALLY COULD KILL YOU.
A FEW HOURS LATER,
SCHMITT'S SYMPTOMS
BEGIN TO EASE,
BUT HE MUST WAIT
UNTIL HE RETURNS TO EARTH
TO DISCOVER HOW MUCH DAMAGE
THE TOXIC DUST
HAS DONE TO HIS AIRWAYS.
YOU JUST HAVE TO TOUGH IT OUT.
THERE'S NOT A THING YOU CAN DO.
YOU'RE STUCK TO A FLIGHT PLAN
THAT'S IN CONCRETE.
AT 10:54 P.M. ON DECEMBER 14,
SCHMITT AND HIS FELLOW
ASTRONAUTS
BEGIN THEIR PERILOUS
JOURNEY BACK HOME.
FOUR DAYS LATER,
THE APOLLO 17 MODULE
SPLASHES DOWN
IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN.
NASA MEDICS WHO INSPECT THE CREW
FIND NO EVIDENCE
OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION
AND CONCLUDE THAT SCHMITT
SUFFERED SOME KIND
OF ALLERGIC REACTION
TO THE LUNAR DUST...
A REACTION THAT HAS POTENTIALLY
DISASTROUS IMPLICATIONS
FOR ANY FUTURE HUMAN ACTIVITY
ON THE MOON.
IF WE'RE GOING TO GO BACK
TO THE MOON FOR A LONG TIME,
WE NEED TO GET A HANDLE
ON THIS DUST ISSUE.
MAYBE MILLIONS OF PEOPLE
ARE ALLERGIC TO LUNAR DUST.
WE JUST DON'T KNOW.
COMING UP, A REMOTE TRIBE
CLAIMS THEIR ADVANCED
KNOWLEDGE OF THE COSMOS
WAS GIVEN TO THEM
BY CELESTIAL VISITORS.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OF A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
AN EXPLORER ENCOUNTERS
AN ANCIENT TRIBE
WITH ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE
OF THE COSMOS.
THE LEGENDS APPEAR TO CONTAIN
DETAILED
ASTRONOMICAL INFORMATION
THEY COULD NOT HAVE
DISCOVERED BY THEMSELVES.
HOW COULD THEY KNOW THAT?
THE TRIBE CLAIM
THEIR KNOWLEDGE IS A GIFT
FROM CELESTIAL VISITORS
HUNDREDS OF YEARS AGO.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OUT OF A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
1931.
AFTER TREKKING FOR
HUNDREDS OF MILES
THROUGH THE JUNGLES
OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA,
FRENCH ANTHROPOLOGIST
MARCEL GRIAULE
REACHES THE COUNTRY OF MALI.
THERE, HE AND HIS TEAM MEET
WITH LOCAL TRIBESPEOPLE
KNOWN AS THE DOGON.
THESE ANTHROPOLOGISTS
LIVED WITH THE DOGON,
PARTICIPATED IN THEIR RITES,
LEARNED THEIR CULTURE.
HE GAINS THEIR TRUST,
THEIR CONFIDENCE,
AND THEY START TELLING HIM
THEIR MOST SACRED MYTHOLOGY.
AS HE TALKS TO THE DOGON ELDERS,
GRIAULE LEARNS THAT THE REMOTE
TRIBE'S MYTHOLOGIES
CONTAIN ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE
OF THE COSMOS.
THEY TALK ABOUT JUPITER
AS HAVING FOUR MOONS.
THEY TALK ABOUT SATURN
AS HAVING A RING.
THEY SEEM TO CONTAIN DETAILED
ASTRONOMICAL INFORMATION
THEY COULD NOT HAVE
DISCOVERED BY THEMSELVES.
THE MOST INTRIGUING
STORIES CONCERN A STAR
IN THE CONSTELLATION
CANIS MAJOR.
THESE MYTHOLOGIES INVOLVE
WHAT LOOKS LIKE
THE BRIGHTEST STAR
IN THE SKY, SIRIUS.
GRIAULE FOUND THAT
THE DOGON ELDERS
HAD INFORMATION
ABOUT THE STAR SIRIUS
THAT NO ONE COULD EXPLAIN
HOW THEY FOUND THAT OUT.
THE DOGON TELL GRIAULE
THAT SIRIUS HAS AN INVISIBLE
COMPANION STAR
ORBITING AROUND IT.
WHEN GRIAULE RETURNS TO FRANCE,
HE LEARNS FROM ASTRONOMERS
THAT THIS COMPANION STAR
DOES EXIST,
BUT IS ONLY VISIBLE
USING TELESCOPES...
...TELESCOPES THE DOGON
DO NOT POSSESS.
THE DOGON GAVE
DETAILS ABOUT SIRIUS
THAT WOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO KNOW
WITHOUT CURRENT
ASTRONOMICAL EQUIPMENT.
THIS STRIKES
THE FRENCH ANTHROPOLOGIST
AS INCREDIBLY REMARKABLE.
THE DOGON TRIBE DID NOT
HAVE TELESCOPES,
SO HOW DID THEY KNOW ABOUT
SIRIUS' LITTLE STELLAR
COMPANION?
THE EXISTENCE
OF THE COMPANION STAR,
CALLED SIRIUS B,
HAD BEEN ESTABLISHED
BY ASTRONOMERS SEVERAL DECADES
BEFORE GRIAULE'S ARRIVAL.
THIS LEADS SOME TO SUGGEST
THAT PERHAPS OTHER TRADERS
OR VISITORS HAD REVEALED
THIS EXISTENCE TO THE DOGON.
THE SIMPLEST EXPLANATION
WOULD BE THAT THE DOGON
PICKED UP THIS INFORMATION
IN RECENT TIMES,
PERHAPS EVEN
JUST SLIGHTLY BEFORE
GRIAULE WAS THERE IN THE 1930s.
IT'S A PLAUSIBLE
THEORY, BUT IT HAS A MAJOR FLAW.
THE REALLY STRANGE THING
ABOUT THE DOGON TRADITION
IS THAT IT DATES BACK
TO BEFORE THE ERA
OF ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS.
THE KNOWLEDGE EXISTED
FOR MANY CENTURIES
BEFORE SIRIUS B WAS EVEN KNOWN.
DURING HIS TIME WITH THE DOGON,
GRIAULE OBSERVES THEM
CONDUCTING STRANGE RITUALS
TO MARK THE PASSAGE
OF THE INVISIBLE STAR.
EVEN THOUGH THEY CANNOT SEE IT,
THEY SEEM TO BE ABLE
TO PREDICT ITS MOVEMENT.
SO THEY ALSO GOT THE ORBITAL
PERIOD CORRECT... 50 YEARS.
SO HOW COULD THEY KNOW THAT?
IF YOU WERE TO LOOK
AT A MODERN DRAWING
OF THE ORBITS OF SIRIUS
AND SIRIUS B
AND COMPARE THAT
TO THE ANCIENT DOGON DRAWING,
YOU'LL SEE THEY MATCH UP
ALMOST IDENTICALLY.
THE REMOTE TRIBE
APPEARED TO UNDERSTAND
THE ORBITAL MECHANISMS OF A STAR
ALMOST 9 LIGHT-YEARS FROM EARTH.
SOME DISMISS THIS
AS PURE COINCIDENCE.
SIRIUS IS THE BRIGHTEST
STAR IN THE SKY,
AND YOU MAKE UP
STORIES ABOUT IT,
AND MAYBE IT'S NOT
SO SURPRISING THAT,
OCCASIONALLY, THOSE STORIES
TURN OUT TO BE RIGHT.
DUMB LUCK MIGHT EXPLAIN
TWO CORRECT
ASTRONOMICAL PREDICTIONS,
BUT THE DOGON LEGEND ALSO REVEAL
A THIRD PROPHECY ABOUT SIRIUS B.
THEY CLAIM THAT IT IS WHITE
AND MADE FROM THE HEAVIEST
METAL IN THE UNIVERSE.
ONE THING THEY SAID
ABOUT SIRIUS B
IS THAT IT'S MADE UP OF VERY,
VERY HEAVY, VERY DENSE MATERIAL.
FOR 7 DECADES,
SCIENTISTS CAN ONLY SPECULATE
AS TO HOW MUCH OF THE DOGON'S
ASTRONOMICAL KNOWLEDGE IS TRUE.
IN 2005, NASA BEGINS DEEP
SPACE OBSERVATIONS
OF SIRIUS B USING
THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE.
THE STATE-OF-THE-ART
SATELLITE DATA SHOWS THAT,
INCREDIBLY, THE DOGON
WERE RIGHT ONCE AGAIN.
NASA'S HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE
FINALLY GETS US
THE INFORMATION WE NEED.
SIRIUS B IS A WHITE DWARF STAR.
IT'S A DEAD STAR
THAT'S INCREDIBLY DENSE.
ONE TEASPOON WOULD WEIGH
OVER 1 TON.
THE NASA DISCOVERY
SEEMS TO CONFIRM
THAT THE ANCIENT TRIBESPEOPLE
HAVE SOMEHOW ACQUIRED
DETAILED INFORMATION
ABOUT A STAR
THAT IS INVISIBLE TO THEM.
SO HOW DID THEY COME
TO THIS KNOWLEDGE,
WHICH WE OBSERVE
TO BE TRUE IN LARGE PART?
THE DOGON CLAIM
THAT THEY RECEIVED
THE INFORMATION ABOUT SIRIUS B
DIRECTLY FROM BEINGS
WHO LIVED IN THAT STAR SYSTEM.
THE DOGON TELL GRIAULE
THAT THESE CELESTIAL BEINGS
VISITED THEIR ANCESTORS
MANY GENERATIONS AGO.
THEY HONOR THEM WITH
RITUALISTIC MASS DANCES.
THEY CALL THEM THE TEACHERS.
THE TEACHERS HAVE COME TO EARTH
SOME TIME IN THE PAST
TO TEACH THEM THINGS
THAT THEY WOULD
OTHERWISE NOT KNOW.
ACCORDING TO THE DOGON,
THE TEACHERS LIVE
ON A THIRD STAR NEAR SIRIUS B.
THIS THIRD STAR HAS YET
TO BE DISCOVERED,
BUT GRAVITATIONAL STUDIES
OF THE STAR SYSTEM
SUGGESTS THAT IT MIGHT EXIST.
WE CAN ACTUALLY
SCIENTIFICALLY EXAMINE THE IDEA
THAT THERE'S THIS THIRD STAR
IN THE SIRIUS SYSTEM,
AND A PAPER WAS
PUBLISHED IN 1995
THAT SHOWED THAT PERHAPS THERE
IS A THIRD COMPANION STAR,
AND IT HAS AN ORBIT OF
ABOUT 6 YEARS.
THE EXISTENCE OF THE THIRD STAR
REMAINS UNCONFIRMED.
THE SEARCH FOR THE ORIGIN
OF THE DOGON'S MYSTERIOUS
ASTRONOMICAL KNOWLEDGE
CONTINUES.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OUT A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
COMING UP,
THE U.S. MILITARY
INTERCEPTS MAN-MADE SIGNALS
COMING FROM THE MOON
TWO DECADES BEFORE THE FIRST
LUNAR LANDINGS.
GERMAN ROCKET TECHNOLOGY
IN THE SECOND HALF,
IN PARTICULAR, OF WORLD WAR II
WAS SHOCKINGLY ADVANCED.
I REALLY WONDER IF THE GERMANS
COULD'VE GOTTEN TO THE MOON.
ACTUALLY, I THINK
THEY COULD HAVE.
COLD WAR SCIENTISTS DETECT
MYSTERIOUS RADIO SIGNALS
FROM OUTER SPACE.
THEY'RE COMING FROM THE MOON.
WHO OR WHAT IS SENDING THEM?
THE SIGNALS APPEAR
MORE THAN 2 DECADES
BEFORE THE FIRST
RECORDED MOON LANDING.
WHEN WE LOOK A BIT CLOSER,
THESE SIGNALS DON'T LOOK
LIKE NATURAL COSMIC EMISSIONS.
THE U.S. ARMY
INVESTIGATES THE SOURCE
OF THE MYSTERIOUS TRANSMISSION.
I HAVE HEARD THAT THE GERMANS
DEVELOPED A MOON ROCKET
BEFORE THEY WERE
DEFEATED IN 1945.
