How Green Was My Valley (1941) - full transcript

I am packing my belongings
in the shawl my mother

used to wear when she
went to the market...

and I am going from my valley.

And this time I shall never return.

I am leaving behind me
my 50 years of memory.

Memory.

Strange that the mind will forget so much
of what only this moment is passed...

and yet hold clear and bright the
memory of what happened years ago...

of men and women long since dead.

Yet who shall say what
is real and what is not?

Can I believe my friends all gone...



when their voices are
still a glory in my ears?

No. And I will stand to
say no and no again...

for they remain a living
truth within my mind.

There is no fence nor hedge
around time that is gone.

You can go back and have what you
like of it, if you can remember.

So I can close my eyes on my valley
as it is today and it is gone...

and I see it as it was when I was a boy.

Green it was, and possessed
of the plenty of the earth.

In all Wales, there was none so beautiful.

Everything I ever learnt as a
small boy came from my father...

and I never found anything he ever
told me to be wrong or worthless.

The simple lessons he taught me are
as sharp and clear in my mind...

as if I had heard them only yesterday.

In those days, the black slag,
the waste of the coal pits...



had only begun to cover
the side of our hill...

not yet enough to mar the countryside,
nor blacken the beauty of our village.

For the colliery had only begun to poke its
skinny black fingers through the green.

I can hear even now the voice
of my sister Angharad.

Huw!

Angharad!

Coal miners were my father and all my
brothers, and proud of their trade.

● Gwilym Morgan, three pounds seven.
● Thank you, sir.

Ianto Morgan, three pounds seven.

Ivor Morgan, three pounds seven.

Davy Morgan, two pounds five.

Owen Morgan, two pounds five.

Young Gwilym Morgan, one pound ten.

Someone would strike up a song...

and the valley would ring with
the sound of many voices.

For singing is in my people
as sight is in the eye.

Then came the scrubbing,
out in the back yard.

It was the duty of my sister Angharad to
bring the buckets of hot water and cold...

and I performed what
little tasks I could...

as my father and brothers scrubbed
the coal dust from their backs.

Most would come off them, but
some would stay for life.

It is the honorable badge
of the coal miner...

and I envied it on my father
and grown-up brothers.

Scrub and scrub, Mr. Coal would
lie there and laugh at you.

There was always a baron of beef or a
shoulder or leg of lamb before my father.

There was never any talk
while we were eating.

I never met anybody whose talk
was better than good food.

My mother was always on the run...

always the last to start her
dinner, and the first to finish.

For if my father was the head of our
house, my mother was its heart.

After the dishes had been washed,
the box was brought to the table...

for the spending money to be handed out.

No one in our valley had ever seen a bank.

We kept our savings on the mantelpiece.

My father used to say that
money was made to be spent...

just as men spend their strength
and brains in earning it...

and as willingly.

But always with a purpose.

Thank you, Dadda.

Out of the house and across the street,
as I had run a hundred times before.

Softly now, for respect for chapel was
the first thing my father taught us.

Then straight to Mrs. Tossal the Shop...

for that toffee which you could
chew for hours, it seems to me now.

And even after it had gone
down, you could swallow...

and still find the taste of
it hiding behind your tongue.

It is with me now, so many years later.

It makes me think of so much
that was good that is gone.

It was on this afternoon that
I first saw Bron - Bronwyn.

She had come over from the next valley for
her first call on my father and mother.

Is this Gwilym Morgan's house?

You must be Huw.

● Is that you, Bronwyn?
● Yes.

There's lovely you are.

I think I fell in love with Bronwyn then.

Perhaps it is foolish
to think a child could

fall in love, but I am
the child that was...

and nobody knows how I
felt, except only me.

● I'm so proud for Ivor.
● I'm the one to be proud.

You think well of our Ivor?
It seems only a few months...

since he was scratching around here
like this one, with his mouth open.

This is Bronwyn, Huw,
who's to be your sister.

We have met already.

Be careful of the basket.
There's shortcake in it.

This is not for you. You will have
your time to come. Run along now.

Bronwyn and Ivor were to be married
by the new preacher, Mr. Gruffydd...

who had come from the
university at Cardiff.

This was my first sight of him.

♪ Now here's a man won't get drunk,
can't get drunk, shan't get drunk

♪ Here's a man won't get drunk, Peter O'Pea

♪ From my heel to my toe,
from my toe to my knee

♪ I'll walk the line, chalk
the line, Peter O'Pea

● Good evening, Mr. Morgan.
● Yes, indeed, sir.

● Excuse me.
● Thank you.

Come now, boys. Back to work.

Ivor, find Dai Griffiths and Idris John
and bring them to Mr. Evans's office.

● Will we come with you?
● No. This is a matter for the older men.

● Home to your mother.
● But -

Leave it now, Davy.

