How It's Made (2001–…): Season 3, Episode 3 - Wheel Loaders/Vegetable Oil/Hand Tools/Cotton Swabs - full transcript

>> Narrator: TODAY, ON
"HOW IT'S MADE"...
WHEEL LOADERS...

"HOW IT'S MADE"...
WHEEL LOADERS...
VEGETABLE OIL...

WHEEL LOADERS...
VEGETABLE OIL...
HAND TOOLS...

VEGETABLE OIL...
HAND TOOLS...
AND COTTON SWABS.

THEY'RE BIG, THEY'RE BULKY, AND
BOY, CAN THEY MOVE STUFF.
WHEEL LOADERS ARE DRIVABLE HEAVY

BOY, CAN THEY MOVE STUFF.
WHEEL LOADERS ARE DRIVABLE HEAVY
MACHINES.

WHEEL LOADERS ARE DRIVABLE HEAVY
MACHINES.
YOU SEE THEM ON CONSTRUCTION

MACHINES.
YOU SEE THEM ON CONSTRUCTION
SITES MOVING DIRT, AT LANDFILL

YOU SEE THEM ON CONSTRUCTION
SITES MOVING DIRT, AT LANDFILL
SITES MOVING GARBAGE, AND IN THE

SITES MOVING DIRT, AT LANDFILL
SITES MOVING GARBAGE, AND IN THE
WINTER, YOU SEE THEM ALL OVER,

SITES MOVING GARBAGE, AND IN THE
WINTER, YOU SEE THEM ALL OVER,
CLEARING LARGE QUANTITIES OF



WINTER, YOU SEE THEM ALL OVER,
CLEARING LARGE QUANTITIES OF
SNOW.

CLEARING LARGE QUANTITIES OF
SNOW.
THEY START BY ASSEMBLING THE

SNOW.
THEY START BY ASSEMBLING THE
100-ODD STEEL COMPONENTS THAT

THEY START BY ASSEMBLING THE
100-ODD STEEL COMPONENTS THAT
MAKE UP THE FRONT FRAME.

100-ODD STEEL COMPONENTS THAT
MAKE UP THE FRONT FRAME.
THESE PARTS ARE SO HEAVY THAT

MAKE UP THE FRONT FRAME.
THESE PARTS ARE SO HEAVY THAT
WORKERS HAVE TO USE

THESE PARTS ARE SO HEAVY THAT
WORKERS HAVE TO USE
INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH MAGNETS TO

WORKERS HAVE TO USE
INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH MAGNETS TO
MOVE THEM.

INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH MAGNETS TO
MOVE THEM.
TAKE NOTE OF THOSE PIECES WITH

MOVE THEM.
TAKE NOTE OF THOSE PIECES WITH
THE HOLES IN THEM.

TAKE NOTE OF THOSE PIECES WITH
THE HOLES IN THEM.
WE'LL COME BACK TO THEM LATER.

THE HOLES IN THEM.
WE'LL COME BACK TO THEM LATER.
WORKERS MEASURE AND MARK EXACTLY

WE'LL COME BACK TO THEM LATER.
WORKERS MEASURE AND MARK EXACTLY
WHERE THEY'LL WELD THE FRONT

WORKERS MEASURE AND MARK EXACTLY
WHERE THEY'LL WELD THE FRONT
FRAME PARTS TOGETHER.



WHERE THEY'LL WELD THE FRONT
FRAME PARTS TOGETHER.
YOU MIGHT NOT THINK PRECISION IS

FRAME PARTS TOGETHER.
YOU MIGHT NOT THINK PRECISION IS
ALL THAT IMPORTANT WHEN IT COMES

YOU MIGHT NOT THINK PRECISION IS
ALL THAT IMPORTANT WHEN IT COMES
TO BUILDING A 20-TON HUNK OF

ALL THAT IMPORTANT WHEN IT COMES
TO BUILDING A 20-TON HUNK OF
MACHINERY, BUT IT IS.

TO BUILDING A 20-TON HUNK OF
MACHINERY, BUT IT IS.
BEING JUST A FEW HUNDREDTHS OF

MACHINERY, BUT IT IS.
BEING JUST A FEW HUNDREDTHS OF
AN INCH OFF CAN CAUSE MAJOR

BEING JUST A FEW HUNDREDTHS OF
AN INCH OFF CAN CAUSE MAJOR
PROBLEMS.

AN INCH OFF CAN CAUSE MAJOR
PROBLEMS.
THE PRELIMINARY WELDING IS DONE

PROBLEMS.
THE PRELIMINARY WELDING IS DONE
BY HAND.

THE PRELIMINARY WELDING IS DONE
BY HAND.
WORKERS TACK THE PARTS TOGETHER.

BY HAND.
WORKERS TACK THE PARTS TOGETHER.
THEY DO THE SAME WITH THE

WORKERS TACK THE PARTS TOGETHER.
THEY DO THE SAME WITH THE
100-PLUS STEEL PARTS THAT MAKE

THEY DO THE SAME WITH THE
100-PLUS STEEL PARTS THAT MAKE
UP THE LOADER'S THREE OTHER

100-PLUS STEEL PARTS THAT MAKE
UP THE LOADER'S THREE OTHER
SECTIONS -- THE REAR FRAME, THE

UP THE LOADER'S THREE OTHER
SECTIONS -- THE REAR FRAME, THE
DRIVER'S CAB, AND THE MOVING ARM

SECTIONS -- THE REAR FRAME, THE
DRIVER'S CAB, AND THE MOVING ARM
AT THE FRONT CALLED THE BOOM

DRIVER'S CAB, AND THE MOVING ARM
AT THE FRONT CALLED THE BOOM
ARM.

AT THE FRONT CALLED THE BOOM
ARM.
ONCE THE MANUAL WELDING IS

ARM.
ONCE THE MANUAL WELDING IS
COMPLETED, ROBOTS TAKE OVER TO

ONCE THE MANUAL WELDING IS
COMPLETED, ROBOTS TAKE OVER TO
DO THE MAJOR WELDING.

COMPLETED, ROBOTS TAKE OVER TO
DO THE MAJOR WELDING.
THEY WELD ABOUT 90% OF THE WHEEL

DO THE MAJOR WELDING.
THEY WELD ABOUT 90% OF THE WHEEL
LOADER.

NOW THAT THE FRONT FRAME IS
SOLIDLY FUSED, IT UNDERGOES A
FINAL MACHINING.

SOLIDLY FUSED, IT UNDERGOES A
FINAL MACHINING.
REMEMBER THOSE PARTS WITH THE

FINAL MACHINING.
REMEMBER THOSE PARTS WITH THE
HOLES IN THEM?

REMEMBER THOSE PARTS WITH THE
HOLES IN THEM?
THEY'RE WHAT ENABLE THE BOOM ARM

HOLES IN THEM?
THEY'RE WHAT ENABLE THE BOOM ARM
TO MOVE.

