Ethel (2012) - full transcript

The grace and peace
of God our Father,

the Lord Jesus Christ,
be with you all.

We remember the birth
of Robert Francis Kennedy

and his rebirth
into the new life

of the kingdom.

I was reading
the beautiful statement

on the monument here.

"What we need
in the United States

is not division...

What we need
in the United States

is not hatred..."



What we need
in the United States

is not violence and lawlessness,

but is love and wisdom

and compassion
toward one another.

My father, Robert F. Kennedy,

died on June 6, 1968,

more than 40 years ago.

I'm Rory,
his last and 11th child.

Because I was born six months
after my father's death,

I never had a chance
to know him.

I was raised by my mother,
Ethel Kennedy.

Forty years is a lot of time.

Memories fade,
and people grow older.

I found myself wanting
to tell my mother's story...



about the life she shared
with Daddy

and the life she shared with us,
her children.

Here we go.

A personal story,

but because her life
was intertwined with history,

more than that.

There was just one problem...

Why should I have to answer
all these questions?

Uh, well, we're making
a documentary about you.

Such a bad idea.

Luckily, I had my brothers
and sisters to talk to,

and there are a lot of them.

My name is Kathleen Hartington
Kennedy Townsend.

Okay, are you
comfortable in that chair?

No. My ass is asleep,
and my back hurts.

If you can look at me

- when we're talking.
- Oh, my God.

- I know. I'm so sorry.
- No, no, no.

- No. Say it ain't so.
- Don't.

- You're doing so great.
- Thank you.

- I need a lot of encouragement.
- Yeah, you're beautiful.

If you could just give me
a standing ovation

every once in a while...

You know, Mommy has said
that she, of course,

that she considered being a nun.

But before
she married Daddy, she...

Of course,
before she married Daddy.

- Mommy had 11 children...
- Wh... She only had ten children.

No, she had 11 children.

Kathleen, Joe, Bobby,
David, Courtney, Michael,

Kerry, Chris, Max, Douglas.

Rory.

Oh. Sorry, I always...
I just always forget.

This is what it's like
to be the 11th.

There are so many times
in my life where people

have said, "I want to introduce
Robert Kennedy's daughter."

Oh, makes me so mad.

What about the one
who delivered us

and carried us for nine months,

and that has been with us
the last 40 years?

Mommy and Daddy met
in the winter of 1945.

Daddy's sister,
Jean Kennedy, and I

were in college together.

Jean and I plotted that we would
bring our families together

on... on a skiing vacation,

and went up to Mont-Tremblant
in Canada.

Grandma Kennedy came,
as did my parents.

We skied in groups.

I mean, there were
always about, I don't know,

at least ten or more of us
skiing together.

And did the Skakels
and the Kennedys get along well?

They did. And eventually...

each of the Skakel boys took out
each of the Kennedy sisters.

Growing up, my mother
and father had childhoods

that were in some ways
remarkably similar,

and in other ways
very different.

Daddy was a Kennedy

and grew up in a wealthy, large
Irish Catholic family.

The Kennedys
were shaped by their culture,

the Kennedys were shaped
by their religion,

and for them,
that meant embracing the crowd.

They were part
of the fabric of the city.

Mommy was a Skakel

and also grew up in a wealthy,
large Irish Catholic family.

The Skakels
were outdoors people,

and that love of nature,

that comfort with mountains
and streams

and rivers, the forest,
outdoor adventure.

They were
the great individualists.

They were not conformists.
They didn't want to be part

of something bigger
than themselves.

But whereas Daddy's father,

Joseph Kennedy, went to Harvard

and Daddy's mother, Rose,

was the daughter of the mayor
of Boston,

Mommy's father, George Skakel,
was a self-made man

who started off working
for only eight dollars a week.

He worked for the railroad.

And I don't know
how he saved the money,

but he started a coal company.

It was amazing,

because he hadn't been
to college.

Grandpa ultimately grew
Great Lakes Carbon

into one of the largest
private family businesses

in the United States.

The Kennedy household,

whether in Brookline
or Palm Beach,

was very disciplined.

Dinner was at 7:15,
and it did not mean 7:16.

The Skakel home
in Greenwich was more chaotic.

In our house, you didn't know

whether you were going
to have supper

at 5:00 or at 10:00.

My brothers were real rascals.

For instance, they would take
the train to New York,

but they never rode
on the inside of the train.

They always rode on the top
of the train. I mean...

They made life really fun,

and interesting,
and a challenge.

And they were plenty scary, too.

Both families
were very religious.

Both families
said evening prayer.

All of our grandparents
went to daily mass.

The people of America
are dedicated

to the cause of peace.

The Kennedys
were staunch Democrats

and politically very active.

The Skakels,
on the other hand...

My parents
weren't bedrock Democrats.

They were Republicans?

Conservative Republicans.

Did you have any
consciousness of politics

- when you were growing up?
- No. None whatsoever.

Both families were athletic.

Mommy was a natural.

Mommy is the most
fiercely competitive person

I have ever met
in my entire life.

Mommy competed in riding,

competed in sailing,
was really a champion.

Daddy, on the other hand,

was physically the smallest
of his brothers

and had to try a little harder.

Daddy was regarded

as the runt of the litter,

but he was very tough.

And when he went to Harvard,
he worked his way up

to first string
on the football team.

And he made it by showing up
an hour early to practice

and staying an hour late.

Didn't he play
the Harvard-Yale game

to get his letter?

Yes, and he had a broken leg.
He had a cast on his leg.

So, what does that say
to you about Daddy's character,

that he was playing this game
when he had a broken leg?

He really wanted
to get his letter.

Whereas Daddy liked
to stick to the rules...

Mommy liked to bend them.

Mommy's a Skakel.

And as a Skakel, she inherited

a healthy disregard
for authority in all its forms.

As your mother, I probably
shouldn't, uh, tell you this.

But every morning at college,
even at college, imagine that,

from 8:30 to 9:00,
I read the odds...

...about the racetrack.

If only my tests had been
on the racehorses

instead of history.

I would have
really gotten an A-plus.

Now you read
the New York Times every day.

Yes.
I wasn't a very deep thinker.

Like I am now.

You and Aunt Jean got
into a little bit of trouble.

Uh... No, they never caught us.

Okay, well, I have proof.

You do not.

- You do not.
- I have the demerit book.

Do you remember
this demerit book?

I can remember a demerit book.

I got censured
for talking in assembly

and chewing gum...

...and disorder in the tea room.

This is ridiculous.

We wanted to go
to the Harvard-Yale game,

but if you had racked up
a certain amount of demerits,

you... you were campused.

So we took the demerit book

and threw it down
the incinerator...

and went
to the Harvard-Yale game.

So what happened
on that skiing trip

to Mont-Tremblant,

when my mother and father met
for the very first time?

He was standing in front
of a roaring fireplace

in the living room.

And what'd you think
when you saw him?

"Wow!

Pretty great."

- Really?
- Yeah.

- So, was it love at first sight?
- It was.

- Really?
- It was.

We made a bet right away

about who could get down
the mountain faster.

And who won?

I'm not gonna tell you.

And then, Daddy took a...

left turn...

and he started dating
my sister, Pat!

Oh, that was a black period.

But at the time, I thought,
"Well, no contest.

She's so pretty and so smart
and so wonderful."

And so they went out
for two years.

- Ooh! Ouch.
- Ooh! Ouch.

Luckily, the Boston Post

asked Daddy to cover the war
of independence in Israel.

And so, when he went off to
what was then called Palestine,

Pat found Luan Cuffe
and fell in love with him.

So that when he returned,
Mommy could get him.