JANUARY, 1946.
AT THE DAWN OF THE COLD WAR,
A FRAGILE PEACE HOLDS
BETWEEN THE SUPERPOWERS.
THE SOVIET UNION HAS TAKEN OVER
VIRTUALLY EVERY COUNTRY
IN EASTERN EUROPE,
AND THE U.S. IS ON HIGH ALERT.
A NEW INVISIBLE WAR
RAGES ACROSS THE AIRWAVES.
THE COLD WAR IS A PERIOD
OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAT-AND-MOUSE
BETWEEN THE SUPERPOWERS.
THERE'S THIS VERY SOLID
UNDERSTANDING
ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF RADAR
TO NATIONAL SECURITY,
NATIONAL DEFENSE.
AT 11:58 A.M. ON JANUARY 10,
A UNITED STATES ARMY
SIGNAL CORPS RADAR STATION
IN WALL TOWNSHIP, NEW JERSEY,
INTERCEPTS A SERIES
OF STRANGE SIGNALS.
THE U.S. PICKS UP SIGNALS.
SOUNDS REALLY ODD,
BUT IT SEEMS AS IF THEY'RE
COMING FROM OUTER SPACE.
ANALYSIS OF THE DATA REVEALS
THAT THE SIGNALS ARE COMING
FROM ONE PARTICULAR POINT...
THE MOON.
IT'S 1946.
THE MOON IS STILL
SUCH AN ENIGMA,
SO THAT'S WHY IT'S SO SURPRISING
THERE ARE ARTIFICIAL
RADIO SIGNALS
THAT APPEAR TO BE
COMING FROM IT.
WHEN WE LOOK A BIT CLOSER,
THESE SIGNALS DON'T LOOK LIKE
NATURAL COSMIC EMISSIONS.
IN FACT, THEY LOOK A LOT
LIKE RADAR SIGNALS.
WHO OR WHAT CAN BE BROADCASTING
FROM OUR NATURAL SATELLITE
OVER 230,000 MILES AWAY?
NEITHER U.S. NOR SOVIET PROBES
WILL REACH THE MOON
FOR ANOTHER 2 DECADES.
THE TRANSMISSIONS RAISE
THE TERRIFYING POSSIBILITY
ANOTHER NATION HAS BEATEN THE
REST OF THE WORLD TO THE PUNCH.
I HAVE HEARD THAT THE GERMANS
DEVELOPED A MOON ROCKET
BEFORE THEY WERE
DEFEATED IN 1945.
GERMAN ROCKET TECHNOLOGY
IN THE SECOND HALF,
IN PARTICULAR, OF WORLD WAR II
WAS SHOCKINGLY ADVANCED.
ON OCTOBER 3, 1942,
THE GERMAN V-2 ROCKET
BECAME THE FIRST MAN-MADE
OBJECT TO ENTER SPACE.
AT THE END OF WORLD WAR II,
ITS INVENTOR, WERNHER von BRAUN,
SURRENDERED TO ALLIED FORCES
AND WENT ON TO THE DESIGN
THE ROCKET
THAT LAUNCHED AMERICA'S
FIRST SPACE SATELLITE.
WE WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN
ABLE TO LAND ON THE MOON
IF IT HADN'T BEEN
FOR THE GERMANS.
WERNHER von BRAUN WAS A GENIUS.
MAY HAVE BEEN A NAZI,
BUT HE WAS A GENIUS.
I REALLY WONDER IF THE GERMANS
COULD'VE GOTTEN TO THE MOON.
ACTUALLY, I THINK
THEY COULD HAVE.
NAZI ROCKET TECHNOLOGY
MAY HAVE THEORETICALLY BEEN
CAPABLE OF REACHING THE MOON,
BUT THERE IS NO EVIDENCE
THAT GERMANS PLACED RADAR
EQUIPMENT ON THE LUNAR SURFACE.
U.S. ARMY ENGINEERS IDENTIFIED
THE MYSTERIOUS SIGNAL
AS THEIR OWN,
BUT WEAKENED BY A FACTOR
OF SEVERAL BILLION.
SOME OF THEIR OWN RADAR SIGNALS
THAT ARE ESCAPING FROM THE EARTH
AND THEN ARE RETURNING,
HAVING BOUNCED OFF THE MOON.
THE MOON SEEMS TO BE ACTING
LIKE A GIANT REFLECTOR DISH,
BOUNCING TRANSMITTED
RADAR SIGNALS BACK TO THE EARTH.
FOR THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY,
THE DISCOVERY PRESENTS
AN INCREDIBLE OPPORTUNITY.
THE U.S. IMMEDIATELY
SEES THE POTENTIAL
BECAUSE IT REALIZES
IF IT CAN DETECT ITS OWN SIGNALS
BOUNCING OFF THE MOON,
IT CAN ALSO POTENTIALLY
INTERCEPT RUSSIAN SIGNALS
DOING THE SAME THING.
IF IT WORKS, IT COULD GIVE
THE UNITED STATES
A VITAL ADVANTAGE
OVER THEIR COLD WAR ENEMY.
IN 1948, THE U.S. GOVERNMENT
AUTHORIZES THE NAVY
TO BEGIN INTERCEPTING
AND ANALYZING RADAR MESSAGES
FROM THE MOON.
HE CALLS THE PROJECT
"OPERATION MOON BOUNCE."
THE GREAT THING
ABOUT OPERATION MOON BOUNCE
IS THE RUSSIANS WILL NEVER KNOW
YOU'RE LISTENING IN
TO THEIR RADAR SIGNALS.
REFINING THIS TECHNOLOGY
TAKES MORE THAN 15 YEARS,
BUT IN JANUARY 1964,
OPERATION MOON BOUNCE
HAS ITS FIRST MAJOR SUCCESS.
THE NAVY'S CHESAPEAKE BAY
FACILITY
INTERCEPTS RADAR SIGNALS
FROM A MILITARY COMPLEX
INSIDE THE SOVIET UNION.
THE SIGNAL ITSELF ORIGINATES
FROM A NEW CLASS OF SOVIET
BALLISTIC WARNING SYSTEMS
CALLED THE HEN HOUSE RADARS.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE SIGNALS
REVEALS SOMETHING DISTURBING.
IT'S NOT QUITE LIKE
RADAR SIGNALS
THEY'VE SEEN BEFORE.
THE DETAILS
OF THIS TYPE OF RADAR
TELL THEM THE SOVIETS
HAVE A NEW BALLISTIC
MISSILE DETECTION SYSTEM.
THE SOVIET RADAR
OPERATES ON A WAVELENGTH
PERFECT FOR DETECTING
FAST-MOVING OBJECTS
OUTSIDE OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE.
IN THEORY, THE RUSSIANS
WILL BE ABLE TO DETECT
ANY U.S. MISSILE
WITHIN MINUTES OF LAUNCH.
THE DISCOVERY OF THIS TECHNOLOGY
HOLDS HUGE VALUE TO AMERICAN
INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES.
THE C.I.A. ARE NOW
ABLE TO WORK OUT
THE CAPABILITIES
OF THE ENEMY RADAR SYSTEM,
WHICH MEANS THE MILITARY
CAN START TO OUTWIT IT.
OPERATION MOON BOUNCE
IS A SUCCESS,
AND AMERICA WINS
A DECISIVE BATTLE
IN THE FIELD OF COLD WAR
ESPIONAGE,
THANKS TO A 4.5-BILLION-YEAR-OLD
NATURAL SATELLITE IN SPACE.
SPYING ON THE SOVIETS
VIA THE MOON
HAS GIVEN THE U.S.
SIGNIFICANT TRACTION
IN ITS QUEST FOR COLD WAR
ENEMY INTELLIGENCE.
COMING UP, NASA
DISCOVERS A BIZARRE STRUCTURE
ON THE SURFACE OF MARS.
THIS IS REALLY WEIRD.
WE'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING
LIKE THIS BEFORE.
THIS REMINDS ME
VERY MUCH OF SOMETHING
WE HAVE RIGHT HERE ON EARTH,
AND THAT SOMETHING
IS STONEHENGE.
A NASA PROBE CAPTURES AN IMAGE
OF A WEIRDLY FAMILIAR STRUCTURE
ON THE SURFACE OF MARS.
I WOULD SAY I'M LOOKING
AT AN AERIAL SATELLITE IMAGE
OF STONEHENGE.
IT LOOKS SORT OF INTENTIONAL,
DOESN'T IT?
WHO OR WHAT MADE MARSHENGE?
YOU HAVE TO ASK YOURSELF,
IS THIS EVIDENCE
OF CIVILIZATION ON MARS?
SEPTEMBER 25, 2012.
NASA's $720-MILLION MARS
RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER
CIRCLES 170 MILES
ABOVE THE RED PLANET.
ITS STATE-OF-THE-ART
HiRISE CAMERA
CAPTURES A REMARKABLE IMAGE.
THIS IMAGE FROM HiRISE SHOWS
A CLUSTER OF ROCKS.
THEY SEEM TO BE ORIENTED
IN A GENERAL SET
OF CONCENTRIC CIRCLES.
THE SYMMETRY IS STRANGE.
WHAT'S EVEN MORE INTRIGUING
IS THAT THEY ARE
SITTING ON A MOUND
THAT JUST SEEMS TO
BE SIZED PERFECTLY.
LIKE MANY TERRESTRIAL MONUMENTS,
THE ROCKS FORM A CIRCLE
AROUND AN INNER GROUPING
OF LARGER STONES.
THIS REMINDS ME
VERY MUCH OF SOMETHING
WE HAVE RIGHT HERE ON EARTH,
AND THAT SOMETHING
IS STONEHENGE.
IF I WASN'T MISTAKEN,
I WOULD SAY I'M LOOKING
AT A AERIAL
SATELLITE IMAGE OF STONEHENGE.
THEY BOTH HAVE
CONCENTRIC CIRCLES
WITH A SQUARE
OR A RECTANGLE IN THE MIDDLE.
THAT'S EXACTLY WHAT
I'M LOOKING AT HERE.
THE FAMOUS CIRCLE AT STONEHENGE
IS MORE THAN 5,000 YEARS OLD
AND HAS MYSTIFIED
ARCHAEOLOGISTS FOR CENTURIES.
AT THIS SACRED PLACE,
PAGAN PRIESTS
OF ANCIENT DRUID CULTS
COMMUNED WITH THE STARS.
ITS PURPOSE STILL
ISN'T KNOWN FOR SURE,
BUT IT SEEMS TO BE ALIGNED
TOWARDS ASTRONOMICAL EVENTS
LIKE WINTER
AND SUMMER SOLSTICES.
THE VISUAL
SIMILARITIES PROVOKE SPECULATION
THE WEIRD MARTIAN FORMATION
COULD SERVE A SIMILAR PURPOSE.
ARE WE LOOKING AT SOMETHING
THAT MIGHT BE THE EQUIVALENT
OF STONEHENGE ON MARS,
A MARSHENGE?
YOU HAVE TO ASK YOURSELF,
IS THIS EVIDENCE
OF CIVILIZATION ON MARS?
TO DATE, THERE IS NO EVIDENCE
TO SUPPORT THE EXISTENCE
OF MONUMENT BUILDINGS ON MARS.
SOME PLANETARY SCIENTISTS
HAVE A MORE NATURAL EXPLANATION
FOR MARSHENGE.
ON EARTH, WHENEVER WE SEE
UNUSUAL ROCK FORMATIONS,
GEOLOGISTS WILL CONSIDER
THAT MAYBE THEY'VE BEEN SHAPED
OR INFLUENCED
BY SEISMIC ACTIVITY.
THEORETICALLY,
VIOLENT SEISMIC SHAKING
COULD PUSH THE MARSHENGE ROCKS
UP THROUGH THE MARTIAN DIRT
AND DEPOSIT THEM ON THE SURFACE.
IT'S LIKE TAKING A BOX OF CEREAL
THAT HAS FRUIT IN IT,
AND YOU SHAKE THE BOX AND THE
FRUIT ALL COMES TO THE TOP.
SAME MECHANISM.
BUT THERE'S A BIG PROBLEM
WITH THE MARSQUAKE THEORY.
WE DON'T KNOW IF MARS
HAS MARSQUAKES.
WE'VE NEVER MADE
THE MEASUREMENT, YOU KNOW.