THEY'RE WHAT ENABLE THE BOOM ARM
TO MOVE.
A COMPUTERIZED SENSOR NOW

TO MOVE.
A COMPUTERIZED SENSOR NOW
MEASURES THOSE HOLES AND

A COMPUTERIZED SENSOR NOW
MEASURES THOSE HOLES AND
CALCULATES HOW TO CUT THEM TO

MEASURES THOSE HOLES AND
CALCULATES HOW TO CUT THEM TO
THE EXACT SPECIFICATIONS OF THE

CALCULATES HOW TO CUT THEM TO
THE EXACT SPECIFICATIONS OF THE
ENGINEERING DESIGN.

THE EXACT SPECIFICATIONS OF THE
ENGINEERING DESIGN.
THE COMPUTER THEN GUIDES THE

ENGINEERING DESIGN.
THE COMPUTER THEN GUIDES THE
MACHINING TOOL TO TAILOR THE

THE COMPUTER THEN GUIDES THE
MACHINING TOOL TO TAILOR THE
HOLES TO SPEC.

MACHINING TOOL TO TAILOR THE
HOLES TO SPEC.
FIRST, A PRELIMINARY CUT.

HOLES TO SPEC.
FIRST, A PRELIMINARY CUT.
THEN, AFTER SOME OIL

FIRST, A PRELIMINARY CUT.
THEN, AFTER SOME OIL
LUBRICATION, THE FINAL CUT.

WHEN THIS OPERATION'S COMPLETE,
THE FRONT FRAME WILL JOIN THE
OTHER SECTIONS AT THE PAINT

THE FRONT FRAME WILL JOIN THE
OTHER SECTIONS AT THE PAINT
SHOP.

OTHER SECTIONS AT THE PAINT
SHOP.
AFTER PAINTING, WORKERS BEGIN

SHOP.
AFTER PAINTING, WORKERS BEGIN
THE FINAL ASSEMBLY.

AFTER PAINTING, WORKERS BEGIN
THE FINAL ASSEMBLY.
THEY POSITION AN AXLE UNDER THE

THE FINAL ASSEMBLY.
THEY POSITION AN AXLE UNDER THE
FRONT FRAME AND ANOTHER UNDER

THEY POSITION AN AXLE UNDER THE
FRONT FRAME AND ANOTHER UNDER
THE REAR.

FRONT FRAME AND ANOTHER UNDER
THE REAR.
THEN, THEY AFFIX THE FRAMES TO

THE REAR.
THEN, THEY AFFIX THE FRAMES TO
THE AXLES WITH HEAVY-DUTY BOLTS.

THEN, THEY AFFIX THE FRAMES TO
THE AXLES WITH HEAVY-DUTY BOLTS.
THEY MOUNT THE DIESEL ENGINE AND

THE AXLES WITH HEAVY-DUTY BOLTS.
THEY MOUNT THE DIESEL ENGINE AND
TRANSMISSION IN THE REAR FRAME.

AFTER ASSEMBLING THE CAB, THEY
INSTALL IT ONTO THE REAR
FRAME...

...THEN CONNECT THE WIRING FOR
THE CONTROLS.

NOW COMES THE BOOM ARM.
REMEMBER THOSE FRONT FRAME PARTS
WITH THE HOLES?

REMEMBER THOSE FRONT FRAME PARTS
WITH THE HOLES?
WORKERS LINE THEM UP WITH THE

WITH THE HOLES?
WORKERS LINE THEM UP WITH THE
HOLES ON THE BOOM ARM, THEN

WORKERS LINE THEM UP WITH THE
HOLES ON THE BOOM ARM, THEN
INSERT GIANT STEEL PINS.

HOLES ON THE BOOM ARM, THEN
INSERT GIANT STEEL PINS.
THIS CREATES A PIVOT MECHANISM,

INSERT GIANT STEEL PINS.
THIS CREATES A PIVOT MECHANISM,
ENABLING THE ARM TO MOVE UP AND

THIS CREATES A PIVOT MECHANISM,
ENABLING THE ARM TO MOVE UP AND
DOWN.

ENABLING THE ARM TO MOVE UP AND
DOWN.
THE MOVING PARTS MUST FIT

DOWN.
THE MOVING PARTS MUST FIT
TOGETHER SNUGLY, BUT NOT SO

THE MOVING PARTS MUST FIT
TOGETHER SNUGLY, BUT NOT SO
TIGHTLY AS TO RESTRICT MOVEMENT,

TOGETHER SNUGLY, BUT NOT SO
TIGHTLY AS TO RESTRICT MOVEMENT,
WHICH EXPLAINS WHY WELDING AND

TIGHTLY AS TO RESTRICT MOVEMENT,
WHICH EXPLAINS WHY WELDING AND
MACHINING PRECISION WAS SO

WHICH EXPLAINS WHY WELDING AND
MACHINING PRECISION WAS SO
CRUCIAL.

MACHINING PRECISION WAS SO
CRUCIAL.
ONCE THEY'VE TESTED THE BOOM

CRUCIAL.
ONCE THEY'VE TESTED THE BOOM
ARM'S HYDRAULIC LIFT SYSTEM...

ONCE THEY'VE TESTED THE BOOM
ARM'S HYDRAULIC LIFT SYSTEM...
WORKERS INSTALL THE TIRES, WHICH

ARM'S HYDRAULIC LIFT SYSTEM...
WORKERS INSTALL THE TIRES, WHICH
ARE ALMOST 6 1/2 FEET TALL.

WORKERS INSTALL THE TIRES, WHICH
ARE ALMOST 6 1/2 FEET TALL.
USING A SPECIALLY CALIBRATED

ARE ALMOST 6 1/2 FEET TALL.
USING A SPECIALLY CALIBRATED
TORQUE GUN, THEY BOLT THE TIRES

USING A SPECIALLY CALIBRATED
TORQUE GUN, THEY BOLT THE TIRES
TO THE RIM...

TORQUE GUN, THEY BOLT THE TIRES
TO THE RIM...
32 BOLTS IN ALL.

TO THE RIM...
32 BOLTS IN ALL.
THE WHEEL LOADER IS FULLY

32 BOLTS IN ALL.
THE WHEEL LOADER IS FULLY
ASSEMBLED.

THE WHEEL LOADER IS FULLY
ASSEMBLED.
NOW THE BOOM ARM CAN BE EQUIPPED

ASSEMBLED.
NOW THE BOOM ARM CAN BE EQUIPPED
WITH A FORKLIFT, A BROOM, OR A

NOW THE BOOM ARM CAN BE EQUIPPED
WITH A FORKLIFT, A BROOM, OR A
BIG SHOVEL CALLED A BUCKET.

>> Narrator: VEGETABLE OIL IS A
FAT EXTRACTED FROM THE FRUIT OR
SEEDS OF CERTAIN PLANTS, SUCH AS

FAT EXTRACTED FROM THE FRUIT OR
SEEDS OF CERTAIN PLANTS, SUCH AS
CORN, CANOLA, COTTONSEED,

SEEDS OF CERTAIN PLANTS, SUCH AS
CORN, CANOLA, COTTONSEED,
SAFFLOWER, SUNFLOWER, OR

CORN, CANOLA, COTTONSEED,
SAFFLOWER, SUNFLOWER, OR
SOYBEAN.

SAFFLOWER, SUNFLOWER, OR
SOYBEAN.
THERE ARE VARIOUS WAYS TO

SOYBEAN.
THERE ARE VARIOUS WAYS TO
EXTRACT THE OIL.