Well, come.

● Why aren't you washed?
● We were waiting for you.

The cut is only a few shillings.
There will still be plenty for us.

A bit of supper now, is it, girl?

It is because they are not
getting the old price for coal.

● Come and wash now.
● May we speak first, sir?

● Yes.
● They did not give you the real reason.

We've been expecting it since the
ironworks at Dowlais closed down.

What have the ironworks to do with us?

The men from Dowlais will work for any
wage, so all our wages must come down.

And this is only the beginning. Watch now.

They will cut us again
and still again, until

they have this as empty
as their promises.

● A good worker is worth good wages. ● Not
while there are three men for every job.

Why should the owners pay more
if men will work for less?

Because the owners are not savages.
They are men too, like us.

Men, yes, but not like us.

Would they deal with you just
now, sir, when you went to them?

● No.
● Because they have power and we have none.

● How will we get power, then? From the
air? ● No. From a union of all the men.

Union, is it? I never thought I'd hear
my own sons talking socialist nonsense.

● It's good sense.
● Unless we stand together -

● I've had enough of this talk.
● But, Father, it does -

Come and wash now.

Your good mother will be waiting.

Do you think I'll let
them make you stand in

the rain and not raise
my hands to stop it?

Hush, Davy.

● Who gave you permission to speak?
● It is too important for silence.

● They're trying to punish you because - ●
It is not more important than good manners.

But what are we going to do about it?
You'll die of cold when it comes to snow.

Let us stand together and
see how they act then.

Right. The men will come
out if we say the word.

All the pits are ready.

You'll not make me a
plank for your politics.

I will not be the
excuse for any strike.

But if they do that to the spokesman,
what will they try and do to the men?

We will see. Be silent now.
Finish your supper.

● Father -
● Enough now.

● But -
● On with your work.

● It is not enough.
● Wait until you have permission to speak.

I will speak against injustice anywhere,
with permission or without it.

● Not in this house.
● In this house and outside, sir.

● Leave the table.
● I will leave the house.

● Tell your father you're sorry.
● I'm not sorry.

I'm with you. We can find
lodgings in the village.

Gwilym.

All of you, then?

For the last time, sit down, finish
your supper. I will say no more.

We are not questioning your authority, sir.

But if manners prevent our speaking the
truth, we will be without manners.

Get your clothes and go.

● I'm going with them to look after them. ●
Hold your tongue. Get on with your dishes.

Yes, my son, I know you are there.

The men have struck.

What does it mean, Mr. Gruffydd?

It means that...

something has gone out of this
valley that may never be replaced.

Home to your father and mother, boy.
They'll need you today.

Twenty-two weeks the men were out
as the strike moved into winter.

It was strange to go out into the street
and find the men there in the daytime.

It had a feeling of fright in it.

And always the mood of
the men grew uglier...

as empty bellies and desperation
began to conquer reason.

Any man who was not their
friend became their enemy.

They knew that my father
had opposed the strike...

and now it was they who opposed him.

Huw, there's a meeting of the men
in the hills tonight, is it?

● Yes, Momma.
● You will take me.

No, Momma. It is no place for women.

There is a place for this woman
there tonight, upon my soul.

Wait. Wait till you hear me.

I am Beth Morgan, as you damn well know.

I have come to tell you
what I think of you,

because you are talking
against my husband.

You're a lot of cowards to go against him.

He would do nothing against you and
he never has, and you know him well.

How you smug-faced hypocrites can sit in
the same chapel with him, I cannot tell.

To say he is with the owners is not only
nonsense, but downright wickedness.

There's one thing more I've
got to say, and it is this.

If harm comes to my Gwilym...

I'll find out the men and I will
kill them with my two hands.

And this I will swear by God Almighty.

Ianto! Help!

Hold on, Momma. They've heard us.
They're coming.

He was awake just now.

He'll do, then. But it's
beyond me to say why.

You're breeding horses in
this family, Mr. Morgan.

This boy should be in his
coffin, for my part.

He's a Morgan then, is it, sir?

He should be fed now, Mrs.
Ivor. A little soup...

and some warm smiles.

Horse.

● Good day. Wait, wait, wait.
● Huw was awake just now. He spoke to Bron.

● How long then for the little one?
● It's hard to tell.

His legs were frozen to the bone. A
year, two years, quiet like that.

But I can't promise that he'll ever walk
again. Nature must take her course. Gee up.

Mind your tongue. I think he heard you.

Where is the light I thought
to see in your eye?

Are you afraid, boy?

● You heard what the doctor said?
● Yes, sir.

And you believed it?

Yes, sir.

You want to walk again, don't you?

Yes, sir.

Then you must have faith.

And if you have, you will walk again,
no matter what all the doctors say.

But he said nature must take her course.

Nature is the handmaiden of the Lord.