♪ Who can fight
And fight till he wins? ♪

♪ Kennedy can
Kennedy can... ♪

Mommy's first exposure
to politics came in 1946,

while she was still
at Manhattanville College.

Her roommate, Jean Kennedy,
took her to Boston to help

with my uncle Jack's very first
campaign for Congress.

That was really fun.

We'd drive up to Boston...

and then lick stamps,

and I thought,
"This is so exciting!"

We went house to house
and talked to people.

And why they would listen
to a 17-year-old

who knew nothing,
I have no idea.

But it was great experience.

It was a room full of people

who I had not exactly
rubbed elbows with before.

A lot of minorities

and financially challenged
people.

So, did you start thinking
during this campaign of...

They are faced with a lot of
hardship and struggle, and...

- Yes.
- ...if government can help them,

- that's a good thing?
- Yeah.

- Can you talk about that?
- No.

Oh!

All this introspection,
I hate it.

Her first love
and her great love was Daddy.

So whatever Daddy was,
she was gonna like.

She was not, uh, James Carville
and Mary Matalin.

She was... she believed that
the woman stayed with the guy.

And I think
that being with Daddy

certainly opened her up
to other experiences,

and she saw what a difference
she could make.

We got married in Greenwich,

and it was a beautiful wedding.

It was wonderful.

And there were about 600 guests.

And there were fountains
of champagne.

Lots of dancing,
and lots of dogs...

...all over everything.

And I think Daddy had 21 ushers.

- He had a lot of friends.
- Yeah.

We went
on our honeymoon in Hawaii,

and then we went back to L.A.
and bought our convertible

and drove across the country.

Just will-o'-the-wisp.

We'd go to Montana,

and then we'd go down
to a southern state.

We went wherever we had friends.

It was a very happy time.

In the book
Robert Kennedy and His Times,

the historian Arthur Schlesinger
wrote this

about Daddy's relationship
with Mommy.

"For Robert Kennedy,

it was the best thing
that could have happened.

She awakened his sympathy
and his humor,

and brought him out emotionally.

He never had to prove himself
to her.

Ethel gave him
unquestioning confidence,

unwavering direction,
and unstinted love."

They made their way back
to Virginia,

where Daddy was finishing
his final year

at the University of Virginia
Law School.

Mommy tried her hand
at homemaking.

I was really bad at it.

Can you describe Mommy
as a homemaker?

No.

She... she was a horrible cook.
I remember one night,

she put some Vaseline,
like petroleum jelly,

in a frying pan,
and cooked bananas.

That was not
why he fell in love with her,

her cooking.

While at UVA Law School,

Daddy headed
the Student Legal Forum,

an organization that brought
important speakers to campus.

One of the speakers he invited
was Dr. Ralph Bunche,

who was the first person
of color

to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

At the time,
UVA was still segregated,

and much of the local community
and student body were angered

by Dr. Bunche's impending visit.

Everyone agreed
that the... safest...

Imagine having to use
the word "safe."

It was so appalling.

Uh...

The safest place for him
to stay was at our house.

And he was so charming and...

non-complaining.

But they did throw things
at our house all night long.

It was so unthinkable
and outrageous,

but you got a little taste
of what Black people

in our country
had to go through at that time.

And I was glad I was married
to Daddy, who had the courage

and the forethought
to have someone...

of color
speak at Charlottesville.

After graduating
from law school,

Daddy got a job
at the Department of Justice.

But he was there only briefly.

Uncle Jack had decided to run
for the Senate,

and asked Daddy
to manage his campaign.

It was a major decision.

He had felt he was just starting
his own career

and that he had
to put it on the back burner.

It was a big sacrifice.

It was wonderful that he did it.

And why
did he make that choice?

Oh, 'cause he loved his brother.

Everybody in our family
banded together to help,

and Mommy did her part too.

She and Aunt Pat
and Aunt Eunice

and Aunt Jean
and my grandmother

had famous tea parties
across the state,

and they would invite
hundreds of women

from the neighborhood,
and people would come

to meet the Kennedy girls.

The tea parties were fun

because Pat and Jean
and Eunice were there.

You'd just meet
hundreds of people

and shake hundreds of hands.

By the end of the campaign,

she had probably met
every voter

in the entire
congressional district.

My brother Bobby,
who managed the campaign,

perhaps he could give us
some idea, more up to date,

of what the final figures were.

I think that from what we got
up to about 20 minutes ago,

that you were winning
by about 70,000.

About 100,000 more votes
will come in,

and I think that
that plurality will remain.

Very fine.

Well, I guess you're glad
it's over, aren't you, Bobby?

- I am, Jack.
- Okay.

Uncle Jack won his seat
in the Senate.

After the race,

the Republican candidate,
Henry Cabot Lodge,

blamed his loss on
"those damn tea parties."

In 1953, Daddy went to work

for the Senate Subcommittee
on Investigations,

chaired by Joseph McCarthy.

The raw, unpleasant fact
is that Communism is an issue.

You know, it's hard now,
looking back,

to understand the sense

of what the Communist threat was
in this country.

- But did you feel like there was a real threat at the time?
- Right. Yes, I did.

Especially growing up
in a Republican atmosphere,

they were always talking
about the communists.

My grandfather had been friends
with McCarthy

by virtue that they were both
Irish Catholics.

And McCarthy had actually dated
two of my aunts, Pat and Eunice.

He could be so affectionate

and warm, and then...

get in that hearing room
and, um...

it was very unpleasant
how he treated people.

He started drinking, and...

the whole thing
was just falling apart.

And Daddy realized
he didn't wanna be a part of it.

He stayed on the committee

for a couple of months,
and he quickly...

broke with McCarthy

and helped author the report

that was used in the end
to censure McCarthy.

Have you no sense
of decency, sir?

At long last, have you
left no sense of decency?

Daddy was quoted as
saying, "At the time,

I thought there was a serious
internal security threat

to the United States.
McCarthy seemed to be

the only one who was doing
anything about it. I was wrong."

He often changed his mind.

Daddy had an open mind.
He judged things continuously.

On the fourth of July
in 1951, Mommy gave birth

to the very first
of the Kennedy grandchildren,

my sister, Kathleen.

Daddy was the seventh
of the nine children,

and yet he has
the first grandchild.

Our family grew very quickly.

My brother Joe was born next.

Then Bobby in 1954.

David in 1955.

And Courtney in 1956.

You were pregnant
for 99 months...

out of your life.

Well,
that is a statistic that...

I never...

This is the first time
I've heard it.

Obviously, you went on
to have 11 children.

So did you have any sense
that you wanted

- a big family, or...
- Yes.

Did you guys talk about
how many kids you would have?

- Did you have any...
- No. Never.

When I first went
to Hickory Hill,

it was owned by Jack and Jackie.

And when I was about five
or six years old,

Daddy and Mommy
actually bought Hickory Hill,

and we moved there.

And it was really
in the country.

Georgetown was kind of confining

- with all the children.
- Right.

And there they had the lawn.

They could run.
Run, run, run, run, run.

We had a pony and a cart,

and I'd take the children
out for a ride every day.

They'd go out in the snow and...

behind them on a... We had a sled
that they could ride in.

The word that
comes first, of course, is "magical,"

because our mother
has an amazing imagination.

So there was always something
going on to interest us,

all these children.

Mommy and Daddy
brought in a lot of horses.

We would get up early
in the morning and ride over

to the CIA, which was nice.

She thought we should know
about farm animals

and how they lived.

And so we had goats and pigs
and cows and chickens.

And they never were
penned very well.

So they'd spend a lot of time
up in the, uh, living room,

particularly the goats,
who liked the flowers.

