Don't Think I've Forgotten: Cambodia's Lost Rock and Roll (2014) - full transcript
Through the eyes, words, and songs of its popular music stars of the 50s, 60s, and 70s, 'Don't Think I've Forgotten: Cambodia's Lost Rock & Roll' examines and unravels Cambodia's tragic past, culminating in the genocidal Khmer Rouge's dismantling of the society and murder of two million of its citizens. Combining interviews of the surviving Cambodian musicians themselves (a total of 150 hours of interviews were filmed) with never-before-seen archival material and rare songs, this documentary tracks the twists and turns of Cambodian music as it morphs into rock and roll, blossoms, and is nearly destroyed along with the rest of the country.
When we were young, we loved being modern.
At the Central Market,
there were many sophisticated people
dressed beautifully.
Then Pol Pot took over Phnom Penh in 1975.
I was a singer.
Everyone was forced to leave the city.
The singers and musicians were separated.
After Pol Pot, we returned to Phnom Penh.
Those who didn't return were considered dead.
(Don't Think I've Forgotten)
(Cambodia's Lost Rock & Roll.)
I grew up in the 1950's
when Cambodia was prosperous
in culture, art and music in particular.
I stress that because
our royal government in the 50's
had a policy to encourage music.
I belong to a family that loves the arts.
My father was a musician.
He was a saxophonist and flutist
My mother is the director of the ballet.
Since I was a child,
my father encouraged me to play music.
The forests, the ancient temples
that I love
I will never forget them
Oh, enchanted forest
where my heart is
There is no other forest like you.
When I was young, I admired our King a lot.
He sang a lot of songs that touched me,
that stayed with me.
I wanted to be a singer like him one day.
One priority of our government
was culture and arts.
His Majesty Norodom Sihanouk ordered
all the ministries to form orchestras.
It was very popular.
I sing of hopelessness
I hear thunder but there's no rain
The earth is dry and barren
My heart is broken
There is no hope
of your return.
Our orchestra escorted the King all over Cambodia
to work with the people.
His Royal Majesty was the father of the nation
and the arts.
To me he is a unique man.
His focus wasn't just on music.
Norodom Sihanouk and the Cambodian people
fought for independence in 1953.
The French left Cambodia peacefully.
So things went very well between France and us.
The former Protector and Protectorate.
My brother, His Majesty,
Norodom Sihanouk,
had a vision.
After independence,
we developed under Norodom Sihanouk's leadership.
He modernized the country.
He developed every industry,
from film production to agriculture, everything.
Phnom Penh
The sacred city
A place where people come together
With modern buildings and roads
A beautiful Royal Palace
Filled with arts and culture
A flawless city
Cambodia changed greatly.
The people's will pushed the country
towards modernization and development.
The taste of modernity was new
and it was just the beginning.
The sound of rain mesmerizes
Soothing us both
Whispering to us, telling us
that this love is our destiny.
He was a pioneer.
He was an example to other professional singers,
that singing modern is like this.
Unlike a boat that floats away with the tide
You're my true love
You keep me so happy.
Sinn Sisamouth was born in 1935.
He was easy-going.
We always went around together.
In those days he was a medical practitioner.
My younger brother came to Phnom Penh
to study medicine.
At that time he was 17-years-old.
People in our village were surprised
that he could sing.
A medical student, how can he sing?
When you turned on the radio
you'd always hear him.
It was one song after another
and there were always new songs.
There weren't radios in every home like today.
Cyclo drivers use to gather
outside the radio station.
They broadcast through a speaker
so that everyone could hear the music.
After work, they rested outside the station
and listened to the songs of Sinn Sisamouth.
My father became so popular that Her Majesty,
Prince Norodom Sihanouk's mother
invited him to work in the palace
for the Royal Ballet.
He learned traditional singing
which influenced his music.
He wanted to embody all different styles of music.
When it came to singing technique,
Sinn Sisamouth was king.
His voice was so beautiful
and he wrote very sweet songs.
A flower blooming so beautifully
will never wilt
with me by your side
waiting to care for you
If your tears were to fall,
I will comfort you
and kiss your tears, kiss your tears dry.
I won't let them fall to waste.
We could visualize what he sang.
We could see coconut trees and the sun shimmering
on the water like diamonds.
It was the Cold War.
On one side, you had the Soviet Union and China,
the Eastern Bloc.
On the other side, you had the United States.
Prince Sihanouk wanted to stay neutral
between the two blocs during the Cold War.
A friend came home for vacation
while studying in France.
He had a new record with him.
And he said,
"If you want to listen, I'll give it to you."
And of course I was very happy.
I had goosebumps
and I learned how to sing it straight away.
Anything that was modern or French
I would take immediately.
Back then, my house was near Central Market.
There was a record store nearby named Panabou.
It was the first store
with vinyl records in Cambodia.
I started buying records then.
First I bought French songs.
French music came to Cambodia in different waves.
My mother sang Tino Rossi,
Charles Trenet
and Edith Piaf, of course.
And then there was the 60's:
Sylvie Vartan,
Johnny Hallyday.
Johnny's rock & roll was popular.
Souvenir, Souvenir.
The song is still stuck in my head.
Cambodia was greatly influenced
by Afro-Cuban music.
Cambodians, especially musicians,
were interested in cha-cha-cha.
Most of the records came from Cuba,
France and South America.
I was poor
and didn't have a record player
to listen to foreign songs.
I listened to other people's radios.
Sinn Sisamouth's songs were good enough for me.
Back then, you had singer like Sinn Sisamouth,
who played for adults.
And then you had the youth,
what was called the teenagers.
In the late 50's, guitar bands started.
Before anyone else, there was Baksei Cham Krung.
A great band.
That was our band.
We were like The Shadows and Cliff Richard.
CLIFF RICHARD.
How The Shadows played, how they turned.
It created such an echo inside us.
The Baksei Cham Krong audience
were the young ones,
the young boys and girls.