THERE ARE VARIOUS WAYS TO
EXTRACT THE OIL.
THE METHOD WE'RE ABOUT TO SEE IS

EXTRACT THE OIL.
THE METHOD WE'RE ABOUT TO SEE IS
CALLED COLD PRESSING.

THE METHOD WE'RE ABOUT TO SEE IS
CALLED COLD PRESSING.
IT ALL STARTS WITH SEEDS -- IN

CALLED COLD PRESSING.
IT ALL STARTS WITH SEEDS -- IN
THIS CASE, A DARK VARIETY OF

IT ALL STARTS WITH SEEDS -- IN
THIS CASE, A DARK VARIETY OF
SUNFLOWER SEEDS.

THIS CASE, A DARK VARIETY OF
SUNFLOWER SEEDS.
COLD PRESSING YIELDS LESS OIL

SUNFLOWER SEEDS.
COLD PRESSING YIELDS LESS OIL
THAN OTHER METHODS, SO IT'S

COLD PRESSING YIELDS LESS OIL
THAN OTHER METHODS, SO IT'S
USUALLY JUST SMALLER SPECIALTY

THAN OTHER METHODS, SO IT'S
USUALLY JUST SMALLER SPECIALTY
COMPANIES THAT USE THE PROCESS.

USUALLY JUST SMALLER SPECIALTY
COMPANIES THAT USE THE PROCESS.
THE BIG VEGETABLE-OIL MAKERS

COMPANIES THAT USE THE PROCESS.
THE BIG VEGETABLE-OIL MAKERS
TEND TO USE SOLVENTS AND

THE BIG VEGETABLE-OIL MAKERS
TEND TO USE SOLVENTS AND
HIGH-PRESSURE, HIGH-SPEED

TEND TO USE SOLVENTS AND
HIGH-PRESSURE, HIGH-SPEED
PRESSES.

HIGH-PRESSURE, HIGH-SPEED
PRESSES.
THAT IS MUCH MORE PRODUCTIVE.

PRESSES.
THAT IS MUCH MORE PRODUCTIVE.
BUT IT ALSO GENERATES HEAT,

THAT IS MUCH MORE PRODUCTIVE.
BUT IT ALSO GENERATES HEAT,
WHICH DARKENS THE OIL AND

BUT IT ALSO GENERATES HEAT,
WHICH DARKENS THE OIL AND
DIMINISHES ITS FLAVOR AND

WHICH DARKENS THE OIL AND
DIMINISHES ITS FLAVOR AND
NUTRITIONAL VALUE.

DIMINISHES ITS FLAVOR AND
NUTRITIONAL VALUE.
THESE SEEDS, SHELLS AND ALL,

NUTRITIONAL VALUE.
THESE SEEDS, SHELLS AND ALL,
WILL GO THROUGH THIS

THESE SEEDS, SHELLS AND ALL,
WILL GO THROUGH THIS
LOW-PRESSURE PRESS.

WILL GO THROUGH THIS
LOW-PRESSURE PRESS.
THE TEMPERATURE INSIDE IS KEPT

LOW-PRESSURE PRESS.
THE TEMPERATURE INSIDE IS KEPT
BELOW 104 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT --

THE TEMPERATURE INSIDE IS KEPT
BELOW 104 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT --
HENCE THE TERM "COLD PRESSED."

BELOW 104 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT --
HENCE THE TERM "COLD PRESSED."
THE PRESS OPERATOR HAS TO

HENCE THE TERM "COLD PRESSED."
THE PRESS OPERATOR HAS TO
CAREFULLY MONITOR AND ADJUST THE

THE PRESS OPERATOR HAS TO
CAREFULLY MONITOR AND ADJUST THE
SPEED, PRESSURE, AND

CAREFULLY MONITOR AND ADJUST THE
SPEED, PRESSURE, AND
TEMPERATURE...

SPEED, PRESSURE, AND
TEMPERATURE...
BECAUSE KEEPING A PRESS COOL IS

TEMPERATURE...
BECAUSE KEEPING A PRESS COOL IS
NO EASY TASK, GIVEN THE HEAT

BECAUSE KEEPING A PRESS COOL IS
NO EASY TASK, GIVEN THE HEAT
THAT MASHING SEEDS NATURALLY

NO EASY TASK, GIVEN THE HEAT
THAT MASHING SEEDS NATURALLY
GENERATES.

THAT MASHING SEEDS NATURALLY
GENERATES.
THE PRESSING MECHANISM, THE

GENERATES.
THE PRESSING MECHANISM, THE
SCREW PRESS, IS MADE UP OF

THE PRESSING MECHANISM, THE
SCREW PRESS, IS MADE UP OF
SEVERAL SECTIONS.

SCREW PRESS, IS MADE UP OF
SEVERAL SECTIONS.
THEY CAN SHORTEN OR LENGTHEN IT

SEVERAL SECTIONS.
THEY CAN SHORTEN OR LENGTHEN IT
ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF SEEDS

THEY CAN SHORTEN OR LENGTHEN IT
ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF SEEDS
THEY'RE PRESSING TO ALLOW FOR

ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF SEEDS
THEY'RE PRESSING TO ALLOW FOR
MORE OR LESS ROOM FOR THE SEEDS

THEY'RE PRESSING TO ALLOW FOR
MORE OR LESS ROOM FOR THE SEEDS
WITHIN THE CHAMBER.

220 POUNDS OF SEEDS GO THROUGH
THE PRESS EVERY HOUR, PRODUCING
ABOUT 10 GALLONS OF OIL...

THE PRESS EVERY HOUR, PRODUCING
ABOUT 10 GALLONS OF OIL...
LOW VOLUME, BUT HIGH QUALITY.

ABOUT 10 GALLONS OF OIL...
LOW VOLUME, BUT HIGH QUALITY.
THE SEED RESIDUE, CALLED SEED

LOW VOLUME, BUT HIGH QUALITY.
THE SEED RESIDUE, CALLED SEED
CAKES, IS LATER SOLD FOR ANIMAL

THE SEED RESIDUE, CALLED SEED
CAKES, IS LATER SOLD FOR ANIMAL
FEED.

CAKES, IS LATER SOLD FOR ANIMAL
FEED.
NOW, THOUGH, THEY'RE THE KEY TO

FEED.
NOW, THOUGH, THEY'RE THE KEY TO
MONITORING TEMPERATURE.

NOW, THOUGH, THEY'RE THE KEY TO
MONITORING TEMPERATURE.
IF THE SEED CAKES ARE TOO WARM,

MONITORING TEMPERATURE.
IF THE SEED CAKES ARE TOO WARM,
THAT MEANS HEAT IS BUILDING UP

IF THE SEED CAKES ARE TOO WARM,
THAT MEANS HEAT IS BUILDING UP
AND THEY HAVE TO OPEN THE EXIT

THAT MEANS HEAT IS BUILDING UP
AND THEY HAVE TO OPEN THE EXIT
WIDER TO REDUCE THE INSIDE

AND THEY HAVE TO OPEN THE EXIT
WIDER TO REDUCE THE INSIDE
PRESSURE AND BRING THE

WIDER TO REDUCE THE INSIDE
PRESSURE AND BRING THE
TEMPERATURE DOWN.