WE DON'T KNOW
IF THE INTERIOR OF MARS
IS ACTIVE LIKE
THE INTERIOR OF THE EARTH.
ANOTHER POSSIBLE CLUE
TO THE ORIGIN OF MARSHENGE
COULD COME FROM
A STRANGE PHENOMENON
ON OUR OWN PLANET
IN DEATH VALLEY, CALIFORNIA.
HERE ON EARTH IN DEATH VALLEY,
FOR INSTANCE,
THERE ARE ROCKS THAT JUST SEEM
TO MOVE ON THEIR OWN,
AND WE KNOW WHAT THAT'S FROM...
THERE'S ICE UNDERNEATH THE ROCKS
AND WINDS PROPEL THEM
VERY SLOWLY ACROSS THE DESERT,
LEAVING LITTLE TRAILS.
SO THE QUESTION IS,
COULD THIS BE HAPPENING ON MARS?
ASTRONOMERS HAVE FOUND EVIDENCE
THAT ICE CAN FORM ON MARS,
BUT CLOSE ANALYSIS OF
THE IMAGE SUGGESTS
THAT IT CANNOT ACCOUNT
FOR THE ARRANGEMENT
OF THE MARSHENGE BOULDERS.
THESE ROCKS ARE SITTING UP
ON TOP OF A PEAK,
AND IT WOULD TAKE A LOT OF WIND
TO MOVE A ROCK ON A LOT OF ICE
TO GET IT UP ON TOP
OF A PEAK LIKE THIS.
AND ON MARS, WE DON'T HAVE AIR
THAT'S DENSE ENOUGH
TO MAKE THAT MUCH
OF A FORCEFUL WIND
THAT COULD DRIVE
A GIANT BOULDER.
THE GIANT BOULDERS
WERE NOT, IT SEEMS,
PUSHED THERE BY MARTIAN WINDS.
A DIFFERENT THEORY SUGGESTS
THE ROCKS MIGHT NOT BE FROM MARS
AT ALL.
MARS IS CONSTANTLY BEING
BOMBARDED BY METEORITES.
THERE ARE IMPACT CRATERS
ALL ACROSS ITS SURFACE.
IS IT POSSIBLE
THAT THIS STRUCTURE
IS THE RESULT
OF A CRATERING EVENT?
IMAGE ANALYSIS SEEMS
TO SUPPORT THIS IDEA.
IF YOU ZOOM OUT A LITTLE MORE,
WE SEE THERE'S ACTUALLY
A LARGER CIRCULAR PATTERN.
NOW, WHAT IS THAT?
MAYBE THIS IS
A SEDIMENT-FILLED CRATER.
NASA CALCULATES
THAT AROUND 200 ASTEROIDS
SMASH INTO
THE RED PLANET EVERY YEAR.
COULD ONE OF THESE IMPACTS
HAVE CREATED MARSHENGE?
IT'S UNLIKELY THAT
A LARGE IMPACT
WOULD LEAVE A COLLECTION
OF LARGE BOULDERS
AT THE BOTTOM OF THE CRATER.
IF IT WAS A LARGE ENOUGH
ASTEROID TO MAKE A CRATER,
THAT ASTEROID WOULD
ACTUALLY BREAK UP
INTO SMALLER AND SMALLER PIECES,
AND YOU WOULD SEE THE EJECT
OUTSIDE THE CRATER,
AND THAT'S NOT WHAT
WE SEE IN THIS CASE.
IN 2020, NASA WILL
SEND A NEXT-GENERATION ROVER
TO EXPLORE THE MARTIAN SURFACE.
ONE OF ITS OBJECTIVES
IS TO INVESTIGATE
THE GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES
THAT CREATED THE RED
PLANET'S STRANGE LANDSCAPE.
UNTIL THEN, THE ORIGIN
OF THE MYSTERIOUS MARSHENGE
WILL REMAIN UNEXPLAINED.
THIS IS ONE OF THOSE CASES
WHERE WE PROBABLY
WON'T KNOW THE ANSWER
TO HOW THIS ROCK
FORMATION FORMED
UNTIL WE GET ON THE GROUND
AT THAT LOCATION.
COMING UP, DOES NASA DATA SHOW
OUR PLANET'S MAGNETIC
FORCE FIELD IS COLLAPSING?
IF EARTH LOSES
ITS MAGNETIC FIELD,
WE'RE ON A PATHWAY
TO BECOME A DEAD, COLD WORLD,
JUST LIKE MARS.
WILL WE SURVIVE IT?
WE DON'T KNOW.
NASA DATA SEEMS TO SHOW
THAT THE EARTH'S
MAGNETIC FIELD HAS COLLAPSED.
IF THE DATA IS ACCURATE,
THEN WE'RE ALL
IN SERIOUS TROUBLE.
WITHOUT OUR MAGNETIC FIELD,
WE'D BE TOAST.
COULD THIS BE
THE APOCALYPTIC EVENT
SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN WARNING US
ABOUT FOR YEARS?
SOME PEOPLE THINK
THAT MAGNETIC POLE COLLAPSE
HAS LED TO MASS
EXTINCTIONS IN THE PAST.
WILL WE SURVIVE IT?
WE DON'T KNOW.
APRIL 23, 2016.
A NEWS WEBSITE REPORTS THAT,
AT 5:37 A.M.,
THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
SUFFERED A SUDDEN
AND TOTAL COLLAPSE.
EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
IS GENERATED
BY ITS OUTER CORE
OF MOLTEN IRON.
THIS FIELD EXTENDS
FAR OUT INTO SPACE
AND PROTECTS US
FROM SOLAR RADIATION
AND HARMFUL COSMIC RAYS.
IMAGES THE WEBSITE CLAIMS
ARE FROM NASA'S SPACE WEATHER
ANALYSIS SYSTEM
SEEM TO CONFIRM
AN IMMINENT GLOBAL CATASTROPHE.
YOU CAN CLEARLY SEE THIS BARRIER
PROTECTING THE EARTH
FROM AN ONSLAUGHT OF SOLAR
PARTICLES AND SOLAR WIND,
AND THEN, YOU CAN
SUDDENLY SEE IT'S GONE.
IF THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC
FIELD WERE TURNED OFF,
THAT WOULD BE
COMPLETELY DISASTROUS.
IF THE REPORT IS CORRECT,
EARTH IS NOW AT THE MERCY
OF A RELENTLESS
RADIOACTIVE ASSAULT
OF CHARGED PARTICLES
FROM DEEP SPACE.
PERHAPS MOST CATASTROPHICALLY,
THE SOLAR WIND WOULD ERODE
AWAY EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE.
THIS IS EFFECTIVELY
WHAT HAPPENED TO MARS
BILLIONS OF YEARS AGO,
SO IF EARTH LOSES
ITS MAGNETIC FIELD,
WE'RE ON A PATHWAY
TO BECOME A DEAD, COLD WORLD,
JUST LIKE MARS.
EARTH'S MAGNETOSPHERE
HAS EXISTED
FOR MORE THAN 3 BILLION YEARS.
ITS APPARENT, SUDDEN COLLAPSE
SHOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE.
SOMETHING LIKE THAT
DOESN'T JUST STOP.
IT DOESN'T JUST TURN OFF.
SO WHAT'S GOING ON HERE?
IS THERE SOMETHING THAT
PEOPLE ARE DOING ON EARTH
THAT COULD CREATE SOMETHING
THAT WOULD TURN OFF
THESE MAGNETIC FIELD?
SOME ONLINE REACTIONS
TO THE REPORT
FOCUS ON THE WORLD'S
MOST POWERFUL MAGNET
AS A POTENTIAL SUSPECT
FOR THE MAGNETOSPHERE'S FAILURE.
THE CERN LABORATORIES
LARGE HADRON COLLIDER
USES A 17-MILE-LONG MAGNETICALLY
POWERED PARTICLE ACCELERATOR
TO FIRE PROTONS AT EACH OTHER
AT ALMOST THE SPEED OF LIGHT
IN THE SEARCH FOR MYSTERIOUS
SUBATOMIC GOD PARTICLES.
IT IS THE LARGEST MACHINE
EVER BUILT BY MANKIND.
A LOT OF PEOPLE
ARE STARTING TO WONDER
WHETHER CERN MIGHT BE
HAVING AN EFFECT
ON THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
AND COULD BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR SHUTTING IT DOWN.
THE EXPERIMENTS PRODUCE
600 MILLION SUBATOMIC COLLISIONS
EVERY SECOND,
GENERATING TEMPERATURES
100,000 TIMES HOTTER
THAN THE CENTER OF THE SUN.
THE MAGNETIC FIELD CREATED
INSIDE THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER
ARE MORE THAN 100,000 TIMES
EARTH'S OWN MAGNETIC FIELD.
COULD THE FORCES
UNLEASHED AT CERN
INTERFERE WITH EARTH'S
MAGNETIC FIELD?
THE ANSWER IS NO.
IT DEFINITELY CANNOT.
CERN'S MAGNETIC FIELD
IS ALWAYS INSIDE
OF THE COLLIDER ITSELF.
IT DOESN'T PERMEATE OUTWARDS
ANYWHERE ELSE TO INTERFERE
WITH THE EARTH.
WHEN NASA HEARS ABOUT
THE WEBSITE'S CLAIM,
IT LAUNCHES AN INVESTIGATION.
THE SPACE AGENCY DISCOVERS
THAT THE ALARMING CLAIM
WAS BASED ON READINGS TAKEN
DURING A 2-HOUR GLITCH
IN ITS SPACE WEATHER
MODELING SOFTWARE.
THESE PEOPLE THAT
RUN THIS WEBSITE
LOOKED AT THE NO DATA
AND INTERPRETED
THAT AS NO MAGNETIC FIELD.
WHEN FACED WITH SOMETHING
THAT SEEMS IMPOSSIBLE,
THE FIRST THING YOU HAVE TO DO
IS CHECK YOUR DATA.
INVESTIGATORS ALSO DISCOVER
THAT THE WEBSITE
HAS BEEN ACCUSED
OF RUNNING FAKE NEWS STORIES
AND OF DOCTORING
SOURCE MATERIAL.
THE REPORTED COLLAPSE
NEVER HAPPENED,
BUT FOR SCIENTISTS,
THE FEAR THAT THE EARTH
COULD LOSE ITS MAGNETIC
FORCE FIELD IS VERY REAL.
EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
IS GETTING WEAKER,
AND THE RATE AT WHICH IT'S
WEAKENING IS ACCELERATING.
RECENT RESEARCH INDICATES
THIS WEAKENING IS A PRECURSOR
TO A POTENTIALLY
APOCALYPTIC EVENT
KNOWN AS A GEOMAGNETIC REVERSAL.
THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC
FIELD WEAKENS
BECAUSE OF A REALIGNMENT
OF THE IRON ATOMS
INSIDE THE LIQUID OUTER CORE.
THIS WILL EVENTUALLY LEAD
TO A FLIPPING OF THE POLES.
WHILE THE GEOGRAPHIC POLES
ALWAYS POINT IN GENERALLY
THE SAME DIRECTION,
THE MAGNETIC POLES
CAN AND DO MOVE
AND SOMETIMES EVEN
FLIP AROUND ENTIRELY.
WHEN THE POLES FLIP,
THE MAGNETIC FIELD
AROUND EARTH SHRINKS,
LEAVING OUR PLANET
DANGEROUSLY EXPOSED
FOR UP TO 200 YEARS.
IF A REVERSAL DOES HAPPEN,
THIS IS BAD NEWS FOR US.
THIS MEANS THAT OUR SATELLITES
WILL BE DAMAGED
BY SPACE RADIATION
AND THIS MEANS
THAT LIFE ON EARTH
WILL BE DAMAGED
BY SPACE RADIATION,
AND EVEN OUR ENTIRE
ATMOSPHERE MAY LOSE MASS
DUE TO EARTH'S LACK
OF A MAGNETIC FIELD.
SOME SCIENTISTS HAVE SUGGESTED
THAT GEOMAGNETIC FLIPS
HAVE LED TO MASS
EXTINCTIONS IN THE PAST.
THE LATEST RESEARCH INDICATES
THAT THE NEXT ONE
COULD STRIKE WITHIN DECADES.
HOW ARE WE GOING
TO PROTECT OURSELVES?