The first time we played at Sisowath High School,
we attracted many kids.
It's been so long I've waited for you, moon
You were still young
not a full moon yet
Now darling, you are a full moon.
On the full moon
we would turn out all the lights and play.
We heard the footsteps of the dancers,
it was wonderful.
In 1965,
I quit Baksei Cham Krong
to play in the music halls.
I formed the Bayon Band with my brothers.
If there was a wedding, a party or a ball,
Bayon Band was always there.
When something new
was on the radio, television or records
we learned to play it straight away.
We introduced all kinds of modern music here.
There was an A Go-Go period.
Sinn Sisamouth wanted to sing on A Go-Go song.
He asked my brother to write songs for him.
There was a new trend
so he needed to play with young musicians.
Sinn Sisamouth always wanted
to adapt to modern times.
The musicians and singers were all so close.
Wherever you would go
you would see the same people
at the same restaurants, the same places.
At 2 a.m. we were still in the clubs,
and after that we'd have rice porridge.
It was the tradition,
we would all go eat at the market.
Phnom Penh was called
The Pear of South East Asia.
It was the hub of
where bands from the countryside met.
It was safe,
there was no war.
Next door,
in Vietnam, there was a war.
We'd been at war with our neighbors
throughout our history.
We didn't want a war in Cambodia,
so we strived to be neutral.
Our neutrality is not ideological,
it's conceived
according to our geographic situation
and keeping the balance
between the antagonistic forces in this region.
The first studio was the National Radio.
All the bands and orchestras
were invited to do recordings there.
The singers were very serious, very proper.
After all, it was the National Radio.
Hello dear listeners.
For the next 30 minutes
you'll be hearing music from the National Radio.
Love brings great joy but also great sadness.
Love is the essence of life.
A mother cries, a mother screams
A mother calls, promising her love
She waits, and waits
She'll always wait for her child's father.
Huoy Meas was so beautiful when we were young.
Her voice veered toward melancholy songs.
She influenced her time
and touched a lot of people.
Please stop asking about your father
He's a womanizer and an embarrassment
This is our karma from our past lives
It's just something you'll have to accept.
Cambodian songs are often sad.
They are about break-ups, deception, despair.
There's a lot of drama and tragedy in our songs.
Cambodian songs have their own style,
manner and rhyme.
Insinuation was used in the songs before
the main point, such as love, was made.
Many points were made subtly.
The waterfall hits the rocks
It sounds like music blessing us both
Look,
nature is surrounding us
Trees are starting to fruit, some are blossoming
It's so astonishing
I love, love only you
Like a bird, a bird loves its nest
You're the one who brings me peace,
forgetting my worries
The water flows to the ocean
like the pure love of our hearts
flows together.
In South Vietnam, the U.S. is engaged in a war.
For many years now,
Cambodia is in the situation
of a house miraculously spared
in the middle of a village on fire.
My feelings about this war are not optimistic.
When two big elephants fight, who suffers?
It's the grass that takes the hit.
This song will hypnotize
The melody
so heavenly.
When she went to the fields to plant rice,
she always sang.
In Battambang she was called Little Rey (cicada).
Singing, performing, the sounds summon your soul
Gives you hope that when you look,
you'll see heaven
Beautiful pools, temples in Rachana style
Women, flowers all are fragrant
A song to hypnotize your heart.
My sister, Ros Serey Sothea was born in 1948.
She had a gift for singing since she was small.
Once she could speak, she could sing.
Our father abandoned our mother.
He didn't provide for us
so our mother let her be a professional singer.
People praised her singing.
She was so happy.
She would never have to plant rice again.
When my younger sister left
for Phnom Penh to sing,
she was 17.
She went with a traditional music group.
People heard her voice and offered her a job
at the National Radio
in the sound recording department.
She met Sinn Sisamouth
when he came to record there.
Sinn Sisamouth's personality was similar to hers.
He had a very gentle laugh.
My sister Ros Serey Sothea
started singing in bars.
She sang in the Mekong Night Club.
I was in Battambang then.
My sister sent us money
to grow and sell rice.
From 1964 to 1965
she started dating the singer Sos Math.
My sister was very young then.
They were married in Battambang.
Come dance with me
beautiful girl dance the saravan.
He took her everywhere in his Volkswagen.
One night she sang at the club Lotus D'Or.
She sang a song called
What Are You Angry About?
I'm angry you've forgotten your promise
My darling, oh my love
My darling, oh my love
We can't stop arguing, talking into the air
All night till morning, I miss you
and I dream of the love of my life
Stop being angry with me, darling
Stop being angry with me, darling
A drunk in the crowd yelled in response,
I am not angry with you, my dear!
When Sos Mah heard this he became very angry.
At the set break they had a big fight.
He hit my sister and split her lip.
I took my sister home to Battambang.
She was beaten so she got a divorce.
She moved back home.
Sinn Sisamouth follower her
to my house in Battambang.
He guaranteed her safety
so she would sing again
and record with him.
He called her his little sister.
Ever since then,
Ros Serey Sothea was loyal to Sinn Sisamouth.
Every time I see you you're more beautiful
Your sweet works make me forget the world
If your love was far away, like a distant star
I would perish.
Excellency, recently 14 Communists
were sentenced to death here.
Why?
We have a strict law
against subversive activities,
against treasonous activities.
We have to keep our country's peace, at any price.
America's 7th Fleet was in the South China Sea.
They would transmit beautiful English songs.
I'd play along on my guitar.
We learned to sing American songs.
The U. S. soldiers in Vietnam brought over music.
It was a big influence on us.
We sang foreign songs, but with Khmer words.
We made it Khmer.
We'd play electric guitars in the countryside.
People danced barefoot. Right in the dirt.
Barefoot.
Little by little, we adopted all kinds of music.
In music and songs
there are no borders.
I believe the Cambodian nation
will never disappear
if we don't fight each other.
It's over for Sihanouk here.