I remember one or two occasions when she
was given orders to change her course.

● You know your scriptures, boy.
● Yes, sir.

Then you know that what's been done
before can be done again, for you.

Do you believe me, Huw?

● Yes, sir.
● Good.

You will see the first
daffodil, out on the mountain.

● Will you?
● Indeed I will, sir.

Then you will.

I could almost wish...

that I were lying there in your place...

if it meant reading this book
again for the first time.

Treasure Island.

Mr. Gruffydd?

● I couldn't let you go without thanking
you. ● It was only my duty, girl.

No. It was more than duty.

Yes. Huw's a fine boy.

And you're a fine family.

You'd better be going in now.
You'll catch your death.

Will you be coming to supper soon?

Yes. Later, when you're
finished with doctors and such.

● I will hurry them away, then.
● Good.

"Squire Trelawney, Dr. Livesey, and
the rest of these gentlemen...

"having asked me to write down the whole
particulars about Treasure Island...

"from the beginning to
the end, keeping nothing

back but the bearings
of the island...

"and that only because there is
still treasure not yet lifted...

"I take up my pen in the
year of grace 1785...

"and go back to the time when my
father kept the Admiral Benbow inn."

All the noble books which have
lived in my mind ever since...

and always I hoped, and kept my faith.

For the first months my
mother was still upstairs...

and we could talk to each
other with tappings.

Spring?

There you are, girl.

Easy.

There.

Wait.

It's the old snow got into it.

Gwilym.

There is a wife you have,
resting in her bed

and letting strangers
care for her family.

There is a wife I have, then.

Go along with you, boy.

♪ Paham mae dicter, O Myfanwy
♪ Yn llenwi'th lygaid duon di

♪ A'th ruddiau tirion, O Myfanwy
♪ Heb wrido wrth fy ngweled i

♪ Pa le mae'r wên oedd ar dy wefus
♪ Fu'n cynnau 'nghariad ffyddlon ffôl

♪ Pa le mae sain dy eiriau melys
♪ Fu'n denu'n nghalon ar dy ôl

Will you say something, Mother?

Go on, say something.

What can I say?

You found plenty to say
last time you spoke.

It should be easier
now, with friends.

Well -

Well. Come and eat, everyone.

More, is it, boys?

Ianto.

I haven't seen you in chapel lately.

● I have been too busy.
● What business, may I ask?

● Mine.
● Only asking a civil question, I was.

And having a civil answer. I
have been busy with the union.

Unions are the work of the Devil.
You will come to no good end.

At least I am not sitting on
it, talking rubbish in chapel.

● Look here - ● Leave it, or
I'll say something to be sorry.

This is a matter that requires airing.

Ianto, why do you think we
at the chapel talk rubbish?

My remark was not aimed at you.

Then aim it.

Very well.

Because you make yourselves out
to be shepherds of the flock...

and yet you allow your sheep
to live in filth and poverty.

And if they try and raise
their voices against it...

you calm them by telling them their
suffering is the will of God.

Sheep, indeed. Are we sheep to be herded
and sheared by a handful of owners?

I was taught man was made in
the image of God, not a sheep.

● lanto.
● I haven't expressed my views...

because I haven't had any wish to
interfere in a family disagreement.

You have my permission to speak.

Very well, then. Here is what I think.

First, have your union.

You need it. Alone, you are weak.
Together, you are strong.

But remember that with strength goes
responsibility, to others and yourselves.

For you cannot conquer injustice
with more injustice...

only with justice, and the help of God.

Are you coming outside your
position in life, Mr. Gruffydd?

Your business is spiritual.

My business is anything between
man and the spirit of God.

The deacons shall hear that you
have been preaching socialism.

● Mr. Parry -
● Loose the old devil.

● Mr. Parry -
● Stop now. He is our guest.

● Beth, a pint of home-brew for Mr.
Parry. ●

I'll give him a clout
with the frying pan.

Miss Jenkins. A sweet song. The harp,
is it? Come on, men. Get in here.

Now look, a little song -

Angharad.

Mr. Gruffydd, will we always be in your
debt? Now you have made us a family again.

Here. Let me.

Your hands. There's a pity.

No matter.

Have you ever been down the collieries?

● Ten years.
● Ten years?

While I was studying.

● A bit of soap now.
● Don't bother, please.

There's a man for you, spoiling
his good handkerchief.

Look now, you are king in the chapel,
but I will be queen in my own kitchen.

You will be queen wherever you walk.

What does that mean?

I should not have said it.

Why?

I have no right to speak to you so.

Mr. Gruffydd?

If the right is mine to give...

you have it.

Then the strike was settled, with the
help of Mr. Gruffydd and my father.

Work again, work to wipe out the
memory of idleness and hardship.

The men were happy going
up the hill that morning.