So it was fun 'cause you'd be
walking up to the front door,

and a herd of horses
would come galloping by.

So it was...
It was kind of unusual.

I remember having, like,
15 dogs when we were growing up.

At one point, I think
you guys had 19 dogs.

But that was
my own life growing up.

We always had at least 16 dogs.

My mother, who really
never skipped a carpool,

one day appeared to pick us up
with a seal in the back seat.

He had to be fed
fish every day,

but he didn't like the eyes.

So there were always hundreds
of eyes around.

That we could have
done without, but...

he was fun,

and he'd make
all sorts of noise,

like...

He was a great seal,

but when he pushed
my sister Kathleen in the pool

through a hula hoop
on Christmas Day,

that was when he was sent off
to the Washington Zoo.

In the fall of 1955,
Mommy received terrible news.

Her parents
were on their way to California

when their plane crashed.

Both of them were killed.

It was hard on everybody.

It was.

She was incredibly
devoted to her parents,

and she was 27 or so years old,

and, you know,
that was a tragic loss for her.

- Was Daddy supportive of you?
- Very.

Very.
I remember he was campaigning,

and, uh, I really...

felt it would be good
to be with him.

And, God love him,
he got off the train and...

drove home.

He had to drive
all the way through the night,

and he did it.

In certain circles, people deal
with death all the time,

and they deal with it
in different ways.

I think what Mommy...

how Mommy has dealt
with death, she's...

You know, she does go
to mass every day.

You will always see her holding
the rosary.

But she certainly
doesn't talk about it.

And she doesn't discuss it,
and she doesn't reflect on it.

She... she wanted
a lot of people around,

and I would say, not solitude.

And I think
that's how she got through

a lot of the really,
really tough things.

If I may, sir.

In 1957,
my father became chief counsel

of the Senate's
Labor Rackets Committee.

The committee investigated
criminal activities

surrounding
labor-management relations.

Did you say, "That S.O.B.,
I'll break his back?"

- Who?
- You.

I did it to who?

To anyone.

Probably the most
famous case was Jimmy Hoffa,

the labor organizer
accused of hijacking

the Teamsters Union.

Well, whose back
were you gonna break, Mr. Hoffa?

Figure of speech, I don't even
know who I was talking about,

I don't know
what you're talking about.

He thought the working man
was getting a raw deal

and that the Teamsters Union
was corrupt...

and it was wrecking
the lives of so many people.

Mommy was there
almost every day,

supporting Daddy.

Mommy thought
it was really important

that we understood
what Daddy was up to.

So, for instance, um...

oftentimes,
rather than take me to the...

uh, playground where we could go
on the seesaw,

she took me to the Senate
Racket Committee hearings.

And so some of
my first words were,

"I refuse
to answer that question

on the grounds that it may tend
to incriminate me."

Well, I think it might have been
a little

over their heads but, uh...

it gave them a taste, I think,
of what their daddy did.

Uh, Mrs. Kennedy,

do you attend many
of Bob's committee hearings?

Oh, Mr. Murrow, I do,
yes, most all of them.

Does Bob ever strike you
as a seemingly mild-mannered man

for a rackets investigator?

Well, I'm awfully surprised
most of the time

when he really keeps his temper.

You know, when witnesses
aren't telling the truth

and being quite frank,

or when they take
the Fifth Amendment so often.

I think it's really amazing
that he does so well.

I thought it was a courageous
thing to do

to go after racketeers...

and particularly Hoffa.

It had its consequences
on the family.

They had thrown acid
into the eyes of a journalist

from the New York Post.

And they said, "We're gonna do
the same to your children."

They were trying
to intimidate Daddy.

And so there was a period
of time

when we were going
to Our Lady of Victory School,

we couldn't leave
with all the other kids.

We had to go up
into the principal's office

and wait for Mommy
to pick us up,

because it was supposed to be
too dangerous for us to...

just to walk out of school.

She was not afraid of that.

She was not gonna be
turned around.

She was not gonna be
made to hide.

I think her inner Skakel
came out.

And she was emboldened.

And I think
that helped my father

through that difficult time.

♪ Kennedy, Kennedy
Kennedy, Kennedy ♪

♪ Kennedy, Kennedy
Kennedy for me ♪

♪ Kennedy! Kennedy!
Kennedy! Kennedy! ♪

♪ Do you want a man
For president ♪

♪ Who's seasoned
Through and through ♪

♪ But not
So doggone seasoned... ♪

In 1959, Daddy resigned
from the Labor Rackets Committee

to run Uncle Jack's campaign
for president.

Was it clear that Jack
was gonna run for president?

Well, it was certainly clear
to the family.

You know, we'd talk about it
over the dinner table.

At what point exactly

did you learn
he was gonna run?

Oh, for God's sakes,
it was 50 years ago,

60 years ago, I have no idea.

♪ Kennedy, Kennedy
Kennedy, Kennedy ♪

♪ Kennedy, Kennedy... ♪

Once again, the family rallied,

and everyone hit
the campaign trail.

My mother
played a very active role.

This lovely little girl here,

a mother of seven children,

who has given birth
to her own precinct.

Hey, you have any news for us?

No, I don't.

Listen,
you've been out campaigning

for your brother-in-law.

- Do you enjoy it at all?
- Oh, yes.

How do the kids take it?
Now, you have seven children.

What do they think of all this?

Oh, mostly they think
it's taking an awful long time

for Uncle Jack to be president.

We were part of that campaign,

and we were involved
in every aspect.

We climbed the stop signs
and, you know,

put "Nixon" stickers
under the stop sign

so it said, "Stop Nixon."

We passed out buttons,
we traveled across the country,

and that was such a thrill
for us.

Daddy really wanted
the children with him.

So whenever we could,
the children campaigned too.

And I think the children
really loved it.

I remember campaigning

and there were special dresses
we all wore.

The Kennedy girl dresses.
And we all put them on.

I was a little kid but,
you know...

we wore them,
very exciting to go campaigning.

Coffee with the Kennedys.

First, I'd like
to thank my wife, uh, Jackie,

for presenting this program,

and also my sister Eunice
and my brother's wife, Ethel,

who are helping to answer
the telephones this morning.

I mean, it's interesting.

You grew up
in a Republican household,

and now you're in this
Democratic campaign

- for president.
- But I just...

totally put the Republican part
behind me.

And your family
didn't care, the Skakels?

I think they thought
I was a little communist.

I think that we have
a great deal of work.

I think that the work
on registration...

The 1960 election would be
one of the closest in history.

It was a grueling year
for Daddy,

who crisscrossed the country,
campaigning nonstop.

I really remember 1960
largely for Daddy's absence,

particularly during
the West Virginia primary.

I mean, he just disappeared

for, like, three months
and we just never saw him.

Where were you
on election night?

I was here at the Cape.

And we waited and waited
and watched right in there.

I don't think they knew
about Jack

till the early morning.
But we had gone to bed.

Oh, Daddy stayed up
for a long time.

And so then you woke up?

Just elated, happy.
Hallelujah. I mean, bravo.

Then we all went
over to the big house

and had a photograph taken.

Everyone was genuinely happy.

Everybody had worked so hard.

But it's funny,
nobody looked tired

in the photograph,
everybody just looks happy.

It was so full of joy
knowing...

that the rest of the world
would now know

how great Jack was.

And so, my fellow Americans...

ask not...

what your country can do
for you,

ask what you can do
for your country.

We went to his swearing-in,

and that was our first
visit to the White House.

And we went upstairs
with Daddy and Mommy.

We toured through the upper
floors of the White House.