It's a page that has turned.
We must face
Vietnamese aggression in Cambodia.
It's a very clear problem.
Supposedly, they deposed me
because...
because I allowed foreigners in Cambodia.
It's a comedy that's unacceptable.
You traitor
You have betrayed me
You pretend not to know me
But I still remember your promise
Not to betray me
And now my heart is broken
You traitor
We teased each other.
Your pants are so long they're sweeping the dirt.
What a great time. The girls wore sexy clothes.
Older people were unhappy with me.
Get a haircut. You look like a zombie.
American culture was everywhere in Phnom Penh.
Hippies were from San Francisco.
Hippies wore beads,
carried guitars and sang on the streets.
We were like hippies, having fun.
The Drakkar Band was our name.
We played songs by the Beatles
and the Rolling Stones.
We learned from them.
I promise I'll never do you wrong again.
They said I was a fierce guitar player.
When he played,
our drummer Ouk Sam Art ripped off his shirt.
When you go to hard rock,
it's hard for most Cambodians.
They cannot accept only the young people.
Ros Serey Sothea was number one.
But I loved Pen Ran more.
She danced when she sang. She wasn't shy.
Pen Ran was a big star.
My mind has gone blank
Oh! My body is twitching
My mind has gone blank
Oh! My body is twitching
My face and lips feel like they're on fire
They've become so sensitive
I've got goosebumps
I'm in a daze!
Pen Ran understood
the desire of the kids.
In the 70's there was another change.
I had a nephew named Yol Aularong.
Aularong was a phenomenon.
Cambodian soul.
Cambodian funk.
He wrote comical lyrics about everyday life.
It was original. There was nothing like it then.
I'm in class number one
I'm the best student
I help out with chores like watering the flowers
Navany, that's me
I'm in class number one
I win awards
every single month
I'm on book number 40
Navany, that's me.
He wrote about reality.
Riding on cyclos. Women in maternity dresses.
Go left, go right.
Riding a cyclo
To Central Market
Checking out girls
Wearing maternity blouses
Those maternity blouses.
Thought she was knocked up
But she's not
It's just a popular new style
Everyday I ride on a cyclo
and check out girls.
If this makes me poor,
that's all right.
When we sang, people danced.
They had lots of energy.
They loved the music.
The female singers in our band
were me and Pen Ram.
The male singers
were Thet Sambath and Yol Aularong.
Aularong didn't care about fame.
We were very close.
I told him to take care of himself.
He would say,
"You're a Prince. I'm not."
"But we all die."
"Let's have a drink."
It's true we were enemies.
But they told me I wasn't their real enemy.
They always admired my patriotism.
At this time there was a big change in the music.
There were no more love songs,
only nationalistic songs.
I was working at the National Radio
with other musicians.
They gave us one month to write new music.
We were forbidden to broadcast music
from the 60's.
It was a time of war. People had to be patriotic.
We had to fight the enemy.
My friends.
Don't be afraid to kill.
Chase and slaughter
Pick up a weapon now.
Because I was a musician
I had to join the army to avoid arrest.
We were musicians. Our job was to play music.
Ros Serey Sothea was in a special unit.
Ros Serey Sothea learned how to parachute.
When Sothea jumped
we could see her one white glove.
They interviewed her on the ground,
wearing a helmet.
As the war intensified
the Drakkar Band became separated.
I didn't become a soldier.
I kept my job at the National Radio.
I had my own radio program.
The new government let us record foreign songs.
I played the original, then the Khmer one.
It wasn't a competition.
We showed we can do this, too.
Please close your eyes and clear your mind
And think of me
And then I'll be close to you.
Winter, spring, summer or fall,
all you have to do is call.
And I'll be there. You've got a friend.
They dropped bombs constantly.
For 200 straight days.
Many of my relatives in the countryside died.
Cattle were killed, houses destroyed.
All we knew was that Americans were dropping bombs
and our people were the victims.
The Khmer Rouge incited the poor to take up arms.
To rise up and fight the rich.
The bombings fueled the fire
burning within the people
that was raging against the Lon Nol government.
It couldn't be stopped.
It was dangerous.
A bomb exploded near my house.
My friends and relatives abroad
asked me why I didn't leave.
I thought about it.
I had rings, bracelets, earrings.
I sold them to buy a ticket to France.
People were stuck in the city.
All the bridges were destroyed.
The war surrounded Phnom Penh.
People were stressed out.
They needed a release. They needed some fun.
There was a curfew at night
so nightclubs opened during the day.
They opened at 2 or 3 p.m.
and closed around 6 or 7 p.m.
When we were playing
we heard bombs exploding.
We would stop.
We always played in fear.
It bothered us because
we only played for the military.
People stopped coming because they were afraid.
It wasn't good for us at all.
YOU'VE GOT A FRIEND
We welcomed the Khmer Rouge trucks
entering the city.
Everyone cheered. No one understood the situation.
We thought the Khmer Rouge
had liberated us from war.
I saw people dressed in black
entering the radio station.
They took over the National Radio.
They said they had to reorganize the city,
that the Americans might bomb.
They said, "If you leave now,
you'll return soon."
I was a musician with long hair.
I cut it because I had was scared.
I cut it once.
Then I heard they were killing people
with long hair.
So I cut it again.
We left.
We left forever.
When I traveled out,
I walked by many corpses.
I crossed the bridge to Kdey Takoy.
A friend told me
that Sinn Sisamouth
was evacuated to Champa Pagoda.
I went there with my husband and children.
My brother-in-law Has Salon came with us.
Sinn Sisamouth also came with us.
I've heard that the Khmer Rouge officials
asked my father to return to Phnom Penh
to write songs.
They said they wanted musicians to compose music.
My sister wouldn't let her husband go.
I wouldn't let my husband go either.
Sinn Sisamouth went back to Phnom Penh.
I traveled from the city to Battambang.
My living conditions were terrible, so terrible.
I had absolutely nothing.