● One and nine.
● One and ten.

But not all of them, for there were
too many now for the jobs open...

and some learned that never again would
there be work for them in their own valley.

It is the same all over South Wales, it is.

Father, in Cardiff the men are standing in
line to have bread from the government.

Not for us, eh, lad?

We will have our share of the
box and go, if you please, sir.

● Where will you go?
● America.

● My share too, Owen.
● And mine.

No. Our own.

● We will take no charity.
● Not charity, man. Sense.

No, only our own.

Say nothing of this to your mother.
Let this day be over first.

Never mind saying nothing.

I heard.

America.

My babies.

Shall we have a chapter, my sons?

What shall we have, sir?

Isaiah 55.

Those two gone. This is only the beginning.

Then all of you will go, one
after the other. All of you.

I will never leave you, Momma.

Huw, boy, if you should ever leave
me, I'll be sorry I ever had babies.

Why did you have them?

Indeed to goodness, boy, why?

To keep my hands in water and
my face to the fire, perhaps.

For Mr. Ivor Morgan.

From Windsor Castle it is.

"Mr. Ivor Morgan is commanded
to appear before Her Maj -

"Mr. Ivor Morgan is commanded to appear
before Her Majesty at Windsor Castle...

"with chosen members of
his choir, on the 14th

of May between the hours
of three and five."

To sing before the Queen.

My son, I never thought to
see this beautiful day.

Idris, Owen, all of you. Fetch
everyone from all the valleys round.

Davy, over to the other collieries.
Invite everyone.

Ianto, down to the Three Bells for beer.
Open house tonight for all who will come.

My sons, you shall have a
sendoff worthy of the Morgans.

Our Heavenly Father, I give thanks
from the heart to live this day.

I give thanks for all I have, and I
do give thanks for this new blessing.

For you are our Father, but we
look to our Queen as our mother.

Comfort her in her troubles, O God...

and let her worries be not more
than she shall bear at her age.

And grant that sweetness
and power and spirit...

may be given to these voices
that shall sing at her command.

● Amen.
● Amen.

♪ God save our gracious Queen

♪ Long live our noble Queen

♪ God save our Queen

♪ Send her victorious

♪ Happy and glorious

Gwilym. Owen.

♪ Long to reign over us

♪ God save our Queen

Good morning, Mr. Gruffydd.
Angharad is down to the market.

Angharad? I've come for Huw.

For Huw?

● The daffodils are out, Momma.
● Where are your clothes?

Under my pillow. For these
months, ready for today.

Come you, then, and you shall bring
back a posy fit for a queen...

for your brave mother.

Indeed I will, sir.

● Almost there, Huw.
● Yes, sir.

● Low bridge there. Watch out.
● It's fun.

● All right?
● Yes, sir.

● All right?
● Yes, sir.

Easy it is, now.

There.

Cwm Rhondda.

You can walk, Huw, if you try.

Come, lad. You can walk.

Huw. Walk.

There's a good lad. Come on.

See?

There's a good old man.

You've been lucky, Huw.

Lucky to suffer, and lucky to
spend these weary months in bed.

For so God has given you a chance
to make spirit within yourself.

And as your father cleans his
lamp to have good light...

so keep clean your spirit, huh?

How, sir?

By prayer, Huw.

And by prayer I don't mean
shouting and mumbling...

and wallowing like a hog
in religious sentiment.

Prayer is only another name for
good, clean, direct thinking.

When you pray, think.

Think well what you're saying.

Make your thoughts into
things that are solid...

and in that way your
prayer will have strength.

And that strength will become a part
of you, body, mind, and spirit.

And the first duty of these new legs
is to get you to chapel on Sunday.

● Indeed they will, sir.
● There's a good old man again.

Give me your hand.

Come on, now.

Will you please remain in your places?
There's to be a meeting of the deacons.

Meillyn Lewis.

Step forward.

Your sins have found you out.

And now you must pay the
price of all women like you.

You have brought a child into the
world against the commandment.

Prayer is wasted on your sort.

You shall be cast out into the utter
darkness till you have learned your lesson.

Meillyn Lewis, do you admit your sin?

Yes.

Then prepare to suffer your punishment.

Stop it. Leave her alone, you hypocrite.

● Leave it now, Mr. Morgan.
● Sit down.

Angharad.

How could you watch them? Cruel old men,
groaning and nodding to hurt her more.

That is not the word of God. "Go
thou and sin no more," Jesus said.

Angharad.

● You know your Bible too
well, life too little.

● I know Meillyn Lewis
is no worse than I am.

● Angharad.
● What do the deacons know about it?

What do you know about what could
happen to a poor girl when...

when she loves a man so much that even to
lose sight of him for a moment is torture?

Meillyn.

● Does it hurt you, Huw?
● Easy, now.