Mommy took us up
and showed us where John,

who had just been born,
and Caroline

were gonna live
in the private quarters.

And then we came back down,

and Daddy slid down
the banister.

He had us all
slide down the banisters,

and then we went
and saw the bowling alley,

and we went and jumped
in the swimming pool.

And then we toured
through the corridors

and the secret tunnels
underneath the White House.

Just...
It was a moment in history.

- Yeah.
- That was, you know, you were...

kind of unaware of it
at the time.

But what fun, 50 years later.

After Uncle Jack
became president,

he asked Daddy to serve
as his attorney general.

Daddy was reluctant.

And I think
people were questioning

whether that was
the best choice,

whether he was the best choice.

He has proven his ability...

in almost ten years
of public service

as an attorney
for the Justice Department

and, more recently,

as chief counsel of the Senate
Labor Rackets Committee.

Daddy felt so sheepish
and so shy.

The president had to say to him,

"Don't you think
you should comb your hair...

...before we go out?"

How does being
a brother of a president

affect your role
as a member of the cabinet?

Oh, I think it probably, uh,
makes it easier.

I think having the same
last name as the president

of the United States
helps, probably.

Some of my earliest memories

are of when Daddy
was attorney general

and Mommy would pile
six or seven of us

into the back of a convertible

with two or three dogs
and a football,

and bring us down
to the Justice Department.

In his
Justice Department office,

there were drawings by all of us

taped up onto the walls,
and so it made us

feel like we were important
in his life,

just as important as his work.

The children were always
included in everything we did.

I think it probably made them
more interesting.

There was just not much
of a separation

between grown-ups and children.

Mommy believed very much
that we should, you know,

know what was going on.
So every night at dinner,

there would always be quizzes
at our dinner table

about current events or history.

And so it was very important
where you sat,

um, at the dinner table,
'cause if you sat

at Mommy's right,
you only had to read

the front page.
But as you went around

the dinner table,
as you can imagine,

you really had to know
what was going on.

What we loved to do

was go down to the FBI building

and watch the sharpshooters
at practice.

At the time, the director
of the FBI was J. Edgar Hoover,

who was a man not known
for his sense of humor

or his love of children,

and he, um,
particularly had this intense,

uh, clash with my father.

One day, we were all over there
watching the sharpshooters,

and in the bottom
of the FBI building,

which is a little weird,
they had a suggestion box.

I don't know why,

But anyway, so Mommy took out
her telltale red pen,

and she always
only used a red pen,

and, um, wrote on a little card,

"Get a new director."

Which was, you know,
if you have any idea

who J. Edgar Hoover was
at that time, I mean,

he was an awful, horrible man.

And just to be able
to stand up to him there

was an important lesson
to me at a very, very young age.

When we came home
from school every day,

we played a football game.

Mommy loved to play football,

but only if she was
on the winning side.

You know, a lot
of parents will let their kids,

like, beat them at a sport,
you know, to encourage them.

And... But she wouldn't do that.

That wasn't part
of her parenting philosophy.

Every time we did anything,

it was about competition.

And was coming in second okay?

Only if you were the Shrivers.

Trying hard didn't cut it.

You know, people now say,
"Oh, just try hard." No.

Win. That was important.

Trying hard, not part of the...
not part of the culture.

As well as the idea
that Kennedys don't cry.

I mean,
you cannot show weakness.

You always had to be tough.

I also remember
falling off my horse

and hurting my leg.

And it took them about four days

to realize that it might
be broken

and I should go to the hospital.

Had you in fact
broken your leg?

Yes.

But I'm glad we're laughing.

The 1960s were just
a completely,

really unique period
in American history.

There's sort of,
every 30 or 50 years,

there's periods where... where...
where there's enormous change

or enormous growth,

and Daddy was in the middle
of all of that.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis,
Daddy spent...

virtually the entire time
at the White House,

and for the first couple days,
nobody knew what was going on,

but then,
they announced it on TV,

and everybody realized

that, you know, the next day,
we could all be dead.

Within the past week,
unmistakable evidence

has established the fact

that a series
of offensive missile sites

is now in preparation...

on the island of Cuba.

The Cubans, along with
their allies, the Russians,

were installing nuclear missiles

capable of first strike attacks
on the United States.

I can't imagine anything worse.

It was on your mind
all the time.

"Oh, where are the children?

Should we come? Should we go?"

Daddy,
who played an important role

in the handling of the crisis,

had to stay in Washington
by President Kennedy's side.

I just remember Mom and Dad
got us together

as a family, and, uh...

they said
that there was a provision

that allowed
some officials' families

and their children
to maybe be...

taken outside of the city
to a place of safety.

Daddy was gonna have to stay
in Washington,

and, of course,
Mom would never have left him.

What they wanted to know was
how we all felt

about leaving
or staying together as a family.

We all had to say
what we wanted to do.

And we all said
that we wanted to stay.

I think Bobby and I had...

...maybe some
second thoughts about it

between ourselves afterwards.

I think if she had said, "Hey,
I'm getting the hell outta here,

I'm not gonna
stick around Washington,"

it would have had
a completely different effect

on all of us.

But when you see that kind
of loyalty, you just suck it up.

In his job as attorney general,

Daddy found himself
at the forefront

of the civil rights movement.

Citizens are being denied
the right to register

and the right to vote
because of their color.

Mommy would make sure

we understood the importance
of those battles,

the historical significance
of those battles,

and that we talked about them.

In 1962, the racial integration

of the University of Mississippi
had been violent.

A year later,
the University of Alabama

was headed
in the same direction.

Today, the majority of
the white population of Tuscaloosa

still does not favor
integration of the university.

The state's governor,
George Wallace,

stood in the schoolhouse door
in an effort to stop

African American students
from entering.

In the face of this, Daddy sent
his deputy attorney general,

Nick Katzenbach,
down to Alabama

to persuade the governor
to let the students in.

I'm asking
from you an unequivocal assurance

that you will not bar entry
to these students

and that you will step aside
peacefully.

I was maybe three
or four years old,

and I was in Daddy's office,
and the phone rang,

and Nick Katzenbach was calling.

He won't step aside.

He'll be carried off
by soldiers.

Want to say hello to Kerry?

Yeah!

- Hi, Nick.
- Hi, Kerry. How are you, dear?

What are you doing?

Are you at our house?

No, I'm not out at your house.
I'm way down in the Southland.

And you know what
the temperature is down here?

The temperature down here
is 98 degrees.

You tell your father that.

Tell him we're all gonna
get hardship pay.

- We got Kerry on here.
- Kerry?

We're all gonna get
hardship today.

- We're gonna all get what?
- Hard...

After several days,

Governor Wallace was forced
to step aside,

and Vivian Malone and James Hood

were peacefully admitted
to the University of Alabama.

To this day, I have a letter
that was written to me by Daddy

on that visit, and it says,
"Dear Kerry,

today, over the objection
of the governor of Alabama,

two Negroes were allowed
into the university,

and I hope these events
are long past

by the time you get your
pretty little head to college."

And here's Daddy making sure
that we were engaged

and knowledgeable
about what he was doing.

Felt a connection
and felt, I think, you know,

a responsibility to make sure
that when we were in college,

we were still knowing
what was going on in the world,

and if there was discrimination,
um, fighting it.

At the Justice Department,

Daddy was at the center
of the storm.

But at Hickory Hill, Mommy was
her own force of nature.

'Course, I remember
as a kid, people who worked

at the government
were always at our house,

and they all had
these special plates, you know,

which would mean
basically that the cops

wouldn't give you a ticket,
and we didn't have those plates.

And I remember saying to Daddy,

"Well,
why don't we have those plates?"