We bathed in the same water as the cattle.
We washed in craters made by B-52 bombs.
We lived like simple farmers.
Like slaves.
People recognized me as a singer.
They told me, "Don't say anything."
I covered my head with my scarf.
I wondered if I would survive.
As for me, I was fortunate.
The reason I survived was because
I knew how to play music.
At their meetings there was a traditional band,
with the khem, tro and takhe.
I memorized the music
so I could play with them.
I had to play for them every day.
I was an artist but I was just a child.
We were like a blank piece of paper.
When they tell you to sing, you just sing.
We were children.
We didn't understand what was happening.
The Khmer Rouge used art to serve their politics.
When we hear it, we knew it wasn't art.
The day is hot and dry
Smoke is coming from the earth
but we can take it
We are resilient
We serve Angkar until results are produced.
The bright red blood
Spilled in towns and fields of Kampuchea
Our Motherland
The blood of our good workers and farmers
Of our revolutionary soldiers
Of both men and women
We will make our Motherland
The most prosperous, magnificent, wonderful!
This revolution
intended to abolish everything foreign.
Foreign music especially.
It was forbidden.
If they knew you had old records or cassettes,
they made you destroy them. Burn them.
You could be killed for singing the wrong songs.
So we sang secretly.
We sang alone or in safe places
with people we trusted.
Hey there, my love
Don't be upset with me
Don't look sad like a cloudy sky
I am a flower, you are a bee
If you see my crying, please console me
Meas Samon sang in the old army band.
We were from the same generation.
He was a good friend of mine.
He sang really funny songs.
My frog is scared there isn't a pond for him
He's become very skinny
My frog is scared there isn't a pond for him
He's become very skinny
If he slips into your pond
He will be reborn.
Meas Samon was assigned to work on a dam.
During a break, Meas Samon
was playing around on a chapey just for fun.
Stop. Stop.
They told him to stop playing
because he was distracting the workers.
The next day he played again.
They took him away.
He disappeared forever.
If you were a singer related to the old society
they automatically hated you.
They didn't need orders to kill you.
They asked what I did in Phnom Penh.
I told them I was a banana seller.
I lied to them.
That saved my life.
If you want to eliminate values
from past societies
you have to eliminate the artists.
Because artists are influential.
Artists are close to the people.
The Khmer Rouge killed all types of people.
They killed city people, artists, businessmen.
It was just a matter of time
before we were all killed.
The radio said that
Heng Samrin's troops were coming.
When we heard that, we had hopes of surviving.
And being free again.
I was one of the first to return to Phnom Penh.
They were looking for artists
and recognized me as Sieng Vanthy.
I sang on the radio for everyone.
People were scared to come back to Phnom Penh.
When the surviving artists heard my voice
they felt safe to return.
Those who didn't return were considered dead.
I pitied myself, my home, my family.
Nothing seemed crueler on this earth
than Cambodians killing Cambodians.
I heard the song "Oh, Phnom Penh" and I cried.
Oh, Phnom Penh
For three years
I never stopped missing you
We were separated
and my heart was broken
Because the enemy tore you away from me
When I was forced to leave you
Anger burned in my heart
Compelling me to avenge your suffering
To prove my faithfulness to you
Phnom Penh, our spiritual, beloved city
Despite three years of hardship you survived
The Cambodian soul lives on
Oh Phnom Penh
I meet you again
Your suffering is over
You are our nation's heart and soul
Oh, Phnom Penh.
After Pol Pot, everything was gone.
After liberation in 1979,
I realized very few artists had survived.
I heard that Sinn Sisamouth was killed here
and Pen Ran was killed there.
But nothing was certain.
Yol Aularong left the city with his mother.
I heard he died, too.
He never would have tolerated being dictated to.
He was too independent.
A free spirit.
The Khmer Rouge would have spotted him instantly.
My brother-in-law heard my sister
was killed in 1977.
But other people told me
they saw her die
at Calmette Hospital in 1979.
I don't know. It's not clear at all.
I know another singer,
Huoy Meas was killed.
She was sent to Battambang but didn't make it.
She was killed on her way there,
in Maung Chrey village.
About 30 people told me that
during the Khmer Rouge
they worked, slept and ate with my father.
But each one said he died in a different place.
It's not possible.
You can't die in 30 different places.
I don't know if I want to go back to Cambodia.
I don't care if other people live in my house now.
But not seeing my siblings, that's really hard.
People think it's fine
to accuse Sihanouk of being with the Khmer Rouge.
But they haven't suffered in their blood.
They haven't suffered in their life
because they haven't lost a parent
or a child or a grandchild
to the Khmer Rouge.
I've lost three daughters, two sons,
two son-in-laws
and 14 grandchildren.
Many of my brothers and sisters
died under the Pol Pot regime
like so many other people.
I had 12 brothers and sisters.
Now I only have seven.
During Pol Pot my wife and children died.
Only I survived, only me.
My father was killed by the Khmer Rouge.
They tied him up and drowned him in the river.
My family had five members.
I lost four of them, only I survived.
Ros Serey Sothea's children died on the road
because they had no food.
They died one by one.
I left my children with my mother-in-law.
I didn't take them with me.
I hadn't gotten far
when I heard my children were dead.
How could they commit such slaughter?
Pardon me.
I wasn't there but I'm still haunted.
I can't imagine how much they suffered.
I don't know how my family died
but I cried with them.
I am the daughter of Phnom Penh
Everything's modern there's nothing we don't have
Money, cars and houses we've already got
We're very lucky to be born as Khmer
My heart, my love, will never change
I will love Khmer until the day I perish
Oh! To all my ancestors from the past
I'm paying my respects and sacrificing
All of us are studying hard for Khmer.
I'm happy about our progress but also concerned.
As we move forward we shouldn't forget our past.
We shouldn't forget our heritage.
When I hear my sister's voice,
I feel sad about what happened to her.
I miss you
Every single day, I miss you
Is it possible to have you next to me?