WILL WE SURVIVE IT?
WE DON'T KNOW.
COMING UP,
NASA DISCOVERS
A MYSTERIOUS CHASM
IN ONE OF SATURN'S RINGS.
IT'S LIKE SOMETHING
JUST PUNCHED CLEAN THROUGH
AND LEFT A HOLE BEHIND.
THERE'S NO KNOWN SPACECRAFT
THAT COULD'VE MADE
A HOLE THIS BIG.
A NASA PROBE STUDYING SATURN
CAPTURES AN INTRIGUING IMAGE.
THERE'S A HUGE HOLE
IN ONE OF SATURN'S RINGS.
IT'S LIKE SOMETHING
PUNCHED RIGHT THROUGH IT.
THE CAUSE OF THE GIANT CHASM
BAFFLES PLANETARY SCIENTISTS.
SOMETHING BIG, REALLY BIG,
CREATED THIS HOLE,
BUT WE CAN'T FIND IT.
2016.
NASA's CASSINI SPACECRAFT
IS 12 YEARS INTO ITS MISSION
TO STUDY SATURN,
THE SECOND LARGEST PLANET
IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM.
ON APRIL 8, CASSINI IS TASKED
WITH IMAGING
THE PLANET'S OUTER RING,
A BAND OF ICY DEBRIS KNOWN
AS THE "F" RING.
THE "F" RING IS A THIN,
LITTLE RING
THAT ALMOST LOOKS
LIKE BRAIDED WIRE
THAT GOES AROUND THE BIG,
MAJOR, FAT RINGS OF SATURN.
MATERIAL IN THE "F" RING
IS SO FINE
THAT IT'S ALMOST
LIKE FROZEN SMOKE.
WHEN THE CASSINI TEAM
AT NASA's JET PROPULSION
LABORATORY
STUDIED THE IMAGES,
THEY DISCOVER
SOMETHING UNEXPECTED.
IT'S LIKE SOMETHING
JUST PUNCHED CLEAN THROUGH
AND LEFT A HOLE BEHIND.
IT LOOKS REALLY WEIRD.
IT LOOKS LIKE MAYBE
THERE'S BEEN AN EXPLOSION
IN THE "F" RING.
A MYSTERIOUS FORCE OR OBJECT
APPEARS TO HAVE BLASTED
A 30,000-SQUARE-MILE HOLE
OUT OF THE ICY RING.
THIS HOLE IS SO LARGE,
YOU COULD FIT LAKE ERIE INTO IT.
ASTRONOMERS DISMISS THE IDEA
THAT ONE OF NASA's CRAFT
COULD BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR THE STRANGE EVENT.
THERE'S NO KNOWN SPACECRAFT
THAT COULD'VE MADE
A HOLE THIS BIG.
A CLUE TO THE ORIGIN
OF THE MYSTERY
COULD COME FROM THE TWO MOONS
THAT FLANK THE "F" RING...
PROMETHEUS AND PANDORA.
THESE TWO POTATO-SHAPED BALLS
OF ICE POLICE THE RING
AS THEY ORBIT
ON EITHER SIDE OF IT.
WELL, THESE TWO MOONS,
PROMETHEUS AND PANDORA,
ACT SORT OF LIKE BODYGUARDS.
THEY KIND OF KEEP THE
WANDERING PARTICLES IN TRACK.
IF ONE OF THE MOONS
WERE NOT THERE,
THE RING WOULD JUST SPREAD
BECAUSE EACH MOON
IS PUSHING FROM EACH SIDE
AND KEEPING IT FROM SPREADING.
PROMETHEUS,
THE LARGEST OF THE TWO MOONS,
ORBITS CLOSEST TO SATURN
AND HAS A HISTORY
OF CAUSING DISTURBANCES
IN THE "F" RING.
THE OBVIOUS SUSPECT,
BECAUSE IT REGULARLY COMES CLOSE
TO THE "F" RING
AND PULLS OUT LITTLE BITS.
IT DISTURBS IT AS IT
COMES CLOSE TO IT.
PROMETHEUS IS KIND
OF A COSMIC VANDAL.
BUT WHEN THE CASSINI TEAM
ANALYZE PROMETHEUS' POSITION
AT THE TIME OF THE INCIDENT,
THE THEORY FALLS DOWN.
IN THIS CASE, PROMETHEUS
HAS AN AIRTIGHT ALIBI...
IT WAS CLEAR ON
THE OTHER SIDE OF SATURN
WHEN THE HOLE APPEARED.
CLOSER ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGES
SUGGESTS PROMETHEUS' SISTER MOON
IS A MORE LIKELY SUSPECT.
IN THESE IMAGES,
PART OF THE MATERIAL
THAT'S BEING PULLED OUT
FROM THE RINGS
LOOKS LIKE IT'S POINTING
TOWARD PANDORA,
SO IT MIGHT BE PANDORA
BEING MISCHIEVOUS
AND CAUSING THIS DISTURBANCE.
THE IMAGES SEEM TO
PROVIDE STRONG EVIDENCE
THAT PANDORA'S
GRAVITATIONAL PULL
HAS DRAGGED MATERIAL
OUT OF THE "F" RING,
BUT SCIENTISTS CALCULATE
THAT THE 70-MILE-LONG MOON
COULD NOT BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR THE MASSIVE DISTURBANCE.
WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE MATH,
WE FIND OUT THAT PANDORA
WAS JUST TOO SMALL.
ITS GRAVITY IS JUST
NOT BIG ENOUGH
TO CAUSE THIS KIND
OF INTERRUPTION,
SO HERE, IT SEEMS TO JUST BE
AN INNOCENT BYSTANDER.
IT'S ACTUALLY OFF THE HOOK.
THE CASSINI IMAGES
PROVIDE NO FURTHER CLUES
TO THE ORIGIN
OF THE GIANT CHASM.
IT SEEMS A MYSTERY OBJECT
TRAVELED THROUGH THIS REGION
OF SPACE
AND THEN DISAPPEARED.
WHATEVER CAUSED THIS
SIMPLY ISN'T CAPTURED ON CAMERA.
IT'S GONE BEFORE
CASSINI CAN SPOT IT.
SOMETHING BIG, REALLY BIG,
CREATED THIS HOLE,
BUT WE CAN'T FIND IT.
SINCE THE HOLE WAS DISCOVERED,
CASSINI HAS PERFORMED
SEVERAL MORE FLY-BYS
OF THE MYSTERIOUS "F" RING.
THE EXACT CAUSE OF THE STRANGE
CHASM REMAINS UNEXPLAINED.
WE STILL DON'T KNOW FOR SURE
WHAT CAUSED THIS DISTURBANCE.
THE MORE WE LEARN ABOUT SATURN,
THE MORE QUESTIONS WE HAVE.
WE'RE JUST SCRATCHING
THE SURFACE.
Subtitles Diego Moraes
www.oakisland.tk
IS TO EXPLORE THE UNKNOWN.
WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT THE UNIVERSE
IS A TINY FRACTION
OF WHAT'S ACTUALLY OUT THERE.
IN THE SEARCH FOR ANSWERS,
IT LAUNCHES ITS SCIENTISTS
INTO SPACE,
ITS CRAFT BEYOND THE LIMITS
OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM.
WE HAVE NO IDEA
WHAT'S OUT THERE.
HEY, WHAT IS THAT?
THERE MIGHT BE DANGERS
LURKING IN THE DARKNESS.
WE RUN ACROSS MORE MYSTERIES
THAN DISCOVERIES.
WE DON'T KNOW WHAT IT'S
GONNA THROW AT US NEXT.
THE U.S. MILITARY
INTERCEPTS MAN-MADE SIGNALS
COMING FROM THE COSMOS
OVER A DECADE BEFORE THE LAUNCH
OF THE FIRST SPACECRAFT.
THEY'RE COMING FROM THE MOON.
WHO OR WHAT IS SENDING THEM?
I REALLY WONDER IF THE GERMANS
COULD HAVE GOTTEN TO THE MOON.
ACTUALLY, I THINK
THEY COULD HAVE.
A PROBE CAPTURES AN IMAGE
OF AN EERILY FAMILIAR STRUCTURE
ON THE RED PLANET.
I WOULD SAY I'M LOOKING
AT A AERIAL SATELLITE IMAGE
OF STONEHENGE.
YOU HAVE TO ASK YOURSELF,
"IS THIS EVIDENCE
OF CIVILIZATION ON MARS?"
AND AN EXPLORER
ENCOUNTERS AN ANCIENT TRIBE
WITH ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE
OF A DISTANT STAR SYSTEM.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OUT OF A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
THESE ARE
"NASA's UNEXPLAINED FILES."
NASA's Unexplained Files - SEASON 5
EP - 5 - Stonehenge on Mars
AN APOLLO ASTRONAUT SUDDENLY
BECOMES SICK WHILE ON THE MOON.
JACK SCHMITT'S SYMPTOMS
ARE VERY CONCERNING.
HIS NASAL PASSAGES GET INFLAMED.
HE STARTS COUGHING.
HE'S NOT IN GOOD SHAPE.
NASA STRUGGLES TO IDENTIFY
THE CAUSE OF
THE MYSTERY ILLNESS.
WE DIDN'T KNOW
WHAT WAS ON THE SURFACE.
COULD WE BRING BACK BUGS
THAT WOULD CONTAMINATE
THE WORLD?
IT COULD WIPE OUT
EVERYBODY ON EARTH.
DECEMBER 11, 1972.
THE CREW OF APOLLO 17
ARE ABOUT TO BECOME
THE LAST HUMANS
TO LAND ON ANOTHER WORLD.
HARRISON "JACK" SCHMITT
IS TASKED
WITH GUIDING THE MODULE DOWN
TO THE LUNAR SURFACE.
YOU'RE MONITORING THE HEALTH
OF THE SPACECRAFT.
IT MEANT THAT YOU
WERE CONTINUALLY READY
FOR ANY KIND OF A SITUATION
THAT MIGHT DEVELOP.
SCHMITT AND MISSION
COMMANDER EUGENE CERNAN'S
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE
IS TO COLLECT ROCK SAMPLES
FOR ANALYSIS BACK ON EARTH.
NOT ONLY IS THE CLOCK
TICKING AWAY,
BUT YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT'S GOING
TO BE AROUND THE NEXT ROCK
OR IN THE BOTTOM
OF THE NEXT CRATER
OR AT THE BASE
OF THE NEXT HIGH MOUNTAIN.
AT 7:00 A.M. ON DECEMBER 12,
THE TWO ASTRONAUTS COMPLETE
THEIR FIRST MOONWALK
AND RETURN TO THE LUNAR MODULE,
BUT THEN SCHMITT STARTS
ACTING STRANGELY.
SO AS THEY'RE TAKING
OFF THEIR SUITS,
JACK SCHMITT STARTS
HAVING A REACTION.
THEY'RE UNLOADING THE SAMPLES
AND THE ROCKS
THAT THEY'D COLLECTED
ON THE LUNAR SURFACE,
AND SUDDENLY, SCHMITT STARTS
TO FEEL UNWELL.
SCHMITT IS DISPLAYING
STRANGE FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS
AND FINDING IT INCREASINGLY
DIFFICULT TO BREATHE.
IT'S COME ON PRETTY FAST
JUST SINCE I CAME BACK.
HIS NASAL PASSAGES GET INFLAMED.
HE STARTS COUGHING.
I MEAN,
HE'S REALLY UNCOMFORTABLE.
HE'S NOT IN GOOD SHAPE.
JACK SCHMITT'S SYMPTOMS
ARE VERY CONCERNING.
THEY COME ON SUDDENLY.
THEY'RE VERY SEVERE.
MISSION CONTROL RACES
TO IDENTIFY
THE CAUSE
OF THE MYSTERY ILLNESS.
YOU CANNOT GET SICK IN SPACE.
IT CAN BE A CRITICAL SITUATION.
BEFORE LOOKING
AT THE POSSIBILITY
OF AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL DISEASE,
NASA MUST FIRST CONSIDER
WHETHER SCHMITT
IS SIMPLY HAVING A REACTION
TO A TERRESTRIAL VIRUS
OR BACTERIUM,
BUT APOLLO SCIENTISTS
AND ASTRONAUTS BELIEVE
THIS IS HIGHLY UNLIKELY.