And him saying,
"Are you kidding?

The last thing
I want people to know

is who's driving that car."

So Mommy has a long history
of... of dealings with cops.

But in fairness to her,
when she stole those horses,

she wasn't really...

She was trying
to save their lives.

We were on a ride one day,
and we heard these...

forlorn moans coming
out of this barn.

So we got off our horses
and went into the shed.

And in this shed were
these three starving horses.

And she thought,
"This is outrageous."

And so she immediately got
the groom

to come and take
these starving horses

and bring them
over to our house.

Well, some people think
that's stealing.

A few days later,

the man who had been
starving the horses

sued my mother
for horse thievery,

which at that time was
a hanging offense in Virginia.

So the wife
of the attorney general

had to go to court
and defend herself

against a hanging offense.

- And how did she do?
- And she won. Thank goodness.

What did your husband say?

You just had a chance
to talk to him.

What does he think
about all this,

his wife, a courtroom star?

I'm not sure
that's the way he looks at it.

I don't think he's gonna let me
off the property again...

...without my keeper.

As the head
of the Justice Department

and the president's brother,

Daddy became his ambassador
to the rest of the world.

Um...

Is that right? "I thank you"?

Oh, no.

There was a cute shot of you

trying to speak Japanese?

That wasn't so cute.
That was ego-destroying.

I was horrible.

Oh, dear.

It was so bad.

You had clearly tried so hard.

You have no idea. All the way
over on the plane, rehearsing.

Japan, Indonesia, Korea,
Germany, Poland, Chile, Peru,

South Africa, Kenya,
the Philippines, Brazil,

Italy, Ivory Coast,
and Hong Kong.

Every minute was filled.

But whoever was in power
in those countries

felt they had the ear
of the president.

They knew they were talking
to someone

who could change policy.

I appreciate your frankness.

And I think you would expect
the same from me.

And you're gonna get it.

Daddy would speak his mind,

and, you know,
it was really, uh, refreshing.

He didn't fool around.

- I just wanna talk...
- You're talking about the United States 100 years ago.

What,
do you think we stood still?

Whew!

I asked my wife
as I was coming down

whether she could think
of a joke.

She said, "If they look
at the top of your hair,

they'll laugh."

There is great footage
of you in Poland,

where Daddy's signing
all these signatures

and then he gets a cramp,

and then you start signing
the signatures.

You know,

I remember that trip to Poland
so well, 'cause, uh...

instantaneously,
they would show up,

you know, hundreds of thousands
of people to see Daddy.

That was a big deal
because Daddy was, first of all,

not given, um, the visa ticket
to Poland for a while,

and they didn't wanna have any
publicity for his trip there,

and yet through the underground,
people found out about it,

and thousands and thousands
of people came.

It was so wonderful
to see the United States

held in such high honor.

When Mommy and Daddy
went to Rome,

the members of the press corps
traveling with them

gave Mommy a scooter.

They presented it one day
at a restaurant.

It was such a cute
little red scooter.

So I got on it and went
flying out the door...

...and into the traffic,
where I hit a truck.

It was really unpleasant.

But I didn't know
how to stop it.

So what did Daddy do

while you were riding
the scooter?

He was finishing his pasta.

He got such joy

out of Mommy
and some of her antics

or little naughty things
that she might get up to.

He would just throw
his head back

and laugh and say, "Oh, Ethel,"

and put his hands over his eyes,
and his eyes to God.

My father really had
the weight of the world on him.

And Mommy was funny, and fun,

and full of laughter,
and full of life.

And she was at ease
throwing parties

and making him enjoy life.

Any occasion
that there was to have a party,

there'd be a party.

She had every single member
of President Kennedy's cabinet

knocked into the swimming pool.

It was in the papers,
and, uh, Jack,

actually, who adored my mother

and loved her sense of mischief
and her sense of humor,

but he called her up
and he said,

"We can't have
any more of that."

And that was the end
of pushing people in the pool...

...at Hickory Hill.

I remember,
Daddy had promised...

uh, Mom this, like,
really terrific birthday party

and terrific present.

And I saw Daddy and Uncle Steve
go out the front door,

and they rustled around in
the car for a while, and they...

pulled out a guy.

And the guy was dressed
in black tie,

and they had wrapped him up
in...

ribbons
with this gigantic pink bow.

They carried him in
and laid him at...

Mom's feet,

and it was Gene Kelly.

♪ I'm singin' in the rain ♪

♪ Just singin' in the rain... ♪

And she...
she rips the bow off of him,

and he jumped up,
and he grabbed her

and danced her
around the dance floor.

And that was Daddy's gift to Mom
that she would never forget.

Aw.

I'd say in the history
of the country,

there's probably never been
as unique a relationship

between two brothers as the one
between Daddy and Jack.

It would be rare to be able
to identify a team of brothers

who were as close as they were

and achieved as much success
as they did.

They had a great relationship.

I think there was
enormous affection between them

and admiration
on each of their parts.

It was very funny.
So often, people said

they couldn't understand
their dialogue,

and it was because one of them
would start a sentence

and the other would finish it.

He knew exactly
where the other one was going.

From Dallas, Texas,
the flash apparently official.

President Kennedy died

at 1:00 p.m.
central standard time,

some 38 minutes ago.

It was like a tidal wave
of grief...

to see this vibrant man

with all his character
and sense of fun and...

um...

wonderful judgment...

was lost.

Everyone was devastated.

It was, uh...

it was like Daddy
had lost both arms.

And how did you talk to him?

Or did you feel like
you could reach out to him?

No, I didn't, no.

Was it months?

It was six months of just...

blackness.

Well, Daddy became
much more withdrawn

after Jack died. And he would go
to his room after dinner,

and he read a lot of poets.
He read...

um, Aeschylus,
Edith Hamilton on the Greeks.

And he read the Bible,
obviously, the Old Testament.

And really the notion
of how do you face tragedy,

how do you go forward?

And how do you make sense
of your life?

And I think
that he tried to really...

feel the pain.

He said, "I'm gonna dwell
in the pain, and I'm going to...

understand
that something terrible

has happened."

And I think that helped
make him a really...

a stunning,
extraordinary leader,

because, um, oftentimes,

people
who are in the public life

don't go deep into pain,

and he was willing to do that.

This is a letter he wrote
two days after...

uh, our Uncle Jack died.

"Dear Kathleen,
you seem to understand

that Jack died
and was buried today.

As the oldest
of the Kennedy grandchildren,

you have
a particular responsibility now.

A special responsibility
to John and Joe.

Be kind to others...

and work for your country.
Love, Daddy."

And you have to think
about this.

He had just had
the most terrible tragedy,

he had just lost his brother,

he had lost his power,

which was
as the attorney general.

He didn't know
what was gonna happen to Jackie,

and he didn't know where to go.

And you can imagine
that others in that situation

might be filled
with a spirit of revenge,

or anger, or...

being, you know, kicking out,
or just so mad.

And his words
are just amazing to me.

They are about responsibility,
kindness,

working for our country,

and love.

And now,
it is my privilege and honor...

to introduce Robert Kennedy.

Mr. Chairman...

I was sitting
in the living room,

just watching him
give the speech,

and the clapping
continued for 17 minutes.

And it was just so breathtaking.

And it was sort of like tears
coming down his eyes.

Mr. Chairman...

I realize that,
as an individual,

that we can't just look back,

that we must look forward.
When I think of...

President Kennedy, I think of...

of what Shakespeare said
in Romeo and Juliet.

"When he shall die...

take him and cut him out
in little stars,

and he shall make the face
of heaven so fine

that all the world
will be in love with night...

and pay no worship
to the garish sun."