Huw?

Angharad.

I am a man now. Kindly leave the kitchen.

So you're a man now, is it?

Beth. Blasphemy, sacrilege, and hypocrisy.

Can't a man smoke and read
a paper on the Sabbath?

Go and blow your nose.

Come in.

Come in.

What under the blazes -

● Good morning, Morgan.
● Good morning, Mr. Evans.

● Sit down, sir. Sit down, sir.
● Thank you.

Mr. Evans.

The mine owner himself.

Angharad.

● Now to business.
● Yes, sir.

I've come here on a very
delicate mission, Morgan.

● No trouble, sir?
● No. No trouble.

● But it worries me.
● Yes, sir.

I'm here to get your permission...

that my son lestyn

may have permission -

● Bless you, Morgan.
● Thank you, sir.

● Now where was I?
● "Permission"?

Yes. That my son lestyn...

may have permission, with
your daughter's permission...

to call upon her. There we are.

We are a very proud family, Mr. Evans.

Yes, I know. I know, Morgan.

But this is not my doing, Morgan.
It's that young whelp of a -

Mr. Evans. Your son has my
permission to speak to me.

Thank you, Morgan. I'm
very much obliged to you.

Yes, sir.

Good old Welsh blood, you know,
and all that sort of thing.

● I'm very much obliged, Morgan.
● Yes, sir.

Beth.

Come, come, come. My shoes. Get my shoes.

You, girl. Get up to your room. Have you
no modesty left in you? Get up there.

Get your hands out. My shoes.
Find the shoes.

Why don't you get your jackets on?

Mr. Morgan?

Sit down.

This is my wife, Mrs. Morgan.

How do you do?

Mr. Morgan, I've come
to ask your permission

to speak to your
daughter, Angharad.

These are my sons.

Yes. I know them.

God bless you.

You shouldn't be here.

I couldn't spend another
night without knowing.

What has happened? Is anything wrong?

● Wrong?
● You know what I mean.

Why have you changed towards me?
Why am I a stranger now?

Have I done anything?

No.

The blame is mine.

Your mother spoke to me after chapel.

She's happy to think you'll be
having plenty all of your days.

With lestyn Evans.

● You could do no better.
● I don't want him.

I want you.

Angharad?

I have spent nights too,
trying to think this out.

When I took up this work,
I knew what it meant.

It meant sacrifice and devotion.

It meant making it my whole life to the
- to the exclusion of everything else.

That I was perfectly willing to do.

But to share it with another -

do you think I will have
you going threadbare...

depending on the charity of
others for your good meals?

Our children growing up
in cast-off clothing...

and ourselves thanking God for
parenthood in a house full of bits?

No. I can bear with such a life
for the sake of my work...

but I think I'd start to kill if -

if I saw the white come to your
hair 20 years before its time.

Why?

Why would you start to kill?

Are you a man or a saint?

I am no saint. But I
have a duty towards you.

Let me do it.

Is there to be no singing for my
daughter's wedding, Dai Bando?

Now then. The bathtub holds 100 gallons.

"A" fills it at the rate
of 20 gallons a minute...

and "B" at the rate of
ten gallons a minute.

● Got that, Mr. Morgan?
● Twenty and ten gallons. Yes, sir.

Now then. "C" is a hole that empties it
at the rate of five gallons a minute.

How long to fill the tub?

There is silly. Trying to fill a
bathtub full of holes, indeed.

A sum it is, girl. A sum.
A problem for the mind.

● For his examination into school.
● That old national school.

'Tis silly they are
with their sums. Who

would pour water in a
bathtub full of holes?

● Who would think of it? Only a madman.
● It is to see if the boy can calculate.

Figures, nothing else. How
many gallons, and how long.

In a bathtub full of holes.

Now I know why I have such a tribe of sons.

It is you, Beth Morgan, is the cause.

Look you, Mr. Gruffydd.
Have you something else?

The decimal point.

The decimal.

The decimal point, then,
and peace to my house.

● Go and scratch.
● Well, it's getting late.

I've got to get along. We'll follow
the decimal point tomorrow night.

● Good night.
● Good night, Mrs. Morgan.

Who is there that cannot look back and
remember his first day at a new school?

To go alone the long walk over
the hills to the next valley...

the first of my family to have the
privilege of attending a national school.

So you're the new boy?

● Yes, sir.
● You're late.

Yes, sir.

What a dirty little sweep it is.

Who are your people?

● Where are you from?
● Cwm Rhondda.

Cwm Rhondda?

A little genius from the coal pits.

And they expect me to make a scholar of it.
All right, come in.

Were you brought up in stables?

Well, shut the door.

Your boots are muddy.

They were clean when I left home.

You will address me as "sir", or
I'll put a stick about your back.

● Now sit down here.
● Yes, sir.