EVEN BEFORE THEY LEAVE
THE EARTH TO GO TO THE MOON,
THEY'RE KEPT IN QUARANTINE.
THEY'RE KEPT OUT OF CONTACT
WITH ANY BUGS.
THEY JUST DON'T WANT
TO HAVE THEM SICK
WHEN THEY GO TO THE MOON.
THE INTERIOR OF THE SPACECRAFT
WAS PROBABLY AS CLEAN
AS AN OPERATING ROOM.
THEY MADE SURE THAT EVERYTHING
WAS ABSOLUTELY STERILE.
IF THE CAUSE OF
SCHMITT'S STRANGE SPACE ILLNESS
HASN'T COME FROM EARTH,
IT MUST COME
FROM SOMEWHERE ELSE.
HE WAS FINE OUT ROAMING
AROUND THE MOON,
BUT NOW HE'S REACTING.
IT'S GOT TO BE SOMETHING HE
BROUGHT BACK INTO THE CAPSULE.
IT WOULD HAVE
HAD TO BEEN SOMETHING
THAT WOULD'VE BEEN REALLY BAD
IF IT HAD OCCURRED THAT QUICKLY
AFTER HIS LUNAR EXPOSURE.
THE POSSIBILITY THAT SCHMITT
HAS CAUGHT A DISEASE ON THE MOON
ECHOES ONE OF NASA'S GREATEST
FEARS ABOUT THE APOLLO MISSIONS.
WE DIDN'T KNOW
WHAT WAS ON THE SURFACE.
COULD WE BRING BACK BUGS THAT
WOULD CONTAMINATE THE WORLD?
WHO KNOWS WHAT'S THERE?
AND MAYBE WE COULD MAKE A LOT
OF PEOPLE ON THE PLANET SICK.
FOR DECADES, SCIENTISTS BELIEVED
IT WASN'T POSSIBLE FOR BACTERIA
TO EXIST ON THE MOON,
BUT 3 YEARS BEFORE
THE APOLLO 17 MISSION,
ANALYSIS OF A NASA
CAMERA LEFT ON THE MOON
SEEMED TO INDICATE
THAT BACTERIA
HAD SURVIVED INSIDE IT
FOR OVER 2 1/2 YEARS.
THE DISCOVERY SUGGESTED
THAT DEADLY ORGANISMS
COULD INDEED SURVIVE ON THE MOON
AND TRAVEL TO EARTH.
THE POSSIBILITY
THAT MICROORGANISMS
COULD REMAIN ALIVE
ON THE SURFACE OF THE MOON
FOR 2 1/2 YEARS
IS TREMENDOUSLY
IMPORTANT TO SCIENCE.
IF THESE MICROORGANISMS
LIVED ON THE MOON
FOR 2 1/2 YEARS,
THAT SUPPORTS THIS IDEA
OF HOW LIFE COULD TRAVEL
FROM ONE BODY
TO ANOTHER IN SPACE.
HISTORY OFFERS FEARSOME EXAMPLES
OF WHAT CAN HAPPEN
WHEN ALIEN BUGS
ARE CARRIED TO NEW WORLDS.
DURING THE 15th
AND 16th CENTURIES,
EUROPEAN EXPLORERS
INTRODUCED VIRULENT DISEASES
TO THE AMERICAS,
KILLING COUNTLESS
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE.
A NIGHTMARE SCENARIO WOULD BE
THE SAME THING HAPPENING
WHEN JACK SCHMITT
RETURNS TO EARTH.
THE FEAR OF BRINGING BACK
AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL BUG
BACK TO EARTH
IS THAT OUR IMMUNE SYSTEMS
WOULD NOT BE SET UP
TO DEAL WITH IT.
IT COULD WIPE OUT
EVERYBODY ON EARTH.
WHATEVER IS WRONG WITH SCHMITT,
NASA DOESN'T WANT IT SPREADING.
A CLUE TO THE CAUSE
OF SCHMITT'S MYSTERIOUS ILLNESS
COMES FROM AUDIO RECORDINGS
OF THE APOLLO 17 MISSION.
SHORTLY BEFORE SCHMITT
STARTS FEELING UNWELL,
HE REPORTS SMELLING
SOMETHING LIKE GUNPOWDER.
THE STRANGE GUNPOWDER ODOR
HAS ALSO BEEN DETECTED
BY ASTRONAUTS
ON TWO PRIOR NASA MISSIONS.
WE KNOW WHAT
THE GUNPOWDER SMELL IS.
OTHER APOLLO MISSIONS
HAVE REPORTED IT, TOO.
IT'S MOON DUST.
SO THE CONNECTION HAD
TO BE THE LUNAR DUST
THAT CREATED A PROBLEM FOR JACK.
LUNAR DUST IS JAGGED.
IT'S GOT STATIC.
IT CLINGS TO EVERYTHING.
AS SCHMITT EXPLORED
THE LUNAR SURFACE,
DUST COVERED HIS SUIT
AND EQUIPMENT.
I'VE STIRRED IT UP WITH MY FEET.
IT APPEARS HE THEN
INHALED A LUNGFUL
OF THE SHARP, ULTRA-DRY SHARDS.
IF IT GETS INTO THE BLOODSTREAM,
IT COULD SCAVENGE THE OXYGEN
OUT OF THE BLOOD
AND MAKE IT MUCH WORSE
THAN JUST A SNIFFLE.
IT ACTUALLY COULD KILL YOU.
A FEW HOURS LATER,
SCHMITT'S SYMPTOMS
BEGIN TO EASE,
BUT HE MUST WAIT
UNTIL HE RETURNS TO EARTH
TO DISCOVER HOW MUCH DAMAGE
THE TOXIC DUST
HAS DONE TO HIS AIRWAYS.
YOU JUST HAVE TO TOUGH IT OUT.
THERE'S NOT A THING YOU CAN DO.
YOU'RE STUCK TO A FLIGHT PLAN
THAT'S IN CONCRETE.
AT 10:54 P.M. ON DECEMBER 14,
SCHMITT AND HIS FELLOW
ASTRONAUTS
BEGIN THEIR PERILOUS
JOURNEY BACK HOME.
FOUR DAYS LATER,
THE APOLLO 17 MODULE
SPLASHES DOWN
IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN.
NASA MEDICS WHO INSPECT THE CREW
FIND NO EVIDENCE
OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION
AND CONCLUDE THAT SCHMITT
SUFFERED SOME KIND
OF ALLERGIC REACTION
TO THE LUNAR DUST...
A REACTION THAT HAS POTENTIALLY
DISASTROUS IMPLICATIONS
FOR ANY FUTURE HUMAN ACTIVITY
ON THE MOON.
IF WE'RE GOING TO GO BACK
TO THE MOON FOR A LONG TIME,
WE NEED TO GET A HANDLE
ON THIS DUST ISSUE.
MAYBE MILLIONS OF PEOPLE
ARE ALLERGIC TO LUNAR DUST.
WE JUST DON'T KNOW.
COMING UP, A REMOTE TRIBE
CLAIMS THEIR ADVANCED
KNOWLEDGE OF THE COSMOS
WAS GIVEN TO THEM
BY CELESTIAL VISITORS.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OF A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
AN EXPLORER ENCOUNTERS
AN ANCIENT TRIBE
WITH ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE
OF THE COSMOS.
THE LEGENDS APPEAR TO CONTAIN
DETAILED
ASTRONOMICAL INFORMATION
THEY COULD NOT HAVE
DISCOVERED BY THEMSELVES.
HOW COULD THEY KNOW THAT?
THE TRIBE CLAIM
THEIR KNOWLEDGE IS A GIFT
FROM CELESTIAL VISITORS
HUNDREDS OF YEARS AGO.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OUT OF A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
1931.
AFTER TREKKING FOR
HUNDREDS OF MILES
THROUGH THE JUNGLES
OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA,
FRENCH ANTHROPOLOGIST
MARCEL GRIAULE
REACHES THE COUNTRY OF MALI.
THERE, HE AND HIS TEAM MEET
WITH LOCAL TRIBESPEOPLE
KNOWN AS THE DOGON.
THESE ANTHROPOLOGISTS
LIVED WITH THE DOGON,
PARTICIPATED IN THEIR RITES,
LEARNED THEIR CULTURE.
HE GAINS THEIR TRUST,
THEIR CONFIDENCE,
AND THEY START TELLING HIM
THEIR MOST SACRED MYTHOLOGY.
AS HE TALKS TO THE DOGON ELDERS,
GRIAULE LEARNS THAT THE REMOTE
TRIBE'S MYTHOLOGIES
CONTAIN ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE
OF THE COSMOS.
THEY TALK ABOUT JUPITER
AS HAVING FOUR MOONS.
THEY TALK ABOUT SATURN
AS HAVING A RING.
THEY SEEM TO CONTAIN DETAILED
ASTRONOMICAL INFORMATION
THEY COULD NOT HAVE
DISCOVERED BY THEMSELVES.
THE MOST INTRIGUING
STORIES CONCERN A STAR
IN THE CONSTELLATION
CANIS MAJOR.
THESE MYTHOLOGIES INVOLVE
WHAT LOOKS LIKE
THE BRIGHTEST STAR
IN THE SKY, SIRIUS.
GRIAULE FOUND THAT
THE DOGON ELDERS
HAD INFORMATION
ABOUT THE STAR SIRIUS
THAT NO ONE COULD EXPLAIN
HOW THEY FOUND THAT OUT.
THE DOGON TELL GRIAULE
THAT SIRIUS HAS AN INVISIBLE
COMPANION STAR
ORBITING AROUND IT.
WHEN GRIAULE RETURNS TO FRANCE,
HE LEARNS FROM ASTRONOMERS
THAT THIS COMPANION STAR
DOES EXIST,
BUT IS ONLY VISIBLE
USING TELESCOPES...
...TELESCOPES THE DOGON
DO NOT POSSESS.
THE DOGON GAVE
DETAILS ABOUT SIRIUS
THAT WOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO KNOW
WITHOUT CURRENT
ASTRONOMICAL EQUIPMENT.
THIS STRIKES
THE FRENCH ANTHROPOLOGIST
AS INCREDIBLY REMARKABLE.
THE DOGON TRIBE DID NOT
HAVE TELESCOPES,
SO HOW DID THEY KNOW ABOUT
SIRIUS' LITTLE STELLAR
COMPANION?
THE EXISTENCE
OF THE COMPANION STAR,
CALLED SIRIUS B,
HAD BEEN ESTABLISHED
BY ASTRONOMERS SEVERAL DECADES
BEFORE GRIAULE'S ARRIVAL.
THIS LEADS SOME TO SUGGEST
THAT PERHAPS OTHER TRADERS
OR VISITORS HAD REVEALED
THIS EXISTENCE TO THE DOGON.
THE SIMPLEST EXPLANATION
WOULD BE THAT THE DOGON
PICKED UP THIS INFORMATION
IN RECENT TIMES,
PERHAPS EVEN
JUST SLIGHTLY BEFORE
GRIAULE WAS THERE IN THE 1930s.
IT'S A PLAUSIBLE
THEORY, BUT IT HAS A MAJOR FLAW.
THE REALLY STRANGE THING
ABOUT THE DOGON TRADITION
IS THAT IT DATES BACK
TO BEFORE THE ERA
OF ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS.
THE KNOWLEDGE EXISTED
FOR MANY CENTURIES
BEFORE SIRIUS B WAS EVEN KNOWN.
DURING HIS TIME WITH THE DOGON,
GRIAULE OBSERVES THEM
CONDUCTING STRANGE RITUALS
TO MARK THE PASSAGE
OF THE INVISIBLE STAR.
EVEN THOUGH THEY CANNOT SEE IT,
THEY SEEM TO BE ABLE
TO PREDICT ITS MOVEMENT.
SO THEY ALSO GOT THE ORBITAL
PERIOD CORRECT... 50 YEARS.
SO HOW COULD THEY KNOW THAT?
IF YOU WERE TO LOOK
AT A MODERN DRAWING
OF THE ORBITS OF SIRIUS
AND SIRIUS B
AND COMPARE THAT
TO THE ANCIENT DOGON DRAWING,
YOU'LL SEE THEY MATCH UP
ALMOST IDENTICALLY.