A wave of emotion
A poet's love
Until I die,
I'll always wait for you.
I'm happy that her voice is still here
even though she's gone.
Don't think I've forgotten
I'll always remember you
All the things you said to me
Even after many years I'll still remember
I promise in my heart
I truly love you darling
There is only you
I'm faithful, I'm faithful
I can't forget
At the Central Market,
there were many sophisticated people
dressed beautifully.
Then Pol Pot took over Phnom Penh in 1975.
I was a singer.
Everyone was forced to leave the city.
The singers and musicians were separated.
After Pol Pot, we returned to Phnom Penh.
Those who didn't return were considered dead.
(Don't Think I've Forgotten)
(Cambodia's Lost Rock & Roll.)
I grew up in the 1950's
when Cambodia was prosperous
in culture, art and music in particular.
I stress that because
our royal government in the 50's
had a policy to encourage music.
I belong to a family that loves the arts.
My father was a musician.
He was a saxophonist and flutist
My mother is the director of the ballet.
Since I was a child,
my father encouraged me to play music.
The forests, the ancient temples
that I love
I will never forget them
Oh, enchanted forest
where my heart is
There is no other forest like you.
When I was young, I admired our King a lot.
He sang a lot of songs that touched me,
that stayed with me.
I wanted to be a singer like him one day.
One priority of our government
was culture and arts.
His Majesty Norodom Sihanouk ordered
all the ministries to form orchestras.
It was very popular.
I sing of hopelessness
I hear thunder but there's no rain
The earth is dry and barren
My heart is broken
There is no hope
of your return.
Our orchestra escorted the King all over Cambodia
to work with the people.
His Royal Majesty was the father of the nation
and the arts.
To me he is a unique man.
His focus wasn't just on music.
Norodom Sihanouk and the Cambodian people
fought for independence in 1953.
The French left Cambodia peacefully.
So things went very well between France and us.
The former Protector and Protectorate.
My brother, His Majesty,
Norodom Sihanouk,
had a vision.
After independence,
we developed under Norodom Sihanouk's leadership.
He modernized the country.
He developed every industry,
from film production to agriculture, everything.
Phnom Penh
The sacred city
A place where people come together
With modern buildings and roads
A beautiful Royal Palace
Filled with arts and culture
A flawless city
Cambodia changed greatly.
The people's will pushed the country
towards modernization and development.
The taste of modernity was new
and it was just the beginning.
The sound of rain mesmerizes
Soothing us both
Whispering to us, telling us
that this love is our destiny.
He was a pioneer.
He was an example to other professional singers,
that singing modern is like this.
Unlike a boat that floats away with the tide
You're my true love
You keep me so happy.
Sinn Sisamouth was born in 1935.
He was easy-going.
We always went around together.
In those days he was a medical practitioner.
My younger brother came to Phnom Penh
to study medicine.
At that time he was 17-years-old.
People in our village were surprised
that he could sing.
A medical student, how can he sing?
When you turned on the radio
you'd always hear him.
It was one song after another
and there were always new songs.
There weren't radios in every home like today.
Cyclo drivers use to gather
outside the radio station.
They broadcast through a speaker
so that everyone could hear the music.
After work, they rested outside the station
and listened to the songs of Sinn Sisamouth.
My father became so popular that Her Majesty,
Prince Norodom Sihanouk's mother
invited him to work in the palace
for the Royal Ballet.
He learned traditional singing
which influenced his music.
He wanted to embody all different styles of music.
When it came to singing technique,
Sinn Sisamouth was king.
His voice was so beautiful
and he wrote very sweet songs.
A flower blooming so beautifully
will never wilt
with me by your side
waiting to care for you
If your tears were to fall,
I will comfort you
and kiss your tears, kiss your tears dry.
I won't let them fall to waste.
We could visualize what he sang.
We could see coconut trees and the sun shimmering
on the water like diamonds.
It was the Cold War.
On one side, you had the Soviet Union and China,
the Eastern Bloc.
On the other side, you had the United States.
Prince Sihanouk wanted to stay neutral
between the two blocs during the Cold War.
A friend came home for vacation
while studying in France.
He had a new record with him.
And he said,
"If you want to listen, I'll give it to you."
And of course I was very happy.
I had goosebumps
and I learned how to sing it straight away.
Anything that was modern or French
I would take immediately.
Back then, my house was near Central Market.
There was a record store nearby named Panabou.
It was the first store
with vinyl records in Cambodia.
I started buying records then.
First I bought French songs.
French music came to Cambodia in different waves.
My mother sang Tino Rossi,
Charles Trenet
and Edith Piaf, of course.
And then there was the 60's:
Sylvie Vartan,
Johnny Hallyday.
Johnny's rock & roll was popular.
Souvenir, Souvenir.
The song is still stuck in my head.
Cambodia was greatly influenced
by Afro-Cuban music.
Cambodians, especially musicians,
were interested in cha-cha-cha.
Most of the records came from Cuba,
France and South America.
I was poor
and didn't have a record player
to listen to foreign songs.
I listened to other people's radios.
Sinn Sisamouth's songs were good enough for me.
Back then, you had singer like Sinn Sisamouth,
who played for adults.
And then you had the youth,
what was called the teenagers.
In the late 50's, guitar bands started.
Before anyone else, there was Baksei Cham Krung.
A great band.
That was our band.
We were like The Shadows and Cliff Richard.
CLIFF RICHARD.
How The Shadows played, how they turned.
It created such an echo inside us.
The Baksei Cham Krong audience
were the young ones,
the young boys and girls.
The first time we played at Sisowath High School,
we attracted many kids.
It's been so long I've waited for you, moon
You were still young
not a full moon yet
Now darling, you are a full moon.
On the full moon
we would turn out all the lights and play.
We heard the footsteps of the dancers,
it was wonderful.
In 1965,
I quit Baksei Cham Krong
to play in the music halls.