PRESSURE AND BRING THE
TEMPERATURE DOWN.
ONCE THE OIL IS EXTRACTED, THEY

TEMPERATURE DOWN.
ONCE THE OIL IS EXTRACTED, THEY
PUMP IT THROUGH A FILTRATION

ONCE THE OIL IS EXTRACTED, THEY
PUMP IT THROUGH A FILTRATION
SYSTEM.

THESE CLOTH FILTERS ALLOW THE
OIL TO PASS THROUGH, BUT ANY
REMAINING SEED RESIDUE GETS

OIL TO PASS THROUGH, BUT ANY
REMAINING SEED RESIDUE GETS
CAUGHT IN THE FIBERS.

THE OIL RUNS THROUGH THE FILTERS
REPEATEDLY UNTIL IT BECOMES
CLEAR.

MASTERING THE ART OF COLD
PRESSING TAKES A LOT OF KNOW-HOW
AND EXPERIENCE, BUT IT RESULTS

PRESSING TAKES A LOT OF KNOW-HOW
AND EXPERIENCE, BUT IT RESULTS
IN OIL THAT'S HEALTHIER AND

AND EXPERIENCE, BUT IT RESULTS
IN OIL THAT'S HEALTHIER AND
TASTIER.

IN OIL THAT'S HEALTHIER AND
TASTIER.
COLD-PRESSED OILS MADE FROM

TASTIER.
COLD-PRESSED OILS MADE FROM
OTHER SEEDS POSE DIFFERENT

COLD-PRESSED OILS MADE FROM
OTHER SEEDS POSE DIFFERENT
PRODUCTION CHALLENGES.

OTHER SEEDS POSE DIFFERENT
PRODUCTION CHALLENGES.
FLAXSEED AND HEMPSEED ARE

PRODUCTION CHALLENGES.
FLAXSEED AND HEMPSEED ARE
EXTREMELY SENSITIVE TO HEAT, SO

FLAXSEED AND HEMPSEED ARE
EXTREMELY SENSITIVE TO HEAT, SO
WORKERS HAVE TO COOL THE PRESS

EXTREMELY SENSITIVE TO HEAT, SO
WORKERS HAVE TO COOL THE PRESS
DURING THE PROCESS TO OFFSET THE

WORKERS HAVE TO COOL THE PRESS
DURING THE PROCESS TO OFFSET THE
HEAT THAT PRESSING GENERATES.

DURING THE PROCESS TO OFFSET THE
HEAT THAT PRESSING GENERATES.
CANOLA, ON THE OTHER HAND, ISN'T

HEAT THAT PRESSING GENERATES.
CANOLA, ON THE OTHER HAND, ISN'T
PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO HEAT,

CANOLA, ON THE OTHER HAND, ISN'T
PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO HEAT,
NOR IS SESAME.

PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO HEAT,
NOR IS SESAME.
ALL-NATURAL, NO-PRESERVATIVE

NOR IS SESAME.
ALL-NATURAL, NO-PRESERVATIVE
VEGETABLE OILS LIKE THESE HAVE

ALL-NATURAL, NO-PRESERVATIVE
VEGETABLE OILS LIKE THESE HAVE
TO BE BABIED BECAUSE EXPOSURE TO

VEGETABLE OILS LIKE THESE HAVE
TO BE BABIED BECAUSE EXPOSURE TO
AIR MAKES THEM PREMATURELY

TO BE BABIED BECAUSE EXPOSURE TO
AIR MAKES THEM PREMATURELY
SPOIL.

AIR MAKES THEM PREMATURELY
SPOIL.
PLASTIC ISN'T AIRTIGHT, SO THEY

SPOIL.
PLASTIC ISN'T AIRTIGHT, SO THEY
BOTTLE THESE OILS IN GLASS --

PLASTIC ISN'T AIRTIGHT, SO THEY
BOTTLE THESE OILS IN GLASS --
DARK GLASS TO BLOCK THE OIL'S

BOTTLE THESE OILS IN GLASS --
DARK GLASS TO BLOCK THE OIL'S
OTHER ENEMY, LIGHT.

THEY SEAL THE BOTTLES WITH A
FLOW-CONTROL CAP.
WITHOUT PRESERVATIVES,

FLOW-CONTROL CAP.
WITHOUT PRESERVATIVES,
SUNFLOWER, CANOLA, AND SESAME

WITHOUT PRESERVATIVES,
SUNFLOWER, CANOLA, AND SESAME
OILS HAVE AN 18-MONTH SHELF

SUNFLOWER, CANOLA, AND SESAME
OILS HAVE AN 18-MONTH SHELF
LIFE.

OILS HAVE AN 18-MONTH SHELF
LIFE.
FLAXSEED AND HEMPSEED OILS HAVE

LIFE.
FLAXSEED AND HEMPSEED OILS HAVE
TO BE REFRIGERATED.

FLAXSEED AND HEMPSEED OILS HAVE
TO BE REFRIGERATED.
EVEN THEN, THEY GO BAD AFTER

TO BE REFRIGERATED.
EVEN THEN, THEY GO BAD AFTER
JUST A FEW MONTHS.

>> Narrator: YOU DON'T HAVE TO
BE A DO-IT-YOURSELFER TO OWN A
FEW BASIC HAND TOOLS.

BE A DO-IT-YOURSELFER TO OWN A
FEW BASIC HAND TOOLS.
EVEN THE RENOVATIONALLY

FEW BASIC HAND TOOLS.
EVEN THE RENOVATIONALLY
CHALLENGED ARE LIKELY TO POSSES

EVEN THE RENOVATIONALLY
CHALLENGED ARE LIKELY TO POSSES
A HAMMER, A SCREWDRIVER, MAYBE

CHALLENGED ARE LIKELY TO POSSES
A HAMMER, A SCREWDRIVER, MAYBE
EVEN A PAIR OF PLIERS -- IF NOT

A HAMMER, A SCREWDRIVER, MAYBE
EVEN A PAIR OF PLIERS -- IF NOT
IN A TOOLBOX, THEN AT LEAST

EVEN A PAIR OF PLIERS -- IF NOT
IN A TOOLBOX, THEN AT LEAST
CRAMMED INTO A MESSY DRAWER

IN A TOOLBOX, THEN AT LEAST
CRAMMED INTO A MESSY DRAWER
SOMEWHERE.

CRAMMED INTO A MESSY DRAWER
SOMEWHERE.
HERE'S A LOOK AT HOW SOME HAND

SOMEWHERE.
HERE'S A LOOK AT HOW SOME HAND
TOOLS ARE MADE.

HERE'S A LOOK AT HOW SOME HAND
TOOLS ARE MADE.
EVERY SCREWDRIVER AND CHISEL HAS

TOOLS ARE MADE.
EVERY SCREWDRIVER AND CHISEL HAS
TO HAVE A HANDLE.

EVERY SCREWDRIVER AND CHISEL HAS
TO HAVE A HANDLE.
THIS FACTORY MAKES HANDLES FROM

TO HAVE A HANDLE.
THIS FACTORY MAKES HANDLES FROM
ACETATE, A SYNTHETIC RESIN.