THE REMOTE TRIBE
APPEARED TO UNDERSTAND
THE ORBITAL MECHANISMS OF A STAR
ALMOST 9 LIGHT-YEARS FROM EARTH.
SOME DISMISS THIS
AS PURE COINCIDENCE.
SIRIUS IS THE BRIGHTEST
STAR IN THE SKY,
AND YOU MAKE UP
STORIES ABOUT IT,
AND MAYBE IT'S NOT
SO SURPRISING THAT,
OCCASIONALLY, THOSE STORIES
TURN OUT TO BE RIGHT.
DUMB LUCK MIGHT EXPLAIN
TWO CORRECT
ASTRONOMICAL PREDICTIONS,
BUT THE DOGON LEGEND ALSO REVEAL
A THIRD PROPHECY ABOUT SIRIUS B.
THEY CLAIM THAT IT IS WHITE
AND MADE FROM THE HEAVIEST
METAL IN THE UNIVERSE.
ONE THING THEY SAID
ABOUT SIRIUS B
IS THAT IT'S MADE UP OF VERY,
VERY HEAVY, VERY DENSE MATERIAL.
FOR 7 DECADES,
SCIENTISTS CAN ONLY SPECULATE
AS TO HOW MUCH OF THE DOGON'S
ASTRONOMICAL KNOWLEDGE IS TRUE.
IN 2005, NASA BEGINS DEEP
SPACE OBSERVATIONS
OF SIRIUS B USING
THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE.
THE STATE-OF-THE-ART
SATELLITE DATA SHOWS THAT,
INCREDIBLY, THE DOGON
WERE RIGHT ONCE AGAIN.
NASA'S HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE
FINALLY GETS US
THE INFORMATION WE NEED.
SIRIUS B IS A WHITE DWARF STAR.
IT'S A DEAD STAR
THAT'S INCREDIBLY DENSE.
ONE TEASPOON WOULD WEIGH
OVER 1 TON.
THE NASA DISCOVERY
SEEMS TO CONFIRM
THAT THE ANCIENT TRIBESPEOPLE
HAVE SOMEHOW ACQUIRED
DETAILED INFORMATION
ABOUT A STAR
THAT IS INVISIBLE TO THEM.
SO HOW DID THEY COME
TO THIS KNOWLEDGE,
WHICH WE OBSERVE
TO BE TRUE IN LARGE PART?
THE DOGON CLAIM
THAT THEY RECEIVED
THE INFORMATION ABOUT SIRIUS B
DIRECTLY FROM BEINGS
WHO LIVED IN THAT STAR SYSTEM.
THE DOGON TELL GRIAULE
THAT THESE CELESTIAL BEINGS
VISITED THEIR ANCESTORS
MANY GENERATIONS AGO.
THEY HONOR THEM WITH
RITUALISTIC MASS DANCES.
THEY CALL THEM THE TEACHERS.
THE TEACHERS HAVE COME TO EARTH
SOME TIME IN THE PAST
TO TEACH THEM THINGS
THAT THEY WOULD
OTHERWISE NOT KNOW.
ACCORDING TO THE DOGON,
THE TEACHERS LIVE
ON A THIRD STAR NEAR SIRIUS B.
THIS THIRD STAR HAS YET
TO BE DISCOVERED,
BUT GRAVITATIONAL STUDIES
OF THE STAR SYSTEM
SUGGESTS THAT IT MIGHT EXIST.
WE CAN ACTUALLY
SCIENTIFICALLY EXAMINE THE IDEA
THAT THERE'S THIS THIRD STAR
IN THE SIRIUS SYSTEM,
AND A PAPER WAS
PUBLISHED IN 1995
THAT SHOWED THAT PERHAPS THERE
IS A THIRD COMPANION STAR,
AND IT HAS AN ORBIT OF
ABOUT 6 YEARS.
THE EXISTENCE OF THE THIRD STAR
REMAINS UNCONFIRMED.
THE SEARCH FOR THE ORIGIN
OF THE DOGON'S MYSTERIOUS
ASTRONOMICAL KNOWLEDGE
CONTINUES.
IT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING
STRAIGHT OUT A SCI-FI MOVIE,
BUT IN FACT, THERE MAY BE
SOME TRUTH TO IT.
COMING UP,
THE U.S. MILITARY
INTERCEPTS MAN-MADE SIGNALS
COMING FROM THE MOON
TWO DECADES BEFORE THE FIRST
LUNAR LANDINGS.
GERMAN ROCKET TECHNOLOGY
IN THE SECOND HALF,
IN PARTICULAR, OF WORLD WAR II
WAS SHOCKINGLY ADVANCED.
I REALLY WONDER IF THE GERMANS
COULD'VE GOTTEN TO THE MOON.
ACTUALLY, I THINK
THEY COULD HAVE.
COLD WAR SCIENTISTS DETECT
MYSTERIOUS RADIO SIGNALS
FROM OUTER SPACE.
THEY'RE COMING FROM THE MOON.
WHO OR WHAT IS SENDING THEM?
THE SIGNALS APPEAR
MORE THAN 2 DECADES
BEFORE THE FIRST
RECORDED MOON LANDING.
WHEN WE LOOK A BIT CLOSER,
THESE SIGNALS DON'T LOOK
LIKE NATURAL COSMIC EMISSIONS.
THE U.S. ARMY
INVESTIGATES THE SOURCE
OF THE MYSTERIOUS TRANSMISSION.
I HAVE HEARD THAT THE GERMANS
DEVELOPED A MOON ROCKET
BEFORE THEY WERE
DEFEATED IN 1945.
JANUARY, 1946.
AT THE DAWN OF THE COLD WAR,
A FRAGILE PEACE HOLDS
BETWEEN THE SUPERPOWERS.
THE SOVIET UNION HAS TAKEN OVER
VIRTUALLY EVERY COUNTRY
IN EASTERN EUROPE,
AND THE U.S. IS ON HIGH ALERT.
A NEW INVISIBLE WAR
RAGES ACROSS THE AIRWAVES.
THE COLD WAR IS A PERIOD
OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAT-AND-MOUSE
BETWEEN THE SUPERPOWERS.
THERE'S THIS VERY SOLID
UNDERSTANDING
ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF RADAR
TO NATIONAL SECURITY,
NATIONAL DEFENSE.
AT 11:58 A.M. ON JANUARY 10,
A UNITED STATES ARMY
SIGNAL CORPS RADAR STATION
IN WALL TOWNSHIP, NEW JERSEY,
INTERCEPTS A SERIES
OF STRANGE SIGNALS.
THE U.S. PICKS UP SIGNALS.
SOUNDS REALLY ODD,
BUT IT SEEMS AS IF THEY'RE
COMING FROM OUTER SPACE.
ANALYSIS OF THE DATA REVEALS
THAT THE SIGNALS ARE COMING
FROM ONE PARTICULAR POINT...
THE MOON.
IT'S 1946.
THE MOON IS STILL
SUCH AN ENIGMA,
SO THAT'S WHY IT'S SO SURPRISING
THERE ARE ARTIFICIAL
RADIO SIGNALS
THAT APPEAR TO BE
COMING FROM IT.
WHEN WE LOOK A BIT CLOSER,
THESE SIGNALS DON'T LOOK LIKE
NATURAL COSMIC EMISSIONS.
IN FACT, THEY LOOK A LOT
LIKE RADAR SIGNALS.
WHO OR WHAT CAN BE BROADCASTING
FROM OUR NATURAL SATELLITE
OVER 230,000 MILES AWAY?
NEITHER U.S. NOR SOVIET PROBES
WILL REACH THE MOON
FOR ANOTHER 2 DECADES.
THE TRANSMISSIONS RAISE
THE TERRIFYING POSSIBILITY
ANOTHER NATION HAS BEATEN THE
REST OF THE WORLD TO THE PUNCH.
I HAVE HEARD THAT THE GERMANS
DEVELOPED A MOON ROCKET
BEFORE THEY WERE
DEFEATED IN 1945.
GERMAN ROCKET TECHNOLOGY
IN THE SECOND HALF,
IN PARTICULAR, OF WORLD WAR II
WAS SHOCKINGLY ADVANCED.
ON OCTOBER 3, 1942,
THE GERMAN V-2 ROCKET
BECAME THE FIRST MAN-MADE
OBJECT TO ENTER SPACE.
AT THE END OF WORLD WAR II,
ITS INVENTOR, WERNHER von BRAUN,
SURRENDERED TO ALLIED FORCES
AND WENT ON TO THE DESIGN
THE ROCKET
THAT LAUNCHED AMERICA'S
FIRST SPACE SATELLITE.
WE WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN
ABLE TO LAND ON THE MOON
IF IT HADN'T BEEN
FOR THE GERMANS.
WERNHER von BRAUN WAS A GENIUS.
MAY HAVE BEEN A NAZI,
BUT HE WAS A GENIUS.
I REALLY WONDER IF THE GERMANS
COULD'VE GOTTEN TO THE MOON.
ACTUALLY, I THINK
THEY COULD HAVE.
NAZI ROCKET TECHNOLOGY
MAY HAVE THEORETICALLY BEEN
CAPABLE OF REACHING THE MOON,
BUT THERE IS NO EVIDENCE
THAT GERMANS PLACED RADAR
EQUIPMENT ON THE LUNAR SURFACE.
U.S. ARMY ENGINEERS IDENTIFIED
THE MYSTERIOUS SIGNAL
AS THEIR OWN,
BUT WEAKENED BY A FACTOR
OF SEVERAL BILLION.
SOME OF THEIR OWN RADAR SIGNALS
THAT ARE ESCAPING FROM THE EARTH
AND THEN ARE RETURNING,
HAVING BOUNCED OFF THE MOON.
THE MOON SEEMS TO BE ACTING
LIKE A GIANT REFLECTOR DISH,
BOUNCING TRANSMITTED
RADAR SIGNALS BACK TO THE EARTH.
FOR THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY,
THE DISCOVERY PRESENTS
AN INCREDIBLE OPPORTUNITY.
THE U.S. IMMEDIATELY
SEES THE POTENTIAL
BECAUSE IT REALIZES
IF IT CAN DETECT ITS OWN SIGNALS
BOUNCING OFF THE MOON,
IT CAN ALSO POTENTIALLY
INTERCEPT RUSSIAN SIGNALS
DOING THE SAME THING.
IF IT WORKS, IT COULD GIVE
THE UNITED STATES
A VITAL ADVANTAGE
OVER THEIR COLD WAR ENEMY.
IN 1948, THE U.S. GOVERNMENT
AUTHORIZES THE NAVY
TO BEGIN INTERCEPTING
AND ANALYZING RADAR MESSAGES
FROM THE MOON.
HE CALLS THE PROJECT
"OPERATION MOON BOUNCE."
THE GREAT THING
ABOUT OPERATION MOON BOUNCE
IS THE RUSSIANS WILL NEVER KNOW
YOU'RE LISTENING IN
TO THEIR RADAR SIGNALS.
REFINING THIS TECHNOLOGY
TAKES MORE THAN 15 YEARS,
BUT IN JANUARY 1964,
OPERATION MOON BOUNCE
HAS ITS FIRST MAJOR SUCCESS.
THE NAVY'S CHESAPEAKE BAY
FACILITY
INTERCEPTS RADAR SIGNALS
FROM A MILITARY COMPLEX
INSIDE THE SOVIET UNION.
THE SIGNAL ITSELF ORIGINATES
FROM A NEW CLASS OF SOVIET
BALLISTIC WARNING SYSTEMS
CALLED THE HEN HOUSE RADARS.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE SIGNALS
REVEALS SOMETHING DISTURBING.
IT'S NOT QUITE LIKE
RADAR SIGNALS
THEY'VE SEEN BEFORE.
THE DETAILS
OF THIS TYPE OF RADAR
TELL THEM THE SOVIETS
HAVE A NEW BALLISTIC
MISSILE DETECTION SYSTEM.
THE SOVIET RADAR
OPERATES ON A WAVELENGTH
PERFECT FOR DETECTING
FAST-MOVING OBJECTS
OUTSIDE OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE.
IN THEORY, THE RUSSIANS
WILL BE ABLE TO DETECT
ANY U.S. MISSILE
WITHIN MINUTES OF LAUNCH.
THE DISCOVERY OF THIS TECHNOLOGY
HOLDS HUGE VALUE TO AMERICAN
INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES.