I formed the Bayon Band with my brothers.
If there was a wedding, a party or a ball,
Bayon Band was always there.
When something new
was on the radio, television or records
we learned to play it straight away.
We introduced all kinds of modern music here.
There was an A Go-Go period.
Sinn Sisamouth wanted to sing on A Go-Go song.
He asked my brother to write songs for him.
There was a new trend
so he needed to play with young musicians.
Sinn Sisamouth always wanted
to adapt to modern times.
The musicians and singers were all so close.
Wherever you would go
you would see the same people
at the same restaurants, the same places.
At 2 a.m. we were still in the clubs,
and after that we'd have rice porridge.
It was the tradition,
we would all go eat at the market.
Phnom Penh was called
The Pear of South East Asia.
It was the hub of
where bands from the countryside met.
It was safe,
there was no war.
Next door,
in Vietnam, there was a war.
We'd been at war with our neighbors
throughout our history.
We didn't want a war in Cambodia,
so we strived to be neutral.
Our neutrality is not ideological,
it's conceived
according to our geographic situation
and keeping the balance
between the antagonistic forces in this region.
The first studio was the National Radio.
All the bands and orchestras
were invited to do recordings there.
The singers were very serious, very proper.
After all, it was the National Radio.
Hello dear listeners.
For the next 30 minutes
you'll be hearing music from the National Radio.
Love brings great joy but also great sadness.
Love is the essence of life.
A mother cries, a mother screams
A mother calls, promising her love
She waits, and waits
She'll always wait for her child's father.
Huoy Meas was so beautiful when we were young.
Her voice veered toward melancholy songs.
She influenced her time
and touched a lot of people.
Please stop asking about your father
He's a womanizer and an embarrassment
This is our karma from our past lives
It's just something you'll have to accept.
Cambodian songs are often sad.
They are about break-ups, deception, despair.
There's a lot of drama and tragedy in our songs.
Cambodian songs have their own style,
manner and rhyme.
Insinuation was used in the songs before
the main point, such as love, was made.
Many points were made subtly.
The waterfall hits the rocks
It sounds like music blessing us both
Look,
nature is surrounding us
Trees are starting to fruit, some are blossoming
It's so astonishing
I love, love only you
Like a bird, a bird loves its nest
You're the one who brings me peace,
forgetting my worries
The water flows to the ocean
like the pure love of our hearts
flows together.
In South Vietnam, the U.S. is engaged in a war.
For many years now,
Cambodia is in the situation
of a house miraculously spared
in the middle of a village on fire.
My feelings about this war are not optimistic.
When two big elephants fight, who suffers?
It's the grass that takes the hit.
This song will hypnotize
The melody
so heavenly.
When she went to the fields to plant rice,
she always sang.
In Battambang she was called Little Rey (cicada).
Singing, performing, the sounds summon your soul
Gives you hope that when you look,
you'll see heaven
Beautiful pools, temples in Rachana style
Women, flowers all are fragrant
A song to hypnotize your heart.
My sister, Ros Serey Sothea was born in 1948.
She had a gift for singing since she was small.
Once she could speak, she could sing.
Our father abandoned our mother.
He didn't provide for us
so our mother let her be a professional singer.
People praised her singing.
She was so happy.
She would never have to plant rice again.
When my younger sister left
for Phnom Penh to sing,
she was 17.
She went with a traditional music group.
People heard her voice and offered her a job
at the National Radio
in the sound recording department.
She met Sinn Sisamouth
when he came to record there.
Sinn Sisamouth's personality was similar to hers.
He had a very gentle laugh.
My sister Ros Serey Sothea
started singing in bars.
She sang in the Mekong Night Club.
I was in Battambang then.
My sister sent us money
to grow and sell rice.
From 1964 to 1965
she started dating the singer Sos Math.
My sister was very young then.
They were married in Battambang.
Come dance with me
beautiful girl dance the saravan.
He took her everywhere in his Volkswagen.
One night she sang at the club Lotus D'Or.
She sang a song called
What Are You Angry About?
I'm angry you've forgotten your promise
My darling, oh my love
My darling, oh my love
We can't stop arguing, talking into the air
All night till morning, I miss you
and I dream of the love of my life
Stop being angry with me, darling
Stop being angry with me, darling
A drunk in the crowd yelled in response,
I am not angry with you, my dear!
When Sos Mah heard this he became very angry.
At the set break they had a big fight.
He hit my sister and split her lip.
I took my sister home to Battambang.
She was beaten so she got a divorce.
She moved back home.
Sinn Sisamouth follower her
to my house in Battambang.
He guaranteed her safety
so she would sing again
and record with him.
He called her his little sister.
Ever since then,
Ros Serey Sothea was loyal to Sinn Sisamouth.
Every time I see you you're more beautiful
Your sweet works make me forget the world
If your love was far away, like a distant star
I would perish.
Excellency, recently 14 Communists
were sentenced to death here.
Why?
We have a strict law
against subversive activities,
against treasonous activities.
We have to keep our country's peace, at any price.
America's 7th Fleet was in the South China Sea.
They would transmit beautiful English songs.
I'd play along on my guitar.
We learned to sing American songs.
The U. S. soldiers in Vietnam brought over music.
It was a big influence on us.
We sang foreign songs, but with Khmer words.
We made it Khmer.
We'd play electric guitars in the countryside.
People danced barefoot. Right in the dirt.
Barefoot.
Little by little, we adopted all kinds of music.
In music and songs
there are no borders.
I believe the Cambodian nation
will never disappear
if we don't fight each other.
It's over for Sihanouk here.
It's a page that has turned.
We must face
Vietnamese aggression in Cambodia.
It's a very clear problem.
Supposedly, they deposed me
because...
because I allowed foreigners in Cambodia.
It's a comedy that's unacceptable.
You traitor
You have betrayed me
You pretend not to know me
But I still remember your promise
Not to betray me
And now my heart is broken
You traitor
We teased each other.