THIS FACTORY MAKES HANDLES FROM
ACETATE, A SYNTHETIC RESIN.
THESE ACETATE BARS ARE 6 FEET

ACETATE, A SYNTHETIC RESIN.
THESE ACETATE BARS ARE 6 FEET
LONG AND COME IN MANY COLORS AND

THESE ACETATE BARS ARE 6 FEET
LONG AND COME IN MANY COLORS AND
CONTOURS.

LONG AND COME IN MANY COLORS AND
CONTOURS.
THEY ARRIVE HERE READY-MADE.

CONTOURS.
THEY ARRIVE HERE READY-MADE.
WORKERS LOAD THE BARS ONTO A

THEY ARRIVE HERE READY-MADE.
WORKERS LOAD THE BARS ONTO A
MACHINE THAT FEEDS THEM INTO A

WORKERS LOAD THE BARS ONTO A
MACHINE THAT FEEDS THEM INTO A
LATHE.

MACHINE THAT FEEDS THEM INTO A
LATHE.
AS THE LATHE SPINS, AN AUTOMATED

LATHE.
AS THE LATHE SPINS, AN AUTOMATED
KNIFE CUTS ONE HANDLE AFTER

AS THE LATHE SPINS, AN AUTOMATED
KNIFE CUTS ONE HANDLE AFTER
ANOTHER, ROUNDING OFF WHAT WILL

KNIFE CUTS ONE HANDLE AFTER
ANOTHER, ROUNDING OFF WHAT WILL
BE THE TOP OF THE HANDLE.

ANOTHER, ROUNDING OFF WHAT WILL
BE THE TOP OF THE HANDLE.
THEN, IT SCULPTS THE OTHER END.

BE THE TOP OF THE HANDLE.
THEN, IT SCULPTS THE OTHER END.
THEN, A DRILL MAKES THE HOLE

THEN, IT SCULPTS THE OTHER END.
THEN, A DRILL MAKES THE HOLE
INTO WHICH THEY'LL LATER INSERT

THEN, A DRILL MAKES THE HOLE
INTO WHICH THEY'LL LATER INSERT
THE BLADE.

INTO WHICH THEY'LL LATER INSERT
THE BLADE.
ALL THIS TAKES JUST A FEW

THE BLADE.
ALL THIS TAKES JUST A FEW
SECONDS.

ALL THIS TAKES JUST A FEW
SECONDS.
NOW THE HANDLES TRAVEL TO THEIR

SECONDS.
NOW THE HANDLES TRAVEL TO THEIR
NEXT STOP, THE DIPPING MACHINE.

NOW THE HANDLES TRAVEL TO THEIR
NEXT STOP, THE DIPPING MACHINE.
ACETATE BECOMES DULL AND OPAQUE

NEXT STOP, THE DIPPING MACHINE.
ACETATE BECOMES DULL AND OPAQUE
WHEN IT'S CUT, SO THE MACHINE

ACETATE BECOMES DULL AND OPAQUE
WHEN IT'S CUT, SO THE MACHINE
DIPS THEM IN ACETONE, A CHEMICAL

WHEN IT'S CUT, SO THE MACHINE
DIPS THEM IN ACETONE, A CHEMICAL
SOLVENT.

DIPS THEM IN ACETONE, A CHEMICAL
SOLVENT.
THIS BRINGS BACK THEIR

SOLVENT.
THIS BRINGS BACK THEIR
TRANSLUCENCE AND SHINE.

THIS BRINGS BACK THEIR
TRANSLUCENCE AND SHINE.
IT ALSO REMOVES ANY ACETATE

TRANSLUCENCE AND SHINE.
IT ALSO REMOVES ANY ACETATE
SHAVINGS STUCK TO THE ENDS.

IT ALSO REMOVES ANY ACETATE
SHAVINGS STUCK TO THE ENDS.
HERE'S WHAT THE HANDLES LOOK

SHAVINGS STUCK TO THE ENDS.
HERE'S WHAT THE HANDLES LOOK
LIKE BEFORE THE ACETONE BATH.

HERE'S WHAT THE HANDLES LOOK
LIKE BEFORE THE ACETONE BATH.
AND HERE'S WHAT THEY LOOK LIKE

LIKE BEFORE THE ACETONE BATH.
AND HERE'S WHAT THEY LOOK LIKE
AFTER.

THE HANDLES AIR-DRY ON THEIR WAY
TO THE NEXT STOP ON THE
PRODUCTION LINE -- PRINTING.

TO THE NEXT STOP ON THE
PRODUCTION LINE -- PRINTING.
THE HOT-STAMP PRINTER WORKS IN

PRODUCTION LINE -- PRINTING.
THE HOT-STAMP PRINTER WORKS IN
CONJUNCTION WITH AN INK RIBBON.

THE HOT-STAMP PRINTER WORKS IN
CONJUNCTION WITH AN INK RIBBON.
IT APPLIES ABOUT 55 POUNDS OF

CONJUNCTION WITH AN INK RIBBON.
IT APPLIES ABOUT 55 POUNDS OF
PRESSURE, ENGRAVING THE PRODUCT

IT APPLIES ABOUT 55 POUNDS OF
PRESSURE, ENGRAVING THE PRODUCT
CODE AND BRAND NAME, WHILE THE

PRESSURE, ENGRAVING THE PRODUCT
CODE AND BRAND NAME, WHILE THE
HEAT, ABOUT 160 DEGREES

CODE AND BRAND NAME, WHILE THE
HEAT, ABOUT 160 DEGREES
FAHRENHEIT, TRANSFERS THE INK

HEAT, ABOUT 160 DEGREES
FAHRENHEIT, TRANSFERS THE INK
FROM THE RIBBON INTO THE

FAHRENHEIT, TRANSFERS THE INK
FROM THE RIBBON INTO THE
ENGRAVED LETTERING.

FROM THE RIBBON INTO THE
ENGRAVED LETTERING.
THE HANDLES ARE FINISHED, AND

ENGRAVED LETTERING.
THE HANDLES ARE FINISHED, AND
IT'S FINALLY TIME TO INSERT THE

THE HANDLES ARE FINISHED, AND
IT'S FINALLY TIME TO INSERT THE
BLADES -- IN THIS CASE, PHILLIPS

IT'S FINALLY TIME TO INSERT THE
BLADES -- IN THIS CASE, PHILLIPS
HEAD SCREWDRIVER BLADES.

BLADES -- IN THIS CASE, PHILLIPS
HEAD SCREWDRIVER BLADES.
BLADES ARE MADE OF CARBON STEEL,

HEAD SCREWDRIVER BLADES.
BLADES ARE MADE OF CARBON STEEL,
AN AUTOMATED MACHINE FORCES THEM

BLADES ARE MADE OF CARBON STEEL,
AN AUTOMATED MACHINE FORCES THEM
INTO THE HANDLE WITH ABOUT 80

AN AUTOMATED MACHINE FORCES THEM
INTO THE HANDLE WITH ABOUT 80
POUNDS OF PRESSURE.