THE C.I.A. ARE NOW
ABLE TO WORK OUT
THE CAPABILITIES
OF THE ENEMY RADAR SYSTEM,
WHICH MEANS THE MILITARY
CAN START TO OUTWIT IT.
OPERATION MOON BOUNCE
IS A SUCCESS,
AND AMERICA WINS
A DECISIVE BATTLE
IN THE FIELD OF COLD WAR
ESPIONAGE,
THANKS TO A 4.5-BILLION-YEAR-OLD
NATURAL SATELLITE IN SPACE.
SPYING ON THE SOVIETS
VIA THE MOON
HAS GIVEN THE U.S.
SIGNIFICANT TRACTION
IN ITS QUEST FOR COLD WAR
ENEMY INTELLIGENCE.
COMING UP, NASA
DISCOVERS A BIZARRE STRUCTURE
ON THE SURFACE OF MARS.
THIS IS REALLY WEIRD.
WE'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING
LIKE THIS BEFORE.
THIS REMINDS ME
VERY MUCH OF SOMETHING
WE HAVE RIGHT HERE ON EARTH,
AND THAT SOMETHING
IS STONEHENGE.
A NASA PROBE CAPTURES AN IMAGE
OF A WEIRDLY FAMILIAR STRUCTURE
ON THE SURFACE OF MARS.
I WOULD SAY I'M LOOKING
AT AN AERIAL SATELLITE IMAGE
OF STONEHENGE.
IT LOOKS SORT OF INTENTIONAL,
DOESN'T IT?
WHO OR WHAT MADE MARSHENGE?
YOU HAVE TO ASK YOURSELF,
IS THIS EVIDENCE
OF CIVILIZATION ON MARS?
SEPTEMBER 25, 2012.
NASA's $720-MILLION MARS
RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER
CIRCLES 170 MILES
ABOVE THE RED PLANET.
ITS STATE-OF-THE-ART
HiRISE CAMERA
CAPTURES A REMARKABLE IMAGE.
THIS IMAGE FROM HiRISE SHOWS
A CLUSTER OF ROCKS.
THEY SEEM TO BE ORIENTED
IN A GENERAL SET
OF CONCENTRIC CIRCLES.
THE SYMMETRY IS STRANGE.
WHAT'S EVEN MORE INTRIGUING
IS THAT THEY ARE
SITTING ON A MOUND
THAT JUST SEEMS TO
BE SIZED PERFECTLY.
LIKE MANY TERRESTRIAL MONUMENTS,
THE ROCKS FORM A CIRCLE
AROUND AN INNER GROUPING
OF LARGER STONES.
THIS REMINDS ME
VERY MUCH OF SOMETHING
WE HAVE RIGHT HERE ON EARTH,
AND THAT SOMETHING
IS STONEHENGE.
IF I WASN'T MISTAKEN,
I WOULD SAY I'M LOOKING
AT A AERIAL
SATELLITE IMAGE OF STONEHENGE.
THEY BOTH HAVE
CONCENTRIC CIRCLES
WITH A SQUARE
OR A RECTANGLE IN THE MIDDLE.
THAT'S EXACTLY WHAT
I'M LOOKING AT HERE.
THE FAMOUS CIRCLE AT STONEHENGE
IS MORE THAN 5,000 YEARS OLD
AND HAS MYSTIFIED
ARCHAEOLOGISTS FOR CENTURIES.
AT THIS SACRED PLACE,
PAGAN PRIESTS
OF ANCIENT DRUID CULTS
COMMUNED WITH THE STARS.
ITS PURPOSE STILL
ISN'T KNOWN FOR SURE,
BUT IT SEEMS TO BE ALIGNED
TOWARDS ASTRONOMICAL EVENTS
LIKE WINTER
AND SUMMER SOLSTICES.
THE VISUAL
SIMILARITIES PROVOKE SPECULATION
THE WEIRD MARTIAN FORMATION
COULD SERVE A SIMILAR PURPOSE.
ARE WE LOOKING AT SOMETHING
THAT MIGHT BE THE EQUIVALENT
OF STONEHENGE ON MARS,
A MARSHENGE?
YOU HAVE TO ASK YOURSELF,
IS THIS EVIDENCE
OF CIVILIZATION ON MARS?
TO DATE, THERE IS NO EVIDENCE
TO SUPPORT THE EXISTENCE
OF MONUMENT BUILDINGS ON MARS.
SOME PLANETARY SCIENTISTS
HAVE A MORE NATURAL EXPLANATION
FOR MARSHENGE.
ON EARTH, WHENEVER WE SEE
UNUSUAL ROCK FORMATIONS,
GEOLOGISTS WILL CONSIDER
THAT MAYBE THEY'VE BEEN SHAPED
OR INFLUENCED
BY SEISMIC ACTIVITY.
THEORETICALLY,
VIOLENT SEISMIC SHAKING
COULD PUSH THE MARSHENGE ROCKS
UP THROUGH THE MARTIAN DIRT
AND DEPOSIT THEM ON THE SURFACE.
IT'S LIKE TAKING A BOX OF CEREAL
THAT HAS FRUIT IN IT,
AND YOU SHAKE THE BOX AND THE
FRUIT ALL COMES TO THE TOP.
SAME MECHANISM.
BUT THERE'S A BIG PROBLEM
WITH THE MARSQUAKE THEORY.
WE DON'T KNOW IF MARS
HAS MARSQUAKES.
WE'VE NEVER MADE
THE MEASUREMENT, YOU KNOW.
WE DON'T KNOW
IF THE INTERIOR OF MARS
IS ACTIVE LIKE
THE INTERIOR OF THE EARTH.
ANOTHER POSSIBLE CLUE
TO THE ORIGIN OF MARSHENGE
COULD COME FROM
A STRANGE PHENOMENON
ON OUR OWN PLANET
IN DEATH VALLEY, CALIFORNIA.
HERE ON EARTH IN DEATH VALLEY,
FOR INSTANCE,
THERE ARE ROCKS THAT JUST SEEM
TO MOVE ON THEIR OWN,
AND WE KNOW WHAT THAT'S FROM...
THERE'S ICE UNDERNEATH THE ROCKS
AND WINDS PROPEL THEM
VERY SLOWLY ACROSS THE DESERT,
LEAVING LITTLE TRAILS.
SO THE QUESTION IS,
COULD THIS BE HAPPENING ON MARS?
ASTRONOMERS HAVE FOUND EVIDENCE
THAT ICE CAN FORM ON MARS,
BUT CLOSE ANALYSIS OF
THE IMAGE SUGGESTS
THAT IT CANNOT ACCOUNT
FOR THE ARRANGEMENT
OF THE MARSHENGE BOULDERS.
THESE ROCKS ARE SITTING UP
ON TOP OF A PEAK,
AND IT WOULD TAKE A LOT OF WIND
TO MOVE A ROCK ON A LOT OF ICE
TO GET IT UP ON TOP
OF A PEAK LIKE THIS.
AND ON MARS, WE DON'T HAVE AIR
THAT'S DENSE ENOUGH
TO MAKE THAT MUCH
OF A FORCEFUL WIND
THAT COULD DRIVE
A GIANT BOULDER.
THE GIANT BOULDERS
WERE NOT, IT SEEMS,
PUSHED THERE BY MARTIAN WINDS.
A DIFFERENT THEORY SUGGESTS
THE ROCKS MIGHT NOT BE FROM MARS
AT ALL.
MARS IS CONSTANTLY BEING
BOMBARDED BY METEORITES.
THERE ARE IMPACT CRATERS
ALL ACROSS ITS SURFACE.
IS IT POSSIBLE
THAT THIS STRUCTURE
IS THE RESULT
OF A CRATERING EVENT?
IMAGE ANALYSIS SEEMS
TO SUPPORT THIS IDEA.
IF YOU ZOOM OUT A LITTLE MORE,
WE SEE THERE'S ACTUALLY
A LARGER CIRCULAR PATTERN.
NOW, WHAT IS THAT?
MAYBE THIS IS
A SEDIMENT-FILLED CRATER.
NASA CALCULATES
THAT AROUND 200 ASTEROIDS
SMASH INTO
THE RED PLANET EVERY YEAR.
COULD ONE OF THESE IMPACTS
HAVE CREATED MARSHENGE?
IT'S UNLIKELY THAT
A LARGE IMPACT
WOULD LEAVE A COLLECTION
OF LARGE BOULDERS
AT THE BOTTOM OF THE CRATER.
IF IT WAS A LARGE ENOUGH
ASTEROID TO MAKE A CRATER,
THAT ASTEROID WOULD
ACTUALLY BREAK UP
INTO SMALLER AND SMALLER PIECES,
AND YOU WOULD SEE THE EJECT
OUTSIDE THE CRATER,
AND THAT'S NOT WHAT
WE SEE IN THIS CASE.
IN 2020, NASA WILL
SEND A NEXT-GENERATION ROVER
TO EXPLORE THE MARTIAN SURFACE.
ONE OF ITS OBJECTIVES
IS TO INVESTIGATE
THE GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES
THAT CREATED THE RED
PLANET'S STRANGE LANDSCAPE.
UNTIL THEN, THE ORIGIN
OF THE MYSTERIOUS MARSHENGE
WILL REMAIN UNEXPLAINED.
THIS IS ONE OF THOSE CASES
WHERE WE PROBABLY
WON'T KNOW THE ANSWER
TO HOW THIS ROCK
FORMATION FORMED
UNTIL WE GET ON THE GROUND
AT THAT LOCATION.
COMING UP, DOES NASA DATA SHOW
OUR PLANET'S MAGNETIC
FORCE FIELD IS COLLAPSING?
IF EARTH LOSES
ITS MAGNETIC FIELD,
WE'RE ON A PATHWAY
TO BECOME A DEAD, COLD WORLD,
JUST LIKE MARS.
WILL WE SURVIVE IT?
WE DON'T KNOW.
NASA DATA SEEMS TO SHOW
THAT THE EARTH'S
MAGNETIC FIELD HAS COLLAPSED.
IF THE DATA IS ACCURATE,
THEN WE'RE ALL
IN SERIOUS TROUBLE.
WITHOUT OUR MAGNETIC FIELD,
WE'D BE TOAST.
COULD THIS BE
THE APOCALYPTIC EVENT
SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN WARNING US
ABOUT FOR YEARS?
SOME PEOPLE THINK
THAT MAGNETIC POLE COLLAPSE
HAS LED TO MASS
EXTINCTIONS IN THE PAST.
WILL WE SURVIVE IT?
WE DON'T KNOW.
APRIL 23, 2016.
A NEWS WEBSITE REPORTS THAT,
AT 5:37 A.M.,
THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
SUFFERED A SUDDEN
AND TOTAL COLLAPSE.
EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
IS GENERATED
BY ITS OUTER CORE
OF MOLTEN IRON.
THIS FIELD EXTENDS
FAR OUT INTO SPACE
AND PROTECTS US
FROM SOLAR RADIATION
AND HARMFUL COSMIC RAYS.
IMAGES THE WEBSITE CLAIMS
ARE FROM NASA'S SPACE WEATHER
ANALYSIS SYSTEM
SEEM TO CONFIRM
AN IMMINENT GLOBAL CATASTROPHE.
YOU CAN CLEARLY SEE THIS BARRIER
PROTECTING THE EARTH
FROM AN ONSLAUGHT OF SOLAR
PARTICLES AND SOLAR WIND,
AND THEN, YOU CAN
SUDDENLY SEE IT'S GONE.
IF THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC
FIELD WERE TURNED OFF,
THAT WOULD BE
COMPLETELY DISASTROUS.
IF THE REPORT IS CORRECT,
EARTH IS NOW AT THE MERCY
OF A RELENTLESS
RADIOACTIVE ASSAULT
OF CHARGED PARTICLES
FROM DEEP SPACE.
PERHAPS MOST CATASTROPHICALLY,
THE SOLAR WIND WOULD ERODE
AWAY EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE.
THIS IS EFFECTIVELY
WHAT HAPPENED TO MARS
BILLIONS OF YEARS AGO,
SO IF EARTH LOSES
ITS MAGNETIC FIELD,
WE'RE ON A PATHWAY
TO BECOME A DEAD, COLD WORLD,
JUST LIKE MARS.