It was such an outpouring
of emotion and love for Jack...

and it washed over Daddy.

I think after the
Canadians named Mount Kennedy,

the highest unclimbed peak
in Canada,

after his brother,

I think he knew that he needed
to be the first to climb it.

When did the idea
first come to you

to climb the mountain?

I think my younger brother
suggested that we both do it.

Why isn't Teddy coming out?

Well, that's what I'm gonna f...
try to find out.

Here was Daddy,
who arrived in a business suit,

changed into
his mountain climbing gear,

and just wanted
to get right up there.

It was three days of climbing up
and back again.

Daddy brought up a flag

with the Kennedy family
coat of arms,

and then coins
with Jack's face on them.

Did he like climbing?

No, he hated
every moment of it.

But he did it to honor Jack.

It was cleansing, or...

gave him the impetus to...

go on, and, uh...

start again.

He started...

little baby steps
to come out of it...

but I think it was really
you children who did it.

And you can see it
in the photographs of the time,

when he was playing
touch football with you.

Oh, Kathleen!

In 1964,

my father decided to run
for the United States Senate.

Over the past few weeks...

many leading members
of the Democratic

and the Liberal parties
here in the state of New York

have talked to me
about being a candidate

for the United States Senate.

Mrs. Kennedy, how do you feel

about transferring your family
to the state of New York?

I'm looking forward to it.

This was the first
time he was running...

- On his own.
- Yeah.

Yeah, and it was
totally different, and he was...

not as comfortable.

I think that the election
is of great importance,

and I think Queens
is a pivitable... piv...

It's been a long day.

It's been a long campaign.

Whereas Jack was a born orator,

nothing came naturally to Daddy.

He really had to, um...

struggle for everything.

In 1963, the people
in the Plattsburgh area

paid 12 million dollars...
taxes... schools...

If my opponent had his way,
your a... area would have lost.

I stumbled on that.

Campaigning was totally
against his nature.

And how did you like it?

I loved it.

What can I tell you?

Well, I just think
when people think

of Bob Kennedy,
they think of courage,

and I can't think of anyone

who would better represent you

in the Senate
of the United States.

Daddy moved from
behind the scenes to,

you know, a very
public figure in those years,

and those were not
easy transitions for him.

Mommy lifted Daddy up.

He had a lot in him,
but it's hard to get that out,

and you had to have that faith
that she had in him.

I always have felt that,

having been a campaign manager
before, that...

90 percent of the talk
was done by men,

and 90 percent of the work
was done by women.

- Hello.
- Nice to see you.

- Hello.
- Nice to be here.

Thank you for wearing his button.

We had a house in New York.

It was in Glen Cove,
Long Island.

So there were a lot of
gatherings there.

Hundreds of women.
But I was pregnant.

- You were always pregnant.
- I know.

I was just getting bigger

and bigger and bigger.
I mean...

For the last 14 years,
Bobby' been down serving

the federal government
in Washington.

And now he'll care for you.
But the only thing is

he needs you
to care for him first,

and for you to support him.

We were part of that campaign,

and we went everywhere with him.

We went to the Finger Lakes,
we went to Syracuse,

and Rochester, and Rye,
and Schenectady...

We just could not wait
to go campaigning,

which, if you talk to children
of politicians,

this is not a common theme
whatsoever.

But they always made it
an adventure.

So it just felt so holistic,

like this was part of our life.

Daddy was attacked
for his decision

to run for the Senate
in New York.

He was called a carpetbagger.

Aren't you really
using New York State

as a kind of jumping-off place

for your own
presidential ambitions?

Well, first let me say I would...
I have really two choices

uh, over the period
of the last ten months.

I could've retired,

and, uh...

And I... my, uh...
father has done very well,

and I could've lived off him.

Frankly, I don't need the title.

'Cause I could be
called General, I understand,

for the rest of my life.
I've been...

And I don't need the money,

and I don't need
the office space.

So I would just... I mean...

Frank as it is, and maybe

it's difficult to understand
in the state of New York,

I'd like to just be
a good United States senator.

I'd like to serve.

He's the United
States senator from New York,

so said the people of this state
by a half a million votes.

Daddy won his seat
in the Senate,

beating Kenneth Keating
with 55 percent of the vote.

Senator, in assessing
the results of the campaign,

what do you attribute
your success to?

I think just the effort
that we made in the campaign.

And Ethel.

Here's a senator
from Massachusetts.

He joined
his younger brother, Teddy,

in the Senate.

It was a magical time,
because Daddy

was very interested in ideas.

He was reading the Greeks.

Mommy and Daddy
would take us to the theater.

You know, Elizabeth Taylor
and Richard Burton were friends.

They would recite the Crispian
Day Speech together.

I mean, there was just...

there was really a sense
of excitement.

Mommy and Daddy also wanted us
to see,

you know,
how other people lived.

And so we'd often drive
through Harlem

and the Bronx
and Bedford-Stuyvesant.

They wanted to make sure
that we didn't just think we...

the world was how we saw it.

We were appalled
by the poverty

and that nobody
was paying attention...

to the people
on the lowest rungs

of the ladder.

I don't think
that it's acceptable,

as I said before,

with the gross national product
that this country has,

with the great amount
of wealth that this country has,

that we still have people
who can't find jobs,

we still have children
who don't have enough to eat

and don't have clothes to wear.

Daddy was very focused
on trying to do something.

You know, when I was very young,

he was interested in sort of
justice, as in making sure

that people who had ripped off
their fellow workers

or their employees
should be brought to justice.

And now he was interested
in justice

for the whole country.

When Daddy went down
to the Delta,

he was just so riveted
by the experience.

What did you
have for lunch?

I haven't eaten.

- You haven't had lunch yet?
- No.

He described how the children

had distended stomachs

and had sores all over
their tummy

because they didn't have
enough to eat.

He arrived home
just as we were having dinner,

clearly moved and emotionally
exhausted, I'd say...

from seeing such dire poverty.

I remember it was a lovely...
a lovely evening,

and the... the table
in our dining room was set.

And as you know, we had
a really nice dining room,

with chandeliers
and the crystal on the glasses,

and a cook to cook dinner,
and somebody to serve it.

And Daddy walked in.
I was... I was just there,

and he said,
"I've just been, um...

to Mississippi,
and I've seen a family

who live in a room
the size of this dining room.

Do you know
how lucky you are?"

And he was shaking. "Do you know
how lucky you are?

You have to do something
for our country.

You have to give back."

Huelga! Huelga! Huelga!

Huelga! Huelga! Huelga! Huelga!

At that time,
Cesar Chavez was organizing

with the grape pickers,
and he was on strike,

and he asked Daddy
to come and see him.

Senator, are you
a supporter of Mr. Chavez?

Is that why you're going
up there?

Uh, he's been on a hunger strike

and has, uh,
committed to non-violence,

and I think
that's terribly important.

Cesar had been
on a very long fast,

and Daddy wanted to be there
at his side

after Cesar had made
such a personal sacrifice.

Look at what friendship
they had developed.

Yeah.

I think
they would have been friends

under any circumstances,
just because...

they cared so much
about the same kind of people.

Somebody wrote on the, uh...

on the pyramids, the...

time they were being
constructed, the words,

"And no one was angry enough
to speak out."

I think people should be
angry enough to speak out.

I think there are injustices.

I think there are unfairnesses
in my own country

and around the world,
and I think...

that, uh,
if one feels involved in it,

that, uh, one should
try to do something about it.