WORKERS INSERT CHISEL BLADES
MANUALLY IN ORDER TO PROTECT
THEIR SHARP EDGE.

MANUALLY IN ORDER TO PROTECT
THEIR SHARP EDGE.
AT THE SAME TIME, THEY TOP THE

THEIR SHARP EDGE.
AT THE SAME TIME, THEY TOP THE
HANDLE WITH A STEEL CAP TO GIVE

AT THE SAME TIME, THEY TOP THE
HANDLE WITH A STEEL CAP TO GIVE
THE CHISEL EXTRA STRIKING POWER.

ANOTHER COMMON HAND TOOL IS THE
DRYWALL SQUARE, ALSO KNOWN AS A
T-SQUARE.

DRYWALL SQUARE, ALSO KNOWN AS A
T-SQUARE.
THEY CUT TWO STRIPS OF ALUMINUM,

T-SQUARE.
THEY CUT TWO STRIPS OF ALUMINUM,
THE FIRST 4 1/2 FEET LONG, THE

THEY CUT TWO STRIPS OF ALUMINUM,
THE FIRST 4 1/2 FEET LONG, THE
SECOND 22 INCHES LONG.

THE FIRST 4 1/2 FEET LONG, THE
SECOND 22 INCHES LONG.
THEN, THEY APPLY THE MARKINGS BY

SECOND 22 INCHES LONG.
THEN, THEY APPLY THE MARKINGS BY
SILK-SCREEN PRINTING.

THEN, THEY APPLY THE MARKINGS BY
SILK-SCREEN PRINTING.
NEXT, THEY USE A BENDING MACHINE

SILK-SCREEN PRINTING.
NEXT, THEY USE A BENDING MACHINE
TO HOLD OVER THE TOP EDGE OF THE

NEXT, THEY USE A BENDING MACHINE
TO HOLD OVER THE TOP EDGE OF THE
PIECE THAT WILL FORM THE

TO HOLD OVER THE TOP EDGE OF THE
PIECE THAT WILL FORM THE
HORIZONTAL PART OF THE "T."

PIECE THAT WILL FORM THE
HORIZONTAL PART OF THE "T."
THIS WILL ALLOW THE TOOL TO HOOK

HORIZONTAL PART OF THE "T."
THIS WILL ALLOW THE TOOL TO HOOK
ONTO THE EDGE OF A DRYWALL

THIS WILL ALLOW THE TOOL TO HOOK
ONTO THE EDGE OF A DRYWALL
PANEL.

ONTO THE EDGE OF A DRYWALL
PANEL.
FINALLY, THEY RIVET THE TWO

PANEL.
FINALLY, THEY RIVET THE TWO
PIECES TOGETHER.

THE DRYWALL SQUARE IS FINISHED.
FACTORIES CAN ALTER THE SIZE OF
THE TOOLS THEY PRODUCE TO MEET

FACTORIES CAN ALTER THE SIZE OF
THE TOOLS THEY PRODUCE TO MEET
THEIR CLIENTS' SPECIFICATIONS.

THE TOOLS THEY PRODUCE TO MEET
THEIR CLIENTS' SPECIFICATIONS.
STANDARD SCREWDRIVERS HAVE

THEIR CLIENTS' SPECIFICATIONS.
STANDARD SCREWDRIVERS HAVE
HANDLES MEASURING 3 1/2 TO JUST

STANDARD SCREWDRIVERS HAVE
HANDLES MEASURING 3 1/2 TO JUST
OVER 4 INCHES LONG WITH BLADES

HANDLES MEASURING 3 1/2 TO JUST
OVER 4 INCHES LONG WITH BLADES
THAT ARE 1 1/2 TO ALMOST 8

OVER 4 INCHES LONG WITH BLADES
THAT ARE 1 1/2 TO ALMOST 8
INCHES IN LENGTH.

THAT ARE 1 1/2 TO ALMOST 8
INCHES IN LENGTH.
SOME SCREWDRIVERS, ON THE OTHER

INCHES IN LENGTH.
SOME SCREWDRIVERS, ON THE OTHER
HAND, HAVE EXTRA-LONG BLADES,

SOME SCREWDRIVERS, ON THE OTHER
HAND, HAVE EXTRA-LONG BLADES,
WHILE STUBBY SCREWDRIVERS HAVE

HAND, HAVE EXTRA-LONG BLADES,
WHILE STUBBY SCREWDRIVERS HAVE
SHORT HANDLES FOR GETTING INTO

WHILE STUBBY SCREWDRIVERS HAVE
SHORT HANDLES FOR GETTING INTO
TIGHT PLACES.

SHORT HANDLES FOR GETTING INTO
TIGHT PLACES.
THEN, THERE ARE THOSE SKINNY

TIGHT PLACES.
THEN, THERE ARE THOSE SKINNY
POCKET SCREWDRIVERS AND

THEN, THERE ARE THOSE SKINNY
POCKET SCREWDRIVERS AND
PRECISION SCREWDRIVERS FOR

POCKET SCREWDRIVERS AND
PRECISION SCREWDRIVERS FOR
JEWELERS AND ELECTRONIC

PRECISION SCREWDRIVERS FOR
JEWELERS AND ELECTRONIC
TECHNICIANS...

JEWELERS AND ELECTRONIC
TECHNICIANS...
ALL OF WHICH PROVES THERE'S A

TECHNICIANS...
ALL OF WHICH PROVES THERE'S A
TOOL THAT'S THE RIGHT SIZE FOR

ALL OF WHICH PROVES THERE'S A
TOOL THAT'S THE RIGHT SIZE FOR
EVERY JOB.

>> Narrator: WE USE THEM TO
APPLY AND BLEND OUR MAKEUP,
WE USE THEM IN A PINCH TO PRY

APPLY AND BLEND OUR MAKEUP,
WE USE THEM IN A PINCH TO PRY
DIRT OUT OF TIGHT CREVICES, AND

WE USE THEM IN A PINCH TO PRY
DIRT OUT OF TIGHT CREVICES, AND
OF COURSE, WE USE THEM TO CLEAN

DIRT OUT OF TIGHT CREVICES, AND
OF COURSE, WE USE THEM TO CLEAN
OUR EARS, THOUGH DOCTORS SAY

OF COURSE, WE USE THEM TO CLEAN
OUR EARS, THOUGH DOCTORS SAY
NEVER TO INSERT THEM INTO THE

OUR EARS, THOUGH DOCTORS SAY
NEVER TO INSERT THEM INTO THE
EAR CANAL.

NEVER TO INSERT THEM INTO THE
EAR CANAL.
COTTON SWABS ARE JUST ONE OF

EAR CANAL.
COTTON SWABS ARE JUST ONE OF
THOSE LITTLE THINGS THAT ARE

COTTON SWABS ARE JUST ONE OF
THOSE LITTLE THINGS THAT ARE
REALLY HANDY TO HAVE AROUND THE

THOSE LITTLE THINGS THAT ARE
REALLY HANDY TO HAVE AROUND THE
HOUSE.