Come here, you dirty little sweep.

What have we here?

A pencil box.

Pretty, too.

You broke my pencil box.

Mervyn, stop it. You'll hurt him.

I fell on the mountain.

Did you win, Huw?

No.

Ianto.

● Fetch Dai Bando.
● Dai Bando, is it?

● Are you willing to go to school tomorrow?
● Yes, sir.

Good. You shall get a penny for every mark
on your face, sixpence for a bloody nose...

a shilling for a black eye, two
shillings for a broken nose.

Gwilym. Stop it. Fight again...

and when you come home, not a look
will you get from me, not a word.

Break your own nose, then. Break my heart
every time you go out of the house.

● A boy must fight, Beth.
● Fight?

Fight? Another beating like
that, he will walk home dead.

Beating? He's had no beating.

A hiding, yes, but no beating.

Give the boy time, it will be he
that's giving the beating, is it?

Dai Bando. Come into the house.

● Good evening, Mrs. Morgan.
● Leave off your hat.

Dai Bando is going to
teach you to box, Huw.

To fight first. Too many call themselves
boxers who are not even fighters.

● Boxing is an art, is it?
● It is, it is.

Go along with you, girl. A
cup of tea for the men.

● Tea?
● Tea?

No tea, Mrs. Morgan.

In training, he is.

A glass of beer, if you please.

Baths full of holes.

And now prizefighters.

So our little coal miner has been
indulging in his favorite sport again?

● Mr. Phillips, make a back. Make a back.
● I refuse, sir.

Mr. Wells, make a back.

Here. Put this in between your teeth.

Bite it hard.

Well, the scholar.

● Huw, lad.
● Well, I will go to my death.

● Did you get that in school?
● He has cut you to the bone. Who was it?

● Mr. Jonas, is it?
● We'll have a word with Mr. Jonas.

● No.
● And why not?

● I broke the rule when I fought.
● There is no rule for that.

● But he warned me.
● Rubbish, boy. I'll -

Hush, Davy.

This is Huw's affair. He shall decide.

Say the word, lad, and we will
have the bones hot from his flesh.

No. Leave him alone.

I think our baby brother
is becoming quite a man.

These denominations are used
in measuring distances and -

● Yes?
● Right.

● Good morning, Mr. -
● Jonas.

Mr. Jonas. We have come to
the right place indeed.

What can I do for you?

A man is never too old to
learn, is it, Mr. Jonas?

● No.
● I was in school myself once.

● But no great one for knowledge.
● Look here, what do you want?

Knowledge.

How would you go about taking the
measurement of a stick, Mr. Jonas?

● By its length, of course.
● And how would you measure a man...

who would use a stick on a
boy one third his size?

● Tell us.
● Now, you are good in the use of a stick.

But boxing is my subject, to the rules laid
down by the good Marquess of Queensberry.

God rest his soul.

And happy I am to pass
on my knowledge to you.

Mr. Mottshill. Mr. Mottshill.

All right, get him into position, now.

Look, to make a good boxer, you
must have a good right hand.

You see?

Now, that is how you will punish
your man, with a right and a left.

And put your soul into it, with -

The gentleman is talking to you.

● Raise him up.
● Come, come, come. Up, up, up.

Position again.

Could I have your
attention, boys and girls?

I am not accustomed to
speaking in public...

● Only public houses.
● but this...

never use. It's against the rules.
Break a man's nose. Now the -

● I'm afraid he will never make a boxer.
● No aptitude for knowledge.

Mr. Gruffydd.

Ivor. Fell under a tram. Lower level.

Ivor!

● We have our first grandson, Gwil.
● Well, give one and take the other.

Tell that to that girl up there.
She will answer you.

● Hist now, Beth. Do not kindle the wrath.
● To hell with the wrath.

And I'm saying it plain to be heard.

'Tis good. With honors, then.

Our son is a scholar.

What is it, Huw? I can't
make sense with it.

● Latin, it is.
● Latin, is it?

Why not good Welsh, or even English?

● It is the fashion.
● Fashion.

Frenchies, decimal points,
and bathtubs full of holes.

My poor Huw. They've stuffed
your head with Latin, then?

● Beth, my old beauty, you.
A black eye, is it?

● Go ahead, shout. Wake
up the baby, then.

There is beautiful. The
image of my father, he is.

What bloody nonsense.

Now then, Huw. What will it be?

To Cardiff to school, then the university
to be a lawyer, is it, or a doctor?

Dr. Huw Morgan. Well, Uncle Huw,
that will be something special.

Yes, indeed, with a lovely
horse and trap, and

a good black suit and
a shirt with starch.

There is good, my little one. Now,
a glass of buttermilk for you...

with all your knowledge.

Yes, Mother. And some of Bron's shortcake.