Your pants are so long they're sweeping the dirt.
What a great time. The girls wore sexy clothes.
Older people were unhappy with me.
Get a haircut. You look like a zombie.
American culture was everywhere in Phnom Penh.
Hippies were from San Francisco.
Hippies wore beads,
carried guitars and sang on the streets.
We were like hippies, having fun.
The Drakkar Band was our name.
We played songs by the Beatles
and the Rolling Stones.
We learned from them.
I promise I'll never do you wrong again.
They said I was a fierce guitar player.
When he played,
our drummer Ouk Sam Art ripped off his shirt.
When you go to hard rock,
it's hard for most Cambodians.
They cannot accept only the young people.
Ros Serey Sothea was number one.
But I loved Pen Ran more.
She danced when she sang. She wasn't shy.
Pen Ran was a big star.
My mind has gone blank
Oh! My body is twitching
My mind has gone blank
Oh! My body is twitching
My face and lips feel like they're on fire
They've become so sensitive
I've got goosebumps
I'm in a daze!
Pen Ran understood
the desire of the kids.
In the 70's there was another change.
I had a nephew named Yol Aularong.
Aularong was a phenomenon.
Cambodian soul.
Cambodian funk.
He wrote comical lyrics about everyday life.
It was original. There was nothing like it then.
I'm in class number one
I'm the best student
I help out with chores like watering the flowers
Navany, that's me
I'm in class number one
I win awards
every single month
I'm on book number 40
Navany, that's me.
He wrote about reality.
Riding on cyclos. Women in maternity dresses.
Go left, go right.
Riding a cyclo
To Central Market
Checking out girls
Wearing maternity blouses
Those maternity blouses.
Thought she was knocked up
But she's not
It's just a popular new style
Everyday I ride on a cyclo
and check out girls.
If this makes me poor,
that's all right.
When we sang, people danced.
They had lots of energy.
They loved the music.
The female singers in our band
were me and Pen Ram.
The male singers
were Thet Sambath and Yol Aularong.
Aularong didn't care about fame.
We were very close.
I told him to take care of himself.
He would say,
"You're a Prince. I'm not."
"But we all die."
"Let's have a drink."
It's true we were enemies.
But they told me I wasn't their real enemy.
They always admired my patriotism.
At this time there was a big change in the music.
There were no more love songs,
only nationalistic songs.
I was working at the National Radio
with other musicians.
They gave us one month to write new music.
We were forbidden to broadcast music
from the 60's.
It was a time of war. People had to be patriotic.
We had to fight the enemy.
My friends.
Don't be afraid to kill.
Chase and slaughter
Pick up a weapon now.
Because I was a musician
I had to join the army to avoid arrest.
We were musicians. Our job was to play music.
Ros Serey Sothea was in a special unit.
Ros Serey Sothea learned how to parachute.
When Sothea jumped
we could see her one white glove.
They interviewed her on the ground,
wearing a helmet.
As the war intensified
the Drakkar Band became separated.
I didn't become a soldier.
I kept my job at the National Radio.
I had my own radio program.
The new government let us record foreign songs.
I played the original, then the Khmer one.
It wasn't a competition.
We showed we can do this, too.
Please close your eyes and clear your mind
And think of me
And then I'll be close to you.
Winter, spring, summer or fall,
all you have to do is call.
And I'll be there. You've got a friend.
They dropped bombs constantly.
For 200 straight days.
Many of my relatives in the countryside died.
Cattle were killed, houses destroyed.
All we knew was that Americans were dropping bombs
and our people were the victims.
The Khmer Rouge incited the poor to take up arms.
To rise up and fight the rich.
The bombings fueled the fire
burning within the people
that was raging against the Lon Nol government.
It couldn't be stopped.
It was dangerous.
A bomb exploded near my house.
My friends and relatives abroad
asked me why I didn't leave.
I thought about it.
I had rings, bracelets, earrings.
I sold them to buy a ticket to France.
People were stuck in the city.
All the bridges were destroyed.
The war surrounded Phnom Penh.
People were stressed out.
They needed a release. They needed some fun.
There was a curfew at night
so nightclubs opened during the day.
They opened at 2 or 3 p.m.
and closed around 6 or 7 p.m.
When we were playing
we heard bombs exploding.
We would stop.
We always played in fear.
It bothered us because
we only played for the military.
People stopped coming because they were afraid.
It wasn't good for us at all.
YOU'VE GOT A FRIEND
We welcomed the Khmer Rouge trucks
entering the city.
Everyone cheered. No one understood the situation.
We thought the Khmer Rouge
had liberated us from war.
I saw people dressed in black
entering the radio station.
They took over the National Radio.
They said they had to reorganize the city,
that the Americans might bomb.
They said, "If you leave now,
you'll return soon."
I was a musician with long hair.
I cut it because I had was scared.
I cut it once.
Then I heard they were killing people
with long hair.
So I cut it again.
We left.
We left forever.
When I traveled out,
I walked by many corpses.
I crossed the bridge to Kdey Takoy.
A friend told me
that Sinn Sisamouth
was evacuated to Champa Pagoda.
I went there with my husband and children.
My brother-in-law Has Salon came with us.
Sinn Sisamouth also came with us.
I've heard that the Khmer Rouge officials
asked my father to return to Phnom Penh
to write songs.
They said they wanted musicians to compose music.
My sister wouldn't let her husband go.
I wouldn't let my husband go either.
Sinn Sisamouth went back to Phnom Penh.
I traveled from the city to Battambang.
My living conditions were terrible, so terrible.
I had absolutely nothing.
We bathed in the same water as the cattle.
We washed in craters made by B-52 bombs.
We lived like simple farmers.
Like slaves.
People recognized me as a singer.
They told me, "Don't say anything."
I covered my head with my scarf.
I wondered if I would survive.
As for me, I was fortunate.
The reason I survived was because
I knew how to play music.
At their meetings there was a traditional band,
with the khem, tro and takhe.