REALLY HANDY TO HAVE AROUND THE
HOUSE.
COTTON SWABS WERE INVENTED IN

HOUSE.
COTTON SWABS WERE INVENTED IN
1926 BY LEO GERSTENZANG, A

COTTON SWABS WERE INVENTED IN
1926 BY LEO GERSTENZANG, A
POLISH-BORN AMERICAN.

1926 BY LEO GERSTENZANG, A
POLISH-BORN AMERICAN.
HE GOT THE IDEA FROM WATCHING

POLISH-BORN AMERICAN.
HE GOT THE IDEA FROM WATCHING
HIS WIFE CLEAN OUT THEIR BABY'S

HE GOT THE IDEA FROM WATCHING
HIS WIFE CLEAN OUT THEIR BABY'S
EARS USING A FLIMSY TOOTHPICK

HIS WIFE CLEAN OUT THEIR BABY'S
EARS USING A FLIMSY TOOTHPICK
STUCK INTO A PIECE OF COTTON.

EARS USING A FLIMSY TOOTHPICK
STUCK INTO A PIECE OF COTTON.
LEO SET OUT TO DESIGN A SAFER

STUCK INTO A PIECE OF COTTON.
LEO SET OUT TO DESIGN A SAFER
DEVICE.

LEO SET OUT TO DESIGN A SAFER
DEVICE.
HE TOOK A THICKER WOODEN STICK

DEVICE.
HE TOOK A THICKER WOODEN STICK
AND WRAPPED THE ENDS WITH COTTON

HE TOOK A THICKER WOODEN STICK
AND WRAPPED THE ENDS WITH COTTON
IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT WOULDN'T

AND WRAPPED THE ENDS WITH COTTON
IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT WOULDN'T
COME OFF AND GET STUCK IN THE

IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT WOULDN'T
COME OFF AND GET STUCK IN THE
EAR.

COME OFF AND GET STUCK IN THE
EAR.
THE LEO GERSTENZANG INFANT

EAR.
THE LEO GERSTENZANG INFANT
NOVELTY COMPANY MARKETED THIS

THE LEO GERSTENZANG INFANT
NOVELTY COMPANY MARKETED THIS
INVENTION UNDER THE TRADE NAME

NOVELTY COMPANY MARKETED THIS
INVENTION UNDER THE TRADE NAME
BABY GAYS.

MANY COTTON-SWAB MAKERS ALSO
PRODUCE COSMETIC PADS.
BOTH START WITH BLEACHED COTTON.

PRODUCE COSMETIC PADS.
BOTH START WITH BLEACHED COTTON.
IT ARRIVES AT THE FACTORY

BOTH START WITH BLEACHED COTTON.
IT ARRIVES AT THE FACTORY
COMPRESSED IN LARGE BALES.

IT ARRIVES AT THE FACTORY
COMPRESSED IN LARGE BALES.
THE COTTON FIRST GOES INTO A

COMPRESSED IN LARGE BALES.
THE COTTON FIRST GOES INTO A
MACHINE CALLED THE FEEDER...

THE COTTON FIRST GOES INTO A
MACHINE CALLED THE FEEDER...
FROM THERE, INTO A MACHINE

MACHINE CALLED THE FEEDER...
FROM THERE, INTO A MACHINE
CALLED THE OPENER, WHICH SHREDS

FROM THERE, INTO A MACHINE
CALLED THE OPENER, WHICH SHREDS
THE BALES, PULLING THE COTTON

CALLED THE OPENER, WHICH SHREDS
THE BALES, PULLING THE COTTON
FIBERS APART.

THE BALES, PULLING THE COTTON
FIBERS APART.
NEXT STOP, THE CARDING MACHINE.

FIBERS APART.
NEXT STOP, THE CARDING MACHINE.
ITS LARGE ROLLERS COMB THE

NEXT STOP, THE CARDING MACHINE.
ITS LARGE ROLLERS COMB THE
COTTON FIBERS OUT.

ITS LARGE ROLLERS COMB THE
COTTON FIBERS OUT.
THEN, GUIDED BY WEIGHT-DETECTING

COTTON FIBERS OUT.
THEN, GUIDED BY WEIGHT-DETECTING
SENSORS, IT PRODUCES A UNIFORMLY

THEN, GUIDED BY WEIGHT-DETECTING
SENSORS, IT PRODUCES A UNIFORMLY
THICK RIBBON OF COTTON CALLED A

SENSORS, IT PRODUCES A UNIFORMLY
THICK RIBBON OF COTTON CALLED A
WEB.

THICK RIBBON OF COTTON CALLED A
WEB.
THIS WEB IS NOW READY TO BE

WEB.
THIS WEB IS NOW READY TO BE
PROCESSED INTO EITHER COTTON

THIS WEB IS NOW READY TO BE
PROCESSED INTO EITHER COTTON
SWABS OR COSMETIC PADS.

TO MAKE PADS, THEY LAYER SEVERAL
WEBS -- JUST HOW MANY, THOUGH,
IS A CLOSELY GUARDED COMPANY

WEBS -- JUST HOW MANY, THOUGH,
IS A CLOSELY GUARDED COMPANY
SECRET.

IS A CLOSELY GUARDED COMPANY
SECRET.
AND SO IS HOW MUCH PRESSURE THEY

SECRET.
AND SO IS HOW MUCH PRESSURE THEY
APPLY TO THOSE LAYERS TO

AND SO IS HOW MUCH PRESSURE THEY
APPLY TO THOSE LAYERS TO
COMPRESS THEM.

APPLY TO THOSE LAYERS TO
COMPRESS THEM.
THIS SECRET RECIPE OF LAYERS AND

COMPRESS THEM.
THIS SECRET RECIPE OF LAYERS AND
PRESSURE IS WHAT ULTIMATELY

THIS SECRET RECIPE OF LAYERS AND
PRESSURE IS WHAT ULTIMATELY
DETERMINES THE WEIGHT OF THE

PRESSURE IS WHAT ULTIMATELY
DETERMINES THE WEIGHT OF THE
PAD.

DETERMINES THE WEIGHT OF THE
PAD.
THE HEAVIER IT IS, THE HIGHER

PAD.
THE HEAVIER IT IS, THE HIGHER
THE QUALITY BECAUSE IT'S

THE HEAVIER IT IS, THE HIGHER
THE QUALITY BECAUSE IT'S
THICKER.

THE QUALITY BECAUSE IT'S
THICKER.
THE NOW-COMPRESSED LAYERS OF WEB

THICKER.
THE NOW-COMPRESSED LAYERS OF WEB
GO THROUGH A MACHINE CALLED THE

THE NOW-COMPRESSED LAYERS OF WEB
GO THROUGH A MACHINE CALLED THE
SLITTER.

GO THROUGH A MACHINE CALLED THE
SLITTER.
IT CUTS THE WIDE ROLL INTO

SLITTER.
IT CUTS THE WIDE ROLL INTO
SEVERAL NARROWER ROLLS CALLED

IT CUTS THE WIDE ROLL INTO
SEVERAL NARROWER ROLLS CALLED
HEADER ROLLS.

EACH HEADER ROLL THEN GOES
THROUGH A MACHINE THAT STAMPS ON
A QUILT-LIKE PATTERN, PURELY FOR

THROUGH A MACHINE THAT STAMPS ON
A QUILT-LIKE PATTERN, PURELY FOR
AESTHETICS.