And my shortcake is to be
fed to the pigs, is it?

No. Only I finished yours yesterday,
and today is shortcake day with Bron.

I'm sorry, Huw. Only currant
bread I made today.

Nobody to eat it now.

Mother. I am lonely without him.

I put his boots and clothes
ready every night...

but they are there still in the morning.

There is lonely I am.

Gwil, I will have Bron here
to live if she will come.

Not Bron.

One mistress in the house.

Now, Huw, what will it be?

I will go down the colliery with you, sir.

Have sense, boy. The colliery
is no place for you.

Why not try for a respectable job?

Respectable? Are you and his brothers
a lot of old jailbirds, then?

Leave it now, Beth. I only
want the best for the boy.

If he is as good a man as you and
his brothers, I will rest happy.

I am thinking of the boy's future.
It was different in our day.

There was good money and fair play for all.
But Huw is a scholar.

Why take brains down a coal mine?

I would rather, sir.

All right.

Decide for yourself.

But blame yourself if you are wrong.

The colliery, sir.

● All right, the colliery it is.
● Good.

● Where are you going?
● To get drunk.

Bron?

● I am going down the colliery.
● The colliery, is it?

The old coal will be shaking in its seam.

Bron -

Bron...

would you have me to live in
this house, and have my wages?

● Your home is with your mother.
● It was she who sent me.

● From pity.
● No, from sense.

If you put clothes night and
morning, let them be my clothes.

● Good old man.
● Yes or no, Bron?

● Yes.
● Good.

Good. I will get my bed.

● So it is a man now, is it?
● And could I carry such a man?

Ianto! No.

Five shillings.

Seven and tuppence.

● Move along.
● Thank you, sir.

Three shillings.

Two and nine.

One pound two.

Two pounds ten.

Discharged, Morgan.

Move along.

Two pound ten.

Discharged, Morgan.

One pound ten.

And so it came to lanto and Davy,
the best workers in the colliery...

but too highly paid to compete
with poorer, more desperate men.

● Will you read us a chapter, Father?
● Yes, my son.

"The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.

"He maketh me to lie down
in green pastures...

"he leadeth me beside the still waters.

"He restoreth my soul...

"he leadeth me in the paths of
righteousness for his name's sake.

"Yea, though I walk through the
valley of the shadow of death...

"I will fear no evil:
for thou art with me...

"thy rod and thy staff they comfort me.

"Thou preparest a table before me
in the presence of mine enemies...

"thou anointest my head with oil...

"my cup runneth over."

One line to Owen and Gwil,
down to Cape Town to Angharad.

Over here to Canada to lanto...

and down here to Davy in New Zealand.

And you are the star, shining
on them from this house...

all the way across the
continents and oceans.

All the way?

How far am I shining then, if you can
put it all on a little piece of paper?

Now, a map it is, my old beauty. A picture
of the world to show you where they are.

I know where they are,
without any old maps,

or scratches, or
spiders, or pencils.

They are in the house.

Then Angharad came back from
Cape Town without her husband.

She did not come to us, but
stayed at the big Evans house.

Her house, on top of the hill.

● To see Mrs. Evans, please.
● Who is it?

Huw Morgan.

Her brother, is it?

Come in.

Huw.

Mrs. Nicholas, will you
bring some tea, please?

Sit down, Huw.

There is grown you are.

● And changed.
● You too.

I look ill and ought to
take care of myself.

Everyone coming in the house says so, so
you say it too, and let us finish with it.

But tell me all the news.

How is -

how are all the boys and
girls we used to know?

Well -

the Jenkins girls are married.

Maldwyn Hughes has gone to be a doctor.

Rhys Howell is in a solicitor's office,
and is sending home ten shillings a week.

And Mr. Gruffydd...

is still first up and last to bed.

How is he, Huw?

Not as he was.

Is he ill?

Inside.

In his eyes and in his voice.

Like you.

Please go home, Huw.

● I'm sorry.
● Now then, Mrs. Evans. Tea, is it?

Leave it, Mrs. Nicholas. I will pour.

Well.

I always did the pouring for Mr.
Iestyn's poor mother.

● I will pour.
● Yes, Mrs. Evans.

A new mistress is like new sheets.

Yes. A little bit stiff...

but washing's to come.

Why do you have her here?

37 years with the family.

Or so she tells me 60 times a day.

● Have some tea, Huw.
● You don't want me to go?

No. No, Huw.

I'm sorry for being nasty.

Please stay.

Huw. I tried to tell Mother, but -

Not for me to say.

Only the housekeeper I am.

37 years in the family...

and living to curse the day.

It will not surprise me any day to see
the old master rise from his grave.

'Tis only the gravestone holding
him down, I will swear.

Then what is it, Mrs. Nicholas?

Divorce.

Divorce.

Saying nothing, I am. But
that is what is in her mind.