EARTH'S MAGNETOSPHERE
HAS EXISTED
FOR MORE THAN 3 BILLION YEARS.
ITS APPARENT, SUDDEN COLLAPSE
SHOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE.
SOMETHING LIKE THAT
DOESN'T JUST STOP.
IT DOESN'T JUST TURN OFF.
SO WHAT'S GOING ON HERE?
IS THERE SOMETHING THAT
PEOPLE ARE DOING ON EARTH
THAT COULD CREATE SOMETHING
THAT WOULD TURN OFF
THESE MAGNETIC FIELD?
SOME ONLINE REACTIONS
TO THE REPORT
FOCUS ON THE WORLD'S
MOST POWERFUL MAGNET
AS A POTENTIAL SUSPECT
FOR THE MAGNETOSPHERE'S FAILURE.
THE CERN LABORATORIES
LARGE HADRON COLLIDER
USES A 17-MILE-LONG MAGNETICALLY
POWERED PARTICLE ACCELERATOR
TO FIRE PROTONS AT EACH OTHER
AT ALMOST THE SPEED OF LIGHT
IN THE SEARCH FOR MYSTERIOUS
SUBATOMIC GOD PARTICLES.
IT IS THE LARGEST MACHINE
EVER BUILT BY MANKIND.
A LOT OF PEOPLE
ARE STARTING TO WONDER
WHETHER CERN MIGHT BE
HAVING AN EFFECT
ON THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
AND COULD BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR SHUTTING IT DOWN.
THE EXPERIMENTS PRODUCE
600 MILLION SUBATOMIC COLLISIONS
EVERY SECOND,
GENERATING TEMPERATURES
100,000 TIMES HOTTER
THAN THE CENTER OF THE SUN.
THE MAGNETIC FIELD CREATED
INSIDE THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER
ARE MORE THAN 100,000 TIMES
EARTH'S OWN MAGNETIC FIELD.
COULD THE FORCES
UNLEASHED AT CERN
INTERFERE WITH EARTH'S
MAGNETIC FIELD?
THE ANSWER IS NO.
IT DEFINITELY CANNOT.
CERN'S MAGNETIC FIELD
IS ALWAYS INSIDE
OF THE COLLIDER ITSELF.
IT DOESN'T PERMEATE OUTWARDS
ANYWHERE ELSE TO INTERFERE
WITH THE EARTH.
WHEN NASA HEARS ABOUT
THE WEBSITE'S CLAIM,
IT LAUNCHES AN INVESTIGATION.
THE SPACE AGENCY DISCOVERS
THAT THE ALARMING CLAIM
WAS BASED ON READINGS TAKEN
DURING A 2-HOUR GLITCH
IN ITS SPACE WEATHER
MODELING SOFTWARE.
THESE PEOPLE THAT
RUN THIS WEBSITE
LOOKED AT THE NO DATA
AND INTERPRETED
THAT AS NO MAGNETIC FIELD.
WHEN FACED WITH SOMETHING
THAT SEEMS IMPOSSIBLE,
THE FIRST THING YOU HAVE TO DO
IS CHECK YOUR DATA.
INVESTIGATORS ALSO DISCOVER
THAT THE WEBSITE
HAS BEEN ACCUSED
OF RUNNING FAKE NEWS STORIES
AND OF DOCTORING
SOURCE MATERIAL.
THE REPORTED COLLAPSE
NEVER HAPPENED,
BUT FOR SCIENTISTS,
THE FEAR THAT THE EARTH
COULD LOSE ITS MAGNETIC
FORCE FIELD IS VERY REAL.
EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
IS GETTING WEAKER,
AND THE RATE AT WHICH IT'S
WEAKENING IS ACCELERATING.
RECENT RESEARCH INDICATES
THIS WEAKENING IS A PRECURSOR
TO A POTENTIALLY
APOCALYPTIC EVENT
KNOWN AS A GEOMAGNETIC REVERSAL.
THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC
FIELD WEAKENS
BECAUSE OF A REALIGNMENT
OF THE IRON ATOMS
INSIDE THE LIQUID OUTER CORE.
THIS WILL EVENTUALLY LEAD
TO A FLIPPING OF THE POLES.
WHILE THE GEOGRAPHIC POLES
ALWAYS POINT IN GENERALLY
THE SAME DIRECTION,
THE MAGNETIC POLES
CAN AND DO MOVE
AND SOMETIMES EVEN
FLIP AROUND ENTIRELY.
WHEN THE POLES FLIP,
THE MAGNETIC FIELD
AROUND EARTH SHRINKS,
LEAVING OUR PLANET
DANGEROUSLY EXPOSED
FOR UP TO 200 YEARS.
IF A REVERSAL DOES HAPPEN,
THIS IS BAD NEWS FOR US.
THIS MEANS THAT OUR SATELLITES
WILL BE DAMAGED
BY SPACE RADIATION
AND THIS MEANS
THAT LIFE ON EARTH
WILL BE DAMAGED
BY SPACE RADIATION,
AND EVEN OUR ENTIRE
ATMOSPHERE MAY LOSE MASS
DUE TO EARTH'S LACK
OF A MAGNETIC FIELD.
SOME SCIENTISTS HAVE SUGGESTED
THAT GEOMAGNETIC FLIPS
HAVE LED TO MASS
EXTINCTIONS IN THE PAST.
THE LATEST RESEARCH INDICATES
THAT THE NEXT ONE
COULD STRIKE WITHIN DECADES.
HOW ARE WE GOING
TO PROTECT OURSELVES?
WILL WE SURVIVE IT?
WE DON'T KNOW.
COMING UP,
NASA DISCOVERS
A MYSTERIOUS CHASM
IN ONE OF SATURN'S RINGS.
IT'S LIKE SOMETHING
JUST PUNCHED CLEAN THROUGH
AND LEFT A HOLE BEHIND.
THERE'S NO KNOWN SPACECRAFT
THAT COULD'VE MADE
A HOLE THIS BIG.
A NASA PROBE STUDYING SATURN
CAPTURES AN INTRIGUING IMAGE.
THERE'S A HUGE HOLE
IN ONE OF SATURN'S RINGS.
IT'S LIKE SOMETHING
PUNCHED RIGHT THROUGH IT.
THE CAUSE OF THE GIANT CHASM
BAFFLES PLANETARY SCIENTISTS.
SOMETHING BIG, REALLY BIG,
CREATED THIS HOLE,
BUT WE CAN'T FIND IT.
2016.
NASA's CASSINI SPACECRAFT
IS 12 YEARS INTO ITS MISSION
TO STUDY SATURN,
THE SECOND LARGEST PLANET
IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM.
ON APRIL 8, CASSINI IS TASKED
WITH IMAGING
THE PLANET'S OUTER RING,
A BAND OF ICY DEBRIS KNOWN
AS THE "F" RING.
THE "F" RING IS A THIN,
LITTLE RING
THAT ALMOST LOOKS
LIKE BRAIDED WIRE
THAT GOES AROUND THE BIG,
MAJOR, FAT RINGS OF SATURN.
MATERIAL IN THE "F" RING
IS SO FINE
THAT IT'S ALMOST
LIKE FROZEN SMOKE.
WHEN THE CASSINI TEAM
AT NASA's JET PROPULSION
LABORATORY
STUDIED THE IMAGES,
THEY DISCOVER
SOMETHING UNEXPECTED.
IT'S LIKE SOMETHING
JUST PUNCHED CLEAN THROUGH
AND LEFT A HOLE BEHIND.
IT LOOKS REALLY WEIRD.
IT LOOKS LIKE MAYBE
THERE'S BEEN AN EXPLOSION
IN THE "F" RING.
A MYSTERIOUS FORCE OR OBJECT
APPEARS TO HAVE BLASTED
A 30,000-SQUARE-MILE HOLE
OUT OF THE ICY RING.
THIS HOLE IS SO LARGE,
YOU COULD FIT LAKE ERIE INTO IT.
ASTRONOMERS DISMISS THE IDEA
THAT ONE OF NASA's CRAFT
COULD BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR THE STRANGE EVENT.
THERE'S NO KNOWN SPACECRAFT
THAT COULD'VE MADE
A HOLE THIS BIG.
A CLUE TO THE ORIGIN
OF THE MYSTERY
COULD COME FROM THE TWO MOONS
THAT FLANK THE "F" RING...
PROMETHEUS AND PANDORA.
THESE TWO POTATO-SHAPED BALLS
OF ICE POLICE THE RING
AS THEY ORBIT
ON EITHER SIDE OF IT.
WELL, THESE TWO MOONS,
PROMETHEUS AND PANDORA,
ACT SORT OF LIKE BODYGUARDS.
THEY KIND OF KEEP THE
WANDERING PARTICLES IN TRACK.
IF ONE OF THE MOONS
WERE NOT THERE,
THE RING WOULD JUST SPREAD
BECAUSE EACH MOON
IS PUSHING FROM EACH SIDE
AND KEEPING IT FROM SPREADING.
PROMETHEUS,
THE LARGEST OF THE TWO MOONS,
ORBITS CLOSEST TO SATURN
AND HAS A HISTORY
OF CAUSING DISTURBANCES
IN THE "F" RING.
THE OBVIOUS SUSPECT,
BECAUSE IT REGULARLY COMES CLOSE
TO THE "F" RING
AND PULLS OUT LITTLE BITS.
IT DISTURBS IT AS IT
COMES CLOSE TO IT.
PROMETHEUS IS KIND
OF A COSMIC VANDAL.
BUT WHEN THE CASSINI TEAM
ANALYZE PROMETHEUS' POSITION
AT THE TIME OF THE INCIDENT,
THE THEORY FALLS DOWN.
IN THIS CASE, PROMETHEUS
HAS AN AIRTIGHT ALIBI...
IT WAS CLEAR ON
THE OTHER SIDE OF SATURN
WHEN THE HOLE APPEARED.
CLOSER ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGES
SUGGESTS PROMETHEUS' SISTER MOON
IS A MORE LIKELY SUSPECT.
IN THESE IMAGES,
PART OF THE MATERIAL
THAT'S BEING PULLED OUT
FROM THE RINGS
LOOKS LIKE IT'S POINTING
TOWARD PANDORA,
SO IT MIGHT BE PANDORA
BEING MISCHIEVOUS
AND CAUSING THIS DISTURBANCE.
THE IMAGES SEEM TO
PROVIDE STRONG EVIDENCE
THAT PANDORA'S
GRAVITATIONAL PULL
HAS DRAGGED MATERIAL
OUT OF THE "F" RING,
BUT SCIENTISTS CALCULATE
THAT THE 70-MILE-LONG MOON
COULD NOT BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR THE MASSIVE DISTURBANCE.
WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE MATH,
WE FIND OUT THAT PANDORA
WAS JUST TOO SMALL.
ITS GRAVITY IS JUST
NOT BIG ENOUGH
TO CAUSE THIS KIND
OF INTERRUPTION,
SO HERE, IT SEEMS TO JUST BE
AN INNOCENT BYSTANDER.
IT'S ACTUALLY OFF THE HOOK.
THE CASSINI IMAGES
PROVIDE NO FURTHER CLUES
TO THE ORIGIN
OF THE GIANT CHASM.
IT SEEMS A MYSTERY OBJECT
TRAVELED THROUGH THIS REGION
OF SPACE
AND THEN DISAPPEARED.
WHATEVER CAUSED THIS
SIMPLY ISN'T CAPTURED ON CAMERA.
IT'S GONE BEFORE
CASSINI CAN SPOT IT.
SOMETHING BIG, REALLY BIG,
CREATED THIS HOLE,
BUT WE CAN'T FIND IT.
SINCE THE HOLE WAS DISCOVERED,
CASSINI HAS PERFORMED
SEVERAL MORE FLY-BYS
OF THE MYSTERIOUS "F" RING.
THE EXACT CAUSE OF THE STRANGE
CHASM REMAINS UNEXPLAINED.
WE STILL DON'T KNOW FOR SURE
WHAT CAUSED THIS DISTURBANCE.
THE MORE WE LEARN ABOUT SATURN,
THE MORE QUESTIONS WE HAVE.
WE'RE JUST SCRATCHING
THE SURFACE.
Subtitles Diego Moraes
www.oakisland.tk