♪ Come gather 'round, people
Wherever you roam ♪

♪ And admit that the waters
Around you have grown ♪

♪ And accept it that soon
You'll be drenched to the bone ♪

♪ If your time to you
Is worth savin' ♪

We'll get to the promised land!

♪ And you better start swimmin'
Or you'll sink like a stone ♪

♪ For the times
They are a-changin'... ♪

By the mid-1960s,
race relations

in the United States
were badly strained.

Violence had broken out
in cities across America.

Los Angeles, Newark, Detroit.

Added to this was Vietnam

and the growing
anti-war movement.

Get out of Vietnam!
Get out! Get out!

Get out of Vietnam! Get out!

Do you remember
when Daddy decided

to run for president?

Yeah, I mean, I remember
we had this conversation

around the dinner table,
and he asked all of us, um...

all the kids, what do you think
about him running?

And there was some discussion
about Vietnam,

and there was some discussion
about the civil rights movement.

Vietnam informed
Daddy's decision

to run for president.

- Is that right?
- Yes.

I would say 90 percent,
probably.

Was the feeling that Johnson

- wasn't gonna get out?
- Yes.

And was he interacting
with Johnson

- at that point?
- No.

- They didn't...
- No, he was clearly

persona non grata.

For 20 years, first the French
and then the United States

have been predicting victory
in Vietnam.

Once, in 1962, I participated
in such a prediction myself...

but for 20 years,
we have been wrong.

The country was in such
a state of miasma,

and it needed his spirit.

I am announcing today
my candidacy...

for the presidency
of the United States.

Do you remember
when he announced

- his run for president?
- Yes.

- Where was it?
- In the Senate Caucus Room,

where, before him, Jack had.

So it was...

it was great.

I run for the presidency

because I want
the United States of America

to stand for hope...

instead of despair.

For reconciliation of men...

instead of the growing risk
of world war.

Most of Daddy's aides
did not want Daddy to run.

Mommy, more than anybody,

knew that Daddy
would be miserable

if he didn't join that campaign.

Daddy had entered the race late,

but he started
campaigning vigorously.

And Mommy, who was pregnant
with me at the time,

joined him as often
as she could.

I don't think it's tolerable
that young men and young women

growing up in our great cities
are not able to find jobs.

And I think whites and blacks,
poor and rich together,

that we can work together.

This first week has taken him

all across the country
to the South

and to the Far West.

I would like to have
the politics of reality

and the politics of hope.

Do you think
it's going well, in general?

Well, I think
winning in three primaries,

three for three, isn't bad.

I hate to burden you
with questions now,

- but I'm just wondering.
- That's okay.

Is this laryngitis
a result of the campaign

- and the talking a lot?
- Yes, yes, yes.

Is it 'cause you've
been making so many speeches?

No, I think
it's just the strenuous pace

of the campaign.

Dr. Martin Luther King,
the apostle of non-violence

in the civil rights movement,

has been shot to death
in Memphis, Tennessee.

The nation
has not known such shock,

nor has it been so stunned,

since the assassination
of President Kennedy.

Mommy and Daddy's
campaign plane had just landed

in Indianapolis,

when they learned of
Martin Luther King Jr.'s death.

Riots were breaking out in
cities across the nation,

and the police told them
to stay in their hotel.

The police did not want Daddy

to go into the inner city
that night,

and I believe they said
they wouldn't protect him,

but absolutely nothing
was going to stop him.

'Cause I think he thought
that maybe, just maybe,

he could present it
in such a way...

that people would not riot.

Ladies and gentlemen...

I have some very sad news
for all of you,

and I think, uh, sad news
for all of our fellow citizens,

and that is
that Martin Luther King

was shot and was killed
tonight in Memphis, Tennessee.

For those of you who are...

Black...

and are tempted to fill with...

be filled with
hatred and mistrust

against all white people,

I would also say that I can also
feel in my own heart...

the same kind of feeling.

I had a member
of my family killed...

but he was killed
by a white man.

But we have to make
an effort in the United States

to get beyond, or go beyond,
these rather difficult times.

My favorite poet was Aeschylus.

And he once wrote,

"Even in our sleep,

pain which cannot forget...

falls drop by drop
upon the heart...

until in our own despair...

against our will...

comes wisdom
through the awful grace of God."

What we need
in the United States...

In the wake
of King's assassination,

riots broke out
in more than 100 cities.

But in Indianapolis,
there was no such violence.

I think there was a loss
of hope at that time.

After Jack died, and then
Martin Luther King was killed,

many people
put their final hopes in Daddy.

Robert Kennedy is the only man

on the current
political structure

that can do the job
that we need done.

Is there a second choice?

There is no second choice
as far as we're concerned.

I want to first thank my wife,
Ethel,

who, as all of you know,
has made such a major difference

in this campaign
and a major difference for me.

I don't think anybody could have

campaigned more vigorously
or thoughtfully,

or gone to more cities
or towns or villages.

And he had tremendous energy,
and he really...

felt the need to talk
to different people

and to get his views across.

Did you feel like Daddy
was going to win?

He had lost in Oregon, right?

He lost in Oregon,
and it was the first time

any Kennedy had lost,
and it was...

not fun. Losing isn't any fun.

No kidding.

Why did I lose?

Just because I didn't do
well enough.

I mean, I can't...
There wasn't any, uh...

I can just...
The only fault or blame is me.

I can't... But I can't...
That's me.

Everybody agreed
that Daddy's loss in Oregon

did not bode well
for the campaign,

but he went on to California,

and there the campaign
picked up steam.

Decency is at the heart
of the matter,

for poverty is indecent.

Illiteracy is indecent.

The death or maiming
of a brave young man

in the swamps of Asia
or South Vietnam,

that is indecent.

We went to,
uh, California

in June,
and we campaigned in Watts,

and we had Rafer Johnson
and Rosey Grier, uh...

holding Daddy
on the top of a convertible,

and we were all holding on
for dear life,

and everybody
was just reaching up

to see him
and to touch him and to...

to even, like, to rip...
rip his shirt off.

It was like he was a Beatle.

He was... he was just...

He touched people,

and they, in return,
wanted to physically touch him.

- Mr. Kennedy!
- Mr. Kennedy!

California loves you!

There was a lot
hinging on California.

- I think the works.
- Right.

Daddy went on to win

- the primary...
- Right.

- ...in California.
- Yeah.

Which is such
a thrilling moment,

'cause it really seemed...

- like he might win.
- Yeah.

Yeah, then there was
a very optimistic feeling.

RFK! RFK! RFK!

A few minutes
after he made his victory speech

in the ballroom
of the Ambassador Hotel

in Los Angeles,

my father was shot.

Then we lost Daddy.

Talk about something else.

What happened was
I was in California

with Courtney
and David and Michael,

campaigning, and, um...

uh...

Um...

David stayed with Daddy
and Mommy

to, um, watch the returns,
um...

and Michael and Courtney and I
went back to the hotel

and, um, and went to sleep.

And the next morning,
I probably woke up

at 4:00 or 5:00 in the morning,

and I turned on the television
to watch cartoons,

and, uh, the news, you know,
just kept coming across,

um, about Daddy.

Senator Robert
Francis Kennedy...

died at 1:44...

a.m. today...

June 6, 1968.

He was, uh, 42 years old.

Thank you.

We flew back and waked him

at St. Patrick's Cathedral,
and in front of St. Patrick's,

there was, um, hundreds
of thousands of people.

The crowds were
eight feet thick.

It was such an outpouring.

It was amazing.
You know, around the block...

five deep...

at St. Patrick's.

My brother need not be idealized

or enlarged in death
beyond what he was in life.