She is here without her husband, is it?

And why? It is because she is
in love with this preacher.

Preacher, I said. Mr. Gruffydd, it is.

But Mr. Gruffydd has not
been near the house.

What difference is that, girl?

Get on with your work.

We will not say a word, Mrs. Nicholas.

No.

You're a filthy liar!

● Let up!
● Let me at him!

Liar!

As the slag had spread over my valley...

so now a blackness spread
over the minds of its people.

For the first time in my memory, our front
door was shut tight in the daytime.

Dadda?

Well, Huw?

Trouble with the Philistines, is it?

Huw, what is it now? Look at your hands.

Evan John.

He, he said things about
Angharad and Mr. Gruffydd.

Children too.

You were right, my son.

● I will be back for breakfast.
● You will not go to chapel?

No.

And if they do this thing...

I will never set foot in the
chapel again as long as I live.

I will have the sheets warm on your bed.

● There is an old beauty you are.
● Go and scratch, boy.

What is this about the chapel, Mother?

Tonight, after the service.

A deacons' meeting over Angharad.

Angharad? But she has done nothing.

Nothing is enough for people
who have minds like cesspools.

Huw, my little one.

I hope when you're grown, their
tongues will be slower to hurt.

● Will Angharad have to be at the meeting?
● No. None of us will be there.

But the disgrace will not stay away.

I will go, Mother.

This is the last time I
will talk in this chapel.

I am leaving the valley with regret...

toward those who have helped me here...

and who have let me help them.

But...

for the rest of you...

those of you who have only proved that
I have wasted my time among you...

I have only this to say.

There is not one among you
who has had the courage...

to come to me and accuse me of wrongdoing.

And yet, by any standard,
if there has been a sin...

I am the one who should
be branded the sinner.

Will anyone raise his voice
here now to accuse me?

No.

You're cowards, too, as well as hypocrites.

But I don't blame you.

The fault is mine as much as yours.

The idle tongues...

the poverty of mind which you have shown...

mean that I have failed to reach most of
you with the lesson I was given to teach.

Huw -

I thought when I was a young man that I
would conquer the world, with truth.

I thought I would lead an army greater
than Alexander ever dreamed of.

Not to conquer nations,
but to liberate mankind.

● Yes, sir.
● With truth.

With the golden sound of the Word.

But only a few of them heard.

Only a few of you understood.

The rest of you put on
black and sat in chapel.

Why do you come here?

Why do you dress your hypocrisy in black
and parade before your God on Sunday?

From love? No. For you've shown that
your hearts are too withered...

to receive the love of your divine Father.

I know why you've come.

I've seen it in your faces Sunday after
Sunday as I've stood here before you.

Fear has brought you here.
Horrible, superstitious fear.

Fear of divine retribution.

A bolt of fire from the skies...

the vengeance of the Lord,
and the justice of God.

But you have forgotten the love of Jesus.

You disregard his sacrifice.

Death. Fear.

Flames, horror, and black clothes.
Hold your meeting, then.

But know if you do this in the name
of God, and in the house of God...

you blaspheme against him and his Word.

Wait. There is a meeting, Master Morgan.

Well, Huw.

● I'm glad you've come.
● Thank you, sir.

Is there anything I can do?

Indeed there is.

You can do me a great service.

This watch.

My father gave it to me when
I entered the ministry.

It's marked time we've both loved.

● Take it.
● No, sir.

A service, I said you'd be doing me.

No need for us to shake hands.

We will live in the minds of each other.

Mr. Gruffydd, won't you see
Angharad before you go?

She wants you to.

No.

If I were to see her again...

I couldn't find the strength to leave her.

Goodbye, Huw.

And there's a good old man you are.

What is it now? Fire, or flood, or what?

A cave-in, they are saying.

● Take me up there.
● What good in the darkness of a mine?

Your eyes are no good in daylight from
the blows you've taken in the ring.

I can still swing a pick deeper
than any man. Take me up there.

Men. Men. Women. Those
of you with relatives.

Let them to the pit.

● Gwilym Morgan?
● Not yet, sir.

Mr. Gruffydd. On the lower level, he was.

● My father?
● Not yet, Mrs. Evans.

Angharad.

Who is for Gwilym Morgan and the others?

I for one. He is the blood of my heart.

Come, Cyfartha.

'Tis a coward I am.

But I will hold your coat.

Goodbye

Dadda!

Dadda!

Dadda!

Huw, lad.

Dadda!

● Dadda!
● Huw.

Mr. Gruffydd!

There's a good old man you are.

He came to me just now.

Ivor was with him.

He spoke to me...

and told me of the glory he had seen.

Look.

Men like my father cannot die.

They are with me still, real in
memory as they were in flesh...

loving and beloved forever.

How green was my valley then.