I memorized the music
so I could play with them.
I had to play for them every day.
I was an artist but I was just a child.
We were like a blank piece of paper.
When they tell you to sing, you just sing.
We were children.
We didn't understand what was happening.
The Khmer Rouge used art to serve their politics.
When we hear it, we knew it wasn't art.
The day is hot and dry
Smoke is coming from the earth
but we can take it
We are resilient
We serve Angkar until results are produced.
The bright red blood
Spilled in towns and fields of Kampuchea
Our Motherland
The blood of our good workers and farmers
Of our revolutionary soldiers
Of both men and women
We will make our Motherland
The most prosperous, magnificent, wonderful!
This revolution
intended to abolish everything foreign.
Foreign music especially.
It was forbidden.
If they knew you had old records or cassettes,
they made you destroy them. Burn them.
You could be killed for singing the wrong songs.
So we sang secretly.
We sang alone or in safe places
with people we trusted.
Hey there, my love
Don't be upset with me
Don't look sad like a cloudy sky
I am a flower, you are a bee
If you see my crying, please console me
Meas Samon sang in the old army band.
We were from the same generation.
He was a good friend of mine.
He sang really funny songs.
My frog is scared there isn't a pond for him
He's become very skinny
My frog is scared there isn't a pond for him
He's become very skinny
If he slips into your pond
He will be reborn.
Meas Samon was assigned to work on a dam.
During a break, Meas Samon
was playing around on a chapey just for fun.
Stop. Stop.
They told him to stop playing
because he was distracting the workers.
The next day he played again.
They took him away.
He disappeared forever.
If you were a singer related to the old society
they automatically hated you.
They didn't need orders to kill you.
They asked what I did in Phnom Penh.
I told them I was a banana seller.
I lied to them.
That saved my life.
If you want to eliminate values
from past societies
you have to eliminate the artists.
Because artists are influential.
Artists are close to the people.
The Khmer Rouge killed all types of people.
They killed city people, artists, businessmen.
It was just a matter of time
before we were all killed.
The radio said that
Heng Samrin's troops were coming.
When we heard that, we had hopes of surviving.
And being free again.
I was one of the first to return to Phnom Penh.
They were looking for artists
and recognized me as Sieng Vanthy.
I sang on the radio for everyone.
People were scared to come back to Phnom Penh.
When the surviving artists heard my voice
they felt safe to return.
Those who didn't return were considered dead.
I pitied myself, my home, my family.
Nothing seemed crueler on this earth
than Cambodians killing Cambodians.
I heard the song "Oh, Phnom Penh" and I cried.
Oh, Phnom Penh
For three years
I never stopped missing you
We were separated
and my heart was broken
Because the enemy tore you away from me
When I was forced to leave you
Anger burned in my heart
Compelling me to avenge your suffering
To prove my faithfulness to you
Phnom Penh, our spiritual, beloved city
Despite three years of hardship you survived
The Cambodian soul lives on
Oh Phnom Penh
I meet you again
Your suffering is over
You are our nation's heart and soul
Oh, Phnom Penh.
After Pol Pot, everything was gone.
After liberation in 1979,
I realized very few artists had survived.
I heard that Sinn Sisamouth was killed here
and Pen Ran was killed there.
But nothing was certain.
Yol Aularong left the city with his mother.
I heard he died, too.
He never would have tolerated being dictated to.
He was too independent.
A free spirit.
The Khmer Rouge would have spotted him instantly.
My brother-in-law heard my sister
was killed in 1977.
But other people told me
they saw her die
at Calmette Hospital in 1979.
I don't know. It's not clear at all.
I know another singer,
Huoy Meas was killed.
She was sent to Battambang but didn't make it.
She was killed on her way there,
in Maung Chrey village.
About 30 people told me that
during the Khmer Rouge
they worked, slept and ate with my father.
But each one said he died in a different place.
It's not possible.
You can't die in 30 different places.
I don't know if I want to go back to Cambodia.
I don't care if other people live in my house now.
But not seeing my siblings, that's really hard.
People think it's fine
to accuse Sihanouk of being with the Khmer Rouge.
But they haven't suffered in their blood.
They haven't suffered in their life
because they haven't lost a parent
or a child or a grandchild
to the Khmer Rouge.
I've lost three daughters, two sons,
two son-in-laws
and 14 grandchildren.
Many of my brothers and sisters
died under the Pol Pot regime
like so many other people.
I had 12 brothers and sisters.
Now I only have seven.
During Pol Pot my wife and children died.
Only I survived, only me.
My father was killed by the Khmer Rouge.
They tied him up and drowned him in the river.
My family had five members.
I lost four of them, only I survived.
Ros Serey Sothea's children died on the road
because they had no food.
They died one by one.
I left my children with my mother-in-law.
I didn't take them with me.
I hadn't gotten far
when I heard my children were dead.
How could they commit such slaughter?
Pardon me.
I wasn't there but I'm still haunted.
I can't imagine how much they suffered.
I don't know how my family died
but I cried with them.
I am the daughter of Phnom Penh
Everything's modern there's nothing we don't have
Money, cars and houses we've already got
We're very lucky to be born as Khmer
My heart, my love, will never change
I will love Khmer until the day I perish
Oh! To all my ancestors from the past
I'm paying my respects and sacrificing
All of us are studying hard for Khmer.
I'm happy about our progress but also concerned.
As we move forward we shouldn't forget our past.
We shouldn't forget our heritage.
When I hear my sister's voice,
I feel sad about what happened to her.
I miss you
Every single day, I miss you
Is it possible to have you next to me?
A wave of emotion
A poet's love
Until I die,
I'll always wait for you.
I'm happy that her voice is still here
even though she's gone.
Don't think I've forgotten
I'll always remember you
All the things you said to me
Even after many years I'll still remember
I promise in my heart
I truly love you darling
There is only you
I'm faithful, I'm faithful
I can't forget