To be remembered simply
as a good and decent man

who saw wrong
and tried to right it,

saw suffering
and tried to heal it,

saw war and tried to stop it.

The next day,
we took him down

to Washington, DC, on the train.

The train ride
took us seven hours

because there were so many
people on the tracks.

It was long...

and hot and very sad,

and just people... all along...

with the signs
that they had up, and...

and the tears in their eyes,
and...

They just seemed like...

broken.

I have
just such a strong memory

of all those crowds of people.

And I kind of loved going
through that train and seeing

all those friends
of our families

and just feeling like
we're all here together,

and everybody loves
each other, and...

And looking out the windows
of that train

and seeing
so many different people

and it just seemed like
every color of the rainbow,

and these kind of groups
of white people

and these groups of Black people
all along the tracks.

I don't know,
it was a very positive,

very, very, positive sense,

in the midst of all that horror,
this kind of...

sense of unity and of love.

Everybody commented at the time

how extraordinary you were,
and strong and...

Well...

I don't know.

A lot of wonderful children
to be with.

Do you think that faith
helped you at that point,

- or is it just keep going?
- Yes, I just wake up

every morning
and think of Daddy...

uh, up there with Jack...

and Joe and...

my parents and a lot
of my brothers and sisters.

Yeah.

Probably arguing
with them, but...

Trying to convince them

to become Democrats?

When we lost Daddy, I was 11.
I didn't understand it.

And, uh...

she said to me,
"Daddy is so happy,

nothing can take that
away from him,

and he's in the most joyous,
abundant place."

And she's joyous.

While the rest of the world
was grieving

and the family was grieving,

she saw the best in it.

And she saw the best in it
because her faith is so strong.

And that's carried her,
I believe, through everything,

through, uh, losing David
and then Michael.

And she so strongly believes
that they're happy and free.

In 1984,

my brother David died
from a drug overdose.

He was 28 years old.

And then, in 1997,
my brother Michael died

in a skiing accident.

He was 39.

I remember

sort of towards the end
of June of that year,

we went with my uncle Teddy
on a sailboat,

and we went around
Martha's Vineyard

and Nantucket Sound
for a few days,

just to get away from everything

and to be
with the family, and...

I remember dragging behind
the boat with my mother

and thinking she looked
very pregnant.

And...

Teddy said something,
and she started laughing

and laughing and laughing,
you know, almost uncontrollably.

And I thought...
and then I thought, "Well...

there is going
to be laughter again.

There is laughter,
and this doesn't all have to be

so dark and horrible."

Although she'd lost Daddy,
she... she did have 11 children.

And she had you to fight for

and live for
in the first six months.

I was born.

Yes.

That was the joy of my life.

Thank you.

- So that was a few months...
- That was wonderful.

A few months later.

We want to say how happy
we are today, and, uh...

uh, and I told Ethel that
I think Joan and I are gonna

take this baby home.

We think Ethel has enough
of them at home, anyway.

And then you guys went
to Arlington with me?

Yeah.

And how was that?

Well, bittersweet, you know.

Yeah.

- Dougie, see your little sister?
- Look how big she is!

It's Rory.

Can you say her name?

Teddy had asked what your name
would be...

and I said, "Rory,
the last of the Irish kings."

And he said, "Oh!

Well, you need to teach her

'Rory, Rory, grab the dory,
there's a herring in the bay.'"

"Forget the dory, Rory."

- Oh, yeah, forget the...
- "The herring got away."

You remember it
more than I did.

By the time I was born,

part of the story
was already over...

and another, different story
was just beginning.

Good afternoon.
My name is Christopher.

Coming about...
Right now we're coming about.

The sheets are rattling.
Mommy's turning that wheel.

We're gonna have Douglas Kennedy
speak on the recorder,

and he is a great guy.

This is Douglas speaking.
Uh, I'm four and a half.

And I love Mommy.

At home,
how much did things change

after Daddy died?

I think the only way to deal
with 11 children,

with their friends,
with 30 or 40 first cousins,

is with structure and discipline
and routine and organization.

And Mommy brought structure
and discipline and routine

and organization
to every aspect of our lives.

It's interesting because,
especially after Daddy died,

we learned sports from Mommy.

And she taught us to ski,

she taught us to play football,
she made sure

that we weren't going
to sit around

and feel sorry for ourselves.

Bless us, oh, Lord,
in these, thy gifts

which we are about to receive

from thy bounty
through Christ, our Lord, Amen.

David called in today.

He did?

And do you know
what the temperature is

where he's working?

A hundred and seventeen,
in La Paz, California.

She sent the older kids
to places in our country

and around the world
so that we could understand

and live
with different cultures.

So Kathleen went and lived
on an Indian reservation,

and Joe lived with a family
in Spain,

and Bobby lived with
a group of people in Africa.

Uh, Courtney and I went
and worked on a farm in Utah.

David worked with Cesar Chavez.

Do you know that he works
ten hours a day,

for eight cents an hour?

Are you looking forward
to doing something like that?

Wouldn't you like to work
for Cesar Chavez?

Sure.

Not for eight cents an hour.

Not for eight cents an hour.

Imagine trying to raise
your family on that.

Although I think
they were equal partners,

my mother took a step behind,
and she was supporting Daddy.

And after we lost him,
I think she felt the need

to become more of a leader.

She continues,
in a wonderful way,

to help carry on
a lot of Daddy's causes.

You know, she'll go walk
with Cesar Chavez.

Cesar has broken his fast

from the hand of Ethel Kennedy.

She became a force of nature
in her own right

and was questioning authority,

and calling congressmen
and governors and senators

to say, "Why aren't things being
made better?"

She put so much energy

into the Bedford-Stuyvesant
restoration program.

She started
the Robert F. Kennedy Center

for Justice and Human Rights

to carry forward
his unfinished work.

The Robert F. Kennedy Center,

which my mother founded
in 1968,

helps support journalists,
writers,

and human rights activists
who carry on my father's work.

Over the last 20 years,

she's gone
on human rights delegations

to Namibia, Albania,
Czechoslovakia,

Haiti, Hungary, Kenya, Mexico,

Northern Ireland, Poland,
South Africa...

Seeing our mother walk
in his absence,

along that same path,
really impacted all of us.

That gave us not the obligation,
but the gift

of a contributory life.

So many kids in our family,
so many people in our family,

are involved
in social justice work,

and it's always attributed
to my father, and... which...

He deserves that.

But the truth is, he died
when we were very, very young,

so that really comes
from my mother.

And those are her values,

and those are the aspects
of Daddy that she chose

to have us remember
and think about.

Everybody's done very well

in their chosen fields.

Uh, I mean, it really is
a great tribute to Daddy

that you've all done
so many wonderful things.

Well, how about to you?

No,
I think it was the other gene.

You raised us, Mommy.

I just don't feel
I can take the credit.

I just don't feel it.

When my father was alive,

my mother was always there
for him.

Her love lifted him up.

And after, when my mother
was left to raise us

and to carry on his fight,

he was there for her too,

his love still lifting her up.

I remember
at a very young age,

we would pray together
every night,

and we would have
about 25 people

who had all died,
who we would pray for.

You've had a lot of loss.

I have, but, uh...

as I've often said,
nobody gets a free ride.

Everybody faces...

friends who have died
or family who have died or...

who are really sick.

So, you know, have your wits
about you, and...

dig in and do what you can...

because it... it might not last.

Let's take one
big picture together.

I think one
of Mommy's great legacies

is her children.

And there's another generation
coming up behind them.

How many grandchildren
does Mommy have?

Mommy has 33 grandchildren.

She wants more.

Never enough,
as far as she's concerned.

Okay. We're coming about.