FINALLY, USING A PUNCHING DIE,
THEY CUT THE PADS.
ON THIS PRODUCTION RUN, EACH PAD

THEY CUT THE PADS.
ON THIS PRODUCTION RUN, EACH PAD
WEIGHS ABOUT 2/100 OF AN OUNCE,

ON THIS PRODUCTION RUN, EACH PAD
WEIGHS ABOUT 2/100 OF AN OUNCE,
BUT THE FACTORY CAN PRODUCE

WEIGHS ABOUT 2/100 OF AN OUNCE,
BUT THE FACTORY CAN PRODUCE
WHATEVER WEIGHT THE CLIENT

BUT THE FACTORY CAN PRODUCE
WHATEVER WEIGHT THE CLIENT
REQUESTS.

WHATEVER WEIGHT THE CLIENT
REQUESTS.
THE COSMETIC PADS ARE READY TO

REQUESTS.
THE COSMETIC PADS ARE READY TO
BE PACKAGED.

THE COSMETIC PADS ARE READY TO
BE PACKAGED.
THIS CLIENT WANTS THEM IN BAGS

BE PACKAGED.
THIS CLIENT WANTS THEM IN BAGS
OF 100.

THIS CLIENT WANTS THEM IN BAGS
OF 100.
THE BLUE LIGHT SHOWS THE WORKERS

OF 100.
THE BLUE LIGHT SHOWS THE WORKERS
THE 100-PAD CUTOFF POINT.

THE BLUE LIGHT SHOWS THE WORKERS
THE 100-PAD CUTOFF POINT.
TO MAKE COTTON SWABS, THE

THE 100-PAD CUTOFF POINT.
TO MAKE COTTON SWABS, THE
INITIAL WEB IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR

TO MAKE COTTON SWABS, THE
INITIAL WEB IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR
NARROWER WEBS, EACH WEIGHING

INITIAL WEB IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR
NARROWER WEBS, EACH WEIGHING
ABOUT 5/100 OF AN OUNCE PER

NARROWER WEBS, EACH WEIGHING
ABOUT 5/100 OF AN OUNCE PER
YARD.

ABOUT 5/100 OF AN OUNCE PER
YARD.
EACH NARROW WEB TRAVELS THROUGH

YARD.
EACH NARROW WEB TRAVELS THROUGH
A FUNNEL, WHICH TRANSFORMS ITS

EACH NARROW WEB TRAVELS THROUGH
A FUNNEL, WHICH TRANSFORMS ITS
SHAPE FROM FLAT TO ROUND.

A FUNNEL, WHICH TRANSFORMS ITS
SHAPE FROM FLAT TO ROUND.
THEN, IT COILS INTO A BARREL.

SHAPE FROM FLAT TO ROUND.
THEN, IT COILS INTO A BARREL.
THE SWAB-MAKING MACHINE THEN

THEN, IT COILS INTO A BARREL.
THE SWAB-MAKING MACHINE THEN
TAKES COTTON STRANDS FROM TWO

THE SWAB-MAKING MACHINE THEN
TAKES COTTON STRANDS FROM TWO
BARRELS AT A TIME, FEEDING A

TAKES COTTON STRANDS FROM TWO
BARRELS AT A TIME, FEEDING A
LINE OF COTTON TO EACH END OF

BARRELS AT A TIME, FEEDING A
LINE OF COTTON TO EACH END OF
THE STICK.

LINE OF COTTON TO EACH END OF
THE STICK.
LIKE THE COSMETIC PADS, THE

THE STICK.
LIKE THE COSMETIC PADS, THE
AMOUNT OF COTTON PER STICK

LIKE THE COSMETIC PADS, THE
AMOUNT OF COTTON PER STICK
VARIES ACCORDING TO THE CLIENT'S

AMOUNT OF COTTON PER STICK
VARIES ACCORDING TO THE CLIENT'S
SPECIFICATIONS.

VARIES ACCORDING TO THE CLIENT'S
SPECIFICATIONS.
THE STICK FEEDER PREPARES THE

SPECIFICATIONS.
THE STICK FEEDER PREPARES THE
STICKS.

THE STICK FEEDER PREPARES THE
STICKS.
THEN, AS WE SEE HERE IN SLOW

STICKS.
THEN, AS WE SEE HERE IN SLOW
MOTION, THE MACHINE CUTS THE

THEN, AS WE SEE HERE IN SLOW
MOTION, THE MACHINE CUTS THE
COTTON STRAND AND ROLLS A PIECE

MOTION, THE MACHINE CUTS THE
COTTON STRAND AND ROLLS A PIECE
ONTO BOTH ENDS OF THE STICK

COTTON STRAND AND ROLLS A PIECE
ONTO BOTH ENDS OF THE STICK
SIMULTANEOUSLY.

ONTO BOTH ENDS OF THE STICK
SIMULTANEOUSLY.
JUST PRIOR, A HEATING DEVICE

SIMULTANEOUSLY.
JUST PRIOR, A HEATING DEVICE
MELTED THE TIPS OF THE PLASTIC

JUST PRIOR, A HEATING DEVICE
MELTED THE TIPS OF THE PLASTIC
STICKS SO THE COTTON WOULD

MELTED THE TIPS OF THE PLASTIC
STICKS SO THE COTTON WOULD
ADHERE.

STICKS SO THE COTTON WOULD
ADHERE.
WITH WOOD OR CARDBOARD STICKS,

ADHERE.
WITH WOOD OR CARDBOARD STICKS,
THEY GLUE THE COTTON ON.

WITH WOOD OR CARDBOARD STICKS,
THEY GLUE THE COTTON ON.
THE FINISHED SWABS ARE SPRAYED

THEY GLUE THE COTTON ON.
THE FINISHED SWABS ARE SPRAYED
WITH AN ANTIBACTERIAL SOLUTION.

THE FINISHED SWABS ARE SPRAYED
WITH AN ANTIBACTERIAL SOLUTION.
HERE'S THAT ACTION IN SLOW

WITH AN ANTIBACTERIAL SOLUTION.
HERE'S THAT ACTION IN SLOW
MOTION.

HERE'S THAT ACTION IN SLOW
MOTION.
NOW IN REAL TIME -- 2,000 SWABS

MOTION.
NOW IN REAL TIME -- 2,000 SWABS
PER MINUTE.

SENSORS DETECT ANY DEFECTIVE

SWABS AND AUTOMATICALLY TOSS

THEM OFF THE PRODUCTION LINE.

IF YOU LOOK CLOSELY, EVERY SO

OFTEN, YOU'LL SEE ONE MISSING.

FINALLY, A ROBOTIC ARM GRABS THE

EXACT NUMBER OF SWABS PER BOX,

AGAIN DETERMINED BY THE

CUSTOMER'S SPECS, AND PACKAGES

THEM.

THE COMPANY'S LAB DOES SPOT

CHECKS ON ITS SWABS TO ENSURE

THAT THE ANTIBACTERIAL SOLUTION

IS WORKING...

AND THAT THE PRODUCTS ARE

GERMFREE.

CAPTIONS PAID FOR BY
DISCOVERY